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Fermentation
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Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Anaerobic Biotechnology
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Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Anaerobic Biotechnology

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Fermentation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2024 | Viewed by 4503

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zechong Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Interests: organic wastewater; anaerobic biotechnology for solid waste recycling; microbial electrochemical assisted anaerobic digestion treatment technology
Dr. Minhua Cui

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: wastewater/water treatment; nioelectrochemical system; electrochemcial degradation of pollution
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Municipal wastewater treatment is a constant concern for both researchers and engineers. Numerous processes have been developed or upgraded to meet the increasingly stringent pollution control requirement around the world, which usually takes aerobic technologies as the core and removes pollutants from the wastewater with huge energy costs. Recently, the traditional approach is being challenged by the growing climate problems and rising energy prices, and a new consensus is emerging based on the concept of sustainability: wastewater is a potential resource rather than a mere pollutant.

Anaerobic biotechnologies, with anaerobic digestion as a typical example, are able to remove pollutants or convert them into high-value-added products (including both biofuels and chemicals) at relatively low energy costs. Now, the application scope and theoretical understanding of anaerobic biotechnologies are expanding, and various novel technologies (such as anerobic membrane bioreactor, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and anaerobic electrochemical technology) are developing, which provide promising options for efficient wastewater treatment and energy/resource recovery.

The goal of this Special Issue is to publish both recent innovative research results and review papers on the anaerobic biotechnology that can realize energy (in the form of methane, hydrogen, electricity, etc.) and resource (nitrogen, phosphorus, PHA, VFAs, etc.) recovery from municipal wastewater or its correlatives (such as waste-activated sludge). Review and research papers on the development of low-carbon or energy-neutral wastewater treatment systems based on anaerobic biotechnologies are also of great interest. If you would like to contribute a review paper, please contact one of the editors to discuss the topic’s relevance before submitting the manuscript.

Sincerely,
Dr. Zechong Guo
Dr. Minhua Cui
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • municipal wastewater
  • waste activated sludge
  • anaerobic digestion
  • energy recovery
  • resource recovery
  • carbon neutralization
  • anerobic membrane bioreactor
  • microbial electrochemical system

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2061 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Methanogenesis of Waste-Activated Sludge (WAS) in a Continuous Stirring Tank Reactor with Stealth Electrodes
by Wen He, Dahai Zhang, Lu Zhang, Zhuanyi Ai, Zechong Guo, Tongyi Yang, Linzhi Zhai and Cheng Huang
Fermentation 2024, 10(3), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10030158 - 10 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1643
Abstract
The integration of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency and stability of an anaerobic digestion (AD) system for energy recovery from waste-activated sludge (WAS). Typically, electrodes are arranged as separate components, potentially disrupting mixing and complicating [...] Read more.
The integration of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is an effective strategy for enhancing the efficiency and stability of an anaerobic digestion (AD) system for energy recovery from waste-activated sludge (WAS). Typically, electrodes are arranged as separate components, potentially disrupting mixing and complicating the reactor configuration, posing challenges for the scaling up of AD-MEC coupling systems. In this study, electrodes were introduced into a continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) in a “stealth” manner by integrating them with the inner wall and stirring paddle. This electrode arrangement approach was validated through a sequential batch digestion experiment, resulting in a remarkable 1.5-fold increase in cumulative methane production and a shortened lag period compared to the traditional CSTR with a nonconductive inner wall and stirring paddle. Both the conductive materials (CMs) employed in the electrodes and the electrochemical processes equally contributed to the observed enhancement effect of the electrodes by regulating the evolution of the microbial community within the electrode biofilms, with a specific emphasis on the enrichment of methanogens (primarily Methanobacterium). This research offers a potential avenue to solve the contradiction between the electrode introduction and the mixing operation in AD-MEC coupling systems and to contribute to its future commercial application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Anaerobic Biotechnology)
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13 pages, 8561 KiB  
Article
The Microbial Communities of Anaerobic Respiration and Fermentation Degrading Chitin Exist in the Anaerobic Sludge of Microbial Fuel Cell Anodes
by Sheng-Hu Zhen, Yang-Yang Yu, Rong-Rong Xie, Wei Xu and Shan-Wei Li
Fermentation 2023, 9(11), 983; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9110983 - 17 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1459
Abstract
Chitin is one of the most abundant polymers in nature, with chitinous biomass often discarded as food waste and marine debris. To explore an effective way to degrade chitin, in this work, anaerobic sludge was inoculated at the anode of a two-chamber microbial [...] Read more.
Chitin is one of the most abundant polymers in nature, with chitinous biomass often discarded as food waste and marine debris. To explore an effective way to degrade chitin, in this work, anaerobic sludge was inoculated at the anode of a two-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC), and chitin was degraded via anaerobic respiration and fermentation. The results showed that the anaerobic sludge could degrade chitin under both the anaerobic respiration and fermentation modes, with similar degradation rates (7.10 ± 0.96 and 6.96 ± 0.23 C-mg/L·d−1). The open-circuit voltage and output current density could roughly reflect the degradation of chitin in the MFC. The maximum current density generated through the anaerobic sludge degradation of chitin via anaerobic respiration was 160 mA/m2, and the maximum power density was 26.29 mW/m2. The microbial sequencing results revealed substantially different microbial community profiles, with electroactive bacteria (EAB) flora and fermentative bacteria (Longilinea) as the main microbial groups that degraded chitin via anaerobic respiration and fermentation, respectively. Therefore, anaerobic sludge may be a good choice for the treatment of refractory biomass due to its abundant electroactive and fermentative flora. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Anaerobic Biotechnology)
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Review

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18 pages, 2014 KiB  
Review
Harnessing the Potential of Sludge Fermentation Liquid to Induce Partial Nitrification
by Xu Wang, Cancan Jiang, Danhua Wang, Lijing Fan, Yang Yang, Tiancheng Yang, Jiang Peng, Xinyuan Zhang and Xuliang Zhuang
Fermentation 2024, 10(6), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10060289 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 636
Abstract
Extra energy consumption, inefficient nitrogen removal, and excessive sludge production are major challenges faced by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that rely on the traditional activated sludge process. Fermentation of wasted activated sludge (WAS) and novel nitrogen removal technologies based on partial nitrification (PN) [...] Read more.
Extra energy consumption, inefficient nitrogen removal, and excessive sludge production are major challenges faced by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that rely on the traditional activated sludge process. Fermentation of wasted activated sludge (WAS) and novel nitrogen removal technologies based on partial nitrification (PN) have emerged as promising solutions to these issues. Recent studies have revealed an innovative strategy that integrates these two processes by supplementing fermentation liquid into activated sludge to induce PN. This review summarizes the research progress on PN establishment induced by the fermentation process. The microbiology and establishment methods of PN are briefly introduced, followed by a detailed discussion on the process, influencing factors, and product characteristics of WAS fermentation. The core section focuses on the side-stream and main-stream approaches of fermentation-induced PN, comparing their performance and application prospects. The potential mechanisms are explored, with an emphasis on the roles of free ammonia for the side-stream approach and the high tolerance of ammonium oxidizers to in-site fermentation stress for the main-stream approach. Finally, the limitations of the current research and future perspectives are discussed, highlighting the need for further investigation into microbial ecology, process optimization, and long-term stability. This review aims to provide insights into the synergistic integration of WAS fermentation and PN for sustainable and energy-efficient wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Municipal Wastewater by Anaerobic Biotechnology)
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