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Foods
Special Issues
Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants
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Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 4846

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianhai Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
Interests: environmental toxicology; food safety; poisoning disease; nutritional and metabolic diseases
Prof. Dr. Miao Long

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
Interests: mycotoxin; toxicology; biochemistry; antioxidant

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, environmental issues have come to rank amongst the great challenges faced by human beings. On the one hand, contaminants and toxicants are ingested by humans through water, food, and air, and damage various tissues and organs of the body. On the other hand, they can also accumulate in the human body through the food chain, further aggravating harm to humans. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the metabolic process of contaminants and toxicants, elucidation of the toxicity mechanism of contaminants and toxicants, and the search for effective therapeutic targets and therapeutic drugs are of great practical significance for the protection of food safety. Ultimately, the objective in undertaking these endeavours is to prevent and treat damage caused by contaminants and toxicants in food. Researchers are invited to submit their up-to-date original research articles, review works, and short communications to this Foods Special Issue, entitled “Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants”.

Prof. Dr. Jianhai Zhang
Prof. Dr. Miao Long
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food safety 
  • contaminants and toxicants 
  • toxicant metabolism 
  • toxic mechanism 
  • alleviation and treatment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4869 KiB  
Article
Bifidobacterium Relieved Fluoride-Induced Hepatic and Ileal Toxicity via Inflammatory Response and Bile Acid Transporters in Mice
by Yue Wu, Ao Cheng, Yu Wang, Qianlong Zhu, Xuting Ren, Yiguang Lu, Erbao Shi, Cuicui Zhuang, Jundong Wang, Chen Liang and Jianhai Zhang
Foods 2024, 13(7), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13071011 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 828
Abstract
Fluoride is a pervasive environmental contaminant. Prolonged excessive fluoride intake can inflict severe damage on the liver and intestines. Previous 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a decrease in ileal Bifidobacterium abundance during fluoride-induced hepatointestinal injury. Hence, this work aimed to investigate the possible mitigating [...] Read more.
Fluoride is a pervasive environmental contaminant. Prolonged excessive fluoride intake can inflict severe damage on the liver and intestines. Previous 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a decrease in ileal Bifidobacterium abundance during fluoride-induced hepatointestinal injury. Hence, this work aimed to investigate the possible mitigating function of Bifidobacterium on hepatointestinal injury caused by fluoride. Thirty-six 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice (equally divided between males and females) were allotted randomly to three groups: Ctrl group (distilled water), NaF group, and NaF + Ba group (100 mg/L NaF distilled water). After 10 weeks, the mice were given 1 × 109 CFU/mL Bifidobacterium solution (0.2 mL/day) intragastrically in the NaF + Ba group for 8 weeks, and the mice in other groups were given the same amount of distilled water. Dental damage, bone fluoride content, blood routine, liver and intestinal microstructure and function, inflammatory factors, and regulatory cholic acid transporters were examined. Our results showed that fluoride increased glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities, and the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels in serum, liver, and ileum. However, Bifidobacterium intervention alleviated fluoride-induced changes in the above indicators. In addition, Bifidobacterium reduced the mRNA expression levels of bile acid transporters ASBT, IBABP, OST-α, and OST-β in the ileum. In summary, Bifidobacterium supplementation relieved fluoride-induced hepatic and ileal toxicity via an inflammatory response and bile acid transporters in the liver and ileum of mice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants)
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14 pages, 2789 KiB  
Article
Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment of Beta-Agonist Residues in Commercial Beef and Pork in Taiwan
by Shu-Han You and Chieh-Ning Lee
Foods 2023, 12(22), 4052; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12224052 - 7 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1291
Abstract
Beta-agonists (β-agonists) in meat products in one’s diet raise concerns about the possibility of foodborne illness. It may also lead to discomfort, such as headaches and occasional irregular heartbeats, which might be linked to a heightened concern for cardiovascular issues. Taiwan’s high demand [...] Read more.
Beta-agonists (β-agonists) in meat products in one’s diet raise concerns about the possibility of foodborne illness. It may also lead to discomfort, such as headaches and occasional irregular heartbeats, which might be linked to a heightened concern for cardiovascular issues. Taiwan’s high demand for meat and reliance on imported meat products from certain countries where β-agonists are permitted has raised concerns. Recent import border checks and monitoring of meat products in the market have revealed the concentration of non-compliance with β-agonist residue regulations, which is ten ppb. This study aims to analyze the concentration of β-agonist residues in meat products sold in Taiwan and assess the current levels of exposure and dietary risk for consumers. The study analyzed 1415 samples of domestically produced and imported livestock products from supermarkets, traditional markets, and bulk stores in New Taipei City between 2019 and 2023. The samples were analyzed using the method for detecting 21 β-agonists based on the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration’s specifications. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of β-agonists for different age groups and the target hazard quotient (THQ) were used to assess dietary exposure and risk. The results showed that all 1415 samples were compliant with regulations. Among them, 43 beef samples showed residues of ractopamine originating from the United States, with residue concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 μg/kg and an average residue concentration of 3.3 ± 1.9 μg/kg. Under average consumption, the highest EDI for the exposed population was observed in the 6–12 age group, with values of 0.1469 μg/kg/day, 0.0734 μg/kg/day, and 0.0242 μg/kg/day for the three residue concentrations (maximum detected residue, maximum allowable residue, and average detected residue, respectively). The THQs for ractopamine in imported beef samples were all less than 1, indicating no health hazards at the current intake levels of each age group and the residue concentrations in commercially available beef. Despite the findings, traders need to acknowledge regulatory variations between Taiwan and exporting countries when importing meat products. Traders should provide inspection reports to monitor β-agonist residue levels in imports or explore sourcing beef from countries with β-agonist bans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants)
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17 pages, 15812 KiB  
Article
Citrinin Exposure Induced Testicular Damage and Spermatogenesis Disorder by Triggering Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
by Jing Wu, You Wu, Hui Fan, Chenglin Yang, Mengran Yang, Xiangyi Kong, Can Ning, Siqi Wang, Wenguang Xiao, Naidong Wang, Jine Yi and Zhihang Yuan
Foods 2023, 12(8), 1616; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12081616 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1816
Abstract
Damage to the reproductive system is the key factor leading to male infertility. Citrinin (CTN) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus in nature, and is definitely found in food and animal feed. Studies have revealed that CTN can cause damage to male reproductive [...] Read more.
Damage to the reproductive system is the key factor leading to male infertility. Citrinin (CTN) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus in nature, and is definitely found in food and animal feed. Studies have revealed that CTN can cause damage to male reproductive organs and reduce fertility, but the mechanism of toxicity has not been revealed. In the present study, male Kunming mice were given different doses of CTN (0, 1.25, 5 or 20 mg/kg BW) by intragastric administration. The results demonstrated that CTN exposure caused disorder of androgen, a decline in sperm quality, and histopathological damage of testis. The inhibition of the expression of ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin suggests that the blood-testis barrier (BTB) was damaged. Simultaneously, CTN inhibited the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT and SOD, and promoted the production of MDA and ROS, resulting in oxidative damage of testis. Additionally, apoptotic cells were detected and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased. Not only that, CTN activated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, and GRP78. Interestingly, 4-Phenylbutyric Acid (4-PBA, an ERS inhibitor) treatment blocked the adverse effects of CTN exposure on male reproduction. In short, the findings suggested that CTN exposure can cause damage to mouse testis tissue, in which ERS exhibited an important regulatory role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Safety Management: Contaminants and Toxicants)
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