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Hydrology
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Isotope Hydrology in the U.S.
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Isotope Hydrology in the U.S.

A special issue of Hydrology (ISSN 2306-5338). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Resources and Risk Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2579

Special Issue Editor

Dr. James E. Landmeyer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
U.S. Geological Survey, South Atlantic Water Science Center, Lutz, FL 33559, USA
Interests: groundwater flow; groundwater level; hydrology; saltwater intrusion; water cycle

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Isotope hydrology is a broad field of study that focuses on the use of isotopes to understand and analyze water resources. In the United States, isotope hydrology plays a crucial role in various areas such as groundwater management, climate studies, and environmental monitoring.

One of the key applications of isotope hydrology in the U.S. is in groundwater management. Isotopic analysis can provide valuable information about the origin and movement of groundwater, which is essential for sustainable water resource management. By studying the isotopic composition of water samples, hydrologists can determine if groundwater is being recharged or depleted, identify potential sources of contamination, and assess the overall health of aquifers. Moreover, when combined with isotope samples from surface water, isotopes can be used to understand groundwater/surface-water interactions.

Isotope hydrology also plays a significant role in climate studies. By analyzing the isotopic composition of precipitation, researchers can gain insights into atmospheric processes and patterns. This information is crucial for understanding climate variability, predicting future climate trends, and developing effective strategies for water resource management in a changing climate. Isotopes can also be used to better understand the magnitude of evaporation and transpiration processes.

In addition to groundwater management and climate studies, isotope hydrology is also used for environmental monitoring. By analyzing isotopes in groundwater and surface-water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and streams, scientists can assess water quality, detect pollution sources, and track the movement of contaminants. This information is vital for ensuring the health and safety of ecosystems and human populations that rely on these water sources.

Authors are invited to submit their original research work that covers various aspects of isotope hydrology in the U.S to gain valuable insights into the movement, quality, and sustainability of water sources, contributing to more effective water resource management and environmental protection strategies that aid in understanding and managing water resources in the United States.

We look forward to receiving your original research articles and reviews.

Dr. James E. Landmeyer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Hydrology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • isotope hydrology
  • environmental tracers
  • hydrogeology
  • water quality
  • aquifer systems
  • hydrogeochemical
  • water budget
  • contamination

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2695 KiB  
Article
Stable Isotopic Evidence of Paleorecharge in the Northern Gulf Coastal Plain (USA)
by Estifanos Haile, Benjamin J. Currens and Alan E. Fryar
Hydrology 2024, 11(8), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11080118 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 875
Abstract
Stable isotope abundances (δ18O and δ2H) in regional aquifers can provide important paleoclimate information. However, identifying paleoclimate signals can be complicated by cross-formational mixing and, potentially, by isotopic diffusion between aquifers and confining units. We examine controls on δ [...] Read more.
Stable isotope abundances (δ18O and δ2H) in regional aquifers can provide important paleoclimate information. However, identifying paleoclimate signals can be complicated by cross-formational mixing and, potentially, by isotopic diffusion between aquifers and confining units. We examine controls on δ18O and δ2H distributions in the Wilcox aquifer of the northern Gulf Coastal Plain (USA). We sampled groundwater for δ18O, δ2H, Cl−, and 36Cl along a ~300 km downgradient transect. We developed a simplified, 1D numerical model of groundwater flow and 18O transport to assess the possible importance of isotopic diffusion between the aquifer and its confining units. Along the inferred flowpath, δ18O and δ2H values were depleted by as much as 1.3 and 8.2‰, respectively, as the Wilcox aquifer transitioned from unconfined to confined. However, they then gradually rose farther downgradient by up to 1.1 and 8.6‰. Chlorine-36 analyses and 14C analyses (from other studies) indicate that groundwater ages range from ~103 yr to ~8 × 105 yr. Modeling results indicate that the effect of diffusion on isotopic abundances is limited, whereas Cl− data indicate that cross-formational flow is limited. Therefore, we posit that confined groundwater in our study reflects a Pleistocene paleorecharge signal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Isotope Hydrology in the U.S.)
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20 pages, 9130 KiB  
Article
Constraining Geogenic Sources of Boron Impacting Groundwater and Wells in the Newark Basin, USA
by Larbi Rddad and Steven Spayd
Hydrology 2024, 11(7), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11070107 - 21 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1226
Abstract
The Newark Basin comprises Late Triassic and Early Jurassic fluvio-lacustrine rocks (Stockton, Lockatong, Passaic, Feltville, Towaco, and Boonton Formations) and Early Jurassic diabase intrusions and basalt lava flows. Boron concentrations in private well water samples range up to 18,000 μg/L, exceeding the U.S. [...] Read more.
The Newark Basin comprises Late Triassic and Early Jurassic fluvio-lacustrine rocks (Stockton, Lockatong, Passaic, Feltville, Towaco, and Boonton Formations) and Early Jurassic diabase intrusions and basalt lava flows. Boron concentrations in private well water samples range up to 18,000 μg/L, exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Health Advisory of 2000 μg/L for children and 5000 μg/L for adults. Boron was analyzed in minerals, rocks, and water samples using FUS-ICPMS, LA-ICP-MS, and MC ICP-MS, respectively. Boron concentrations reach up to 121 ppm in sandstone of the Passaic Formation, 42 ppm in black shale of the Lockatong Formation, 31.2 ppm in sandstone of the Stockton Formation, and 36 ppm in diabase. The δ11B isotopic values of groundwater range from 16.7 to 32.7‰, which fall within those of the diabase intrusion (25 to 31‰). Geostatistical analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reveals that boron is associated with clay minerals in black shales and with Na-bearing minerals (possibly feldspar and evaporite minerals) in sandstones. The PCA also shows that boron is not associated with any major phases in diabase intrusion, and is likely remobilized from the surrounding rocks by the intrusion-related late hydrothermal fluids and subsequently incorporated into diabase. Calcite veins found within the Triassic rock formations exhibit relatively elevated concentrations ranging from 6.3 to 97.3 ppm and may contain micro-inclusions rich in boron. Based on the available data, it is suggested that the primary sources of boron contaminating groundwater in the area are clay minerals in black shales, Na-bearing minerals in sandstone, diabase intrusion-related hydrothermal fluids, and a contribution from calcite veins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Isotope Hydrology in the U.S.)
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