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Disparities in Chronic Disease among Vulnerable Groups and Solutions

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2022) | Viewed by 2361

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Interests: addressing disparities in chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, depression, and cancer among racial/ethnic minority families

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Guest Editor
Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Interests: spatial epidemiology; physical activity research and capacity building; chronic disease prevention; global health disparities; Latin American populations & US-based minorities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, depression, and HIV/AIDS, disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, including communities of color, immigrant groups, people living with disabilities, sexual and gender minorities, and other groups with limited resources. This has profound implications for social and economic well-being throughout life. We invite authors to submit original investigations, methods papers, or review papers that further our understanding of the impact of chronic conditions on vulnerable populations and innovative and multi-sectoral interventions that address this disproportionate burden.

Potential topics include (but are not limited to):

  • Interventions that address multiple levels of the socioecological model to improve chronic disease outcomes in vulnerable populations;
  • Technology-based approaches to improving chronic disease prevention or management interventions tailored for vulnerable populations;
  • Implementation science frameworks applied to understanding how to scale and spread evidence-based approaches for chronic disease management in vulnerable populations;
  • Mixed methods evaluations of chronic disease prevention or management interventions for vulnerable populations;
  • Community-based participatory research approaches to developing or rigorously evaluating chronic disease prevention or management programs in partnerships with organizations that serve vulnerable populations.

For all of the above priority areas, we also welcome submissions whereby the behavioral determinants of chronic disease are the main outcome of study (e.g., physical activity, dietary behaviors, smoking, drinking, etc.), as well as those that directly deal with clinical outcomes (obesity, diabetes, cancer, heart disease, etc.).

Dr. Lisa Goldman Rosas
Dr. Deborah Salvo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic disease
  • health equity
  • multi-sectoral interventions
  • multi-level interventions

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 797 KiB  
Article
Involvement, Perception, and Understanding as Determinants for Patient–Physician Relationship and Their Association with Adherence: A Questionnaire Survey among People Living with HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy in Austria
by Helmut Beichler, Igor Grabovac, Birgit Leichsenring and Thomas Ernst Dorner
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(16), 10314; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610314 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1763
Abstract
Background: The relationship between patients and healthcare professionals (physicians) is the cornerstone of successful long-term antiretroviral therapy for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the connection between involvement, perception, and understanding as the basis for the [...] Read more.
Background: The relationship between patients and healthcare professionals (physicians) is the cornerstone of successful long-term antiretroviral therapy for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the connection between involvement, perception, and understanding as the basis for the patient–physician relationship and drug adherence, measured as the probability of non-adherence. Methods: In an online survey, people with HIV were asked about their relationship with their physicians and the extent to which they felt involved in treatment-related decisions. A statistical analysis was conducted to determine whether a better patient–physician relationship was associated with higher adherence to therapy. This was performed by univariate group comparison (Mann–Whitney-U, Fishers Exact Test) and logistic regression. Results: A total of 303 persons living with HIV participated in the survey, and 257 patients were included in the analysis. Overall, 27.6% were classified as non-adherent and self-reporting based on whether an antiretroviral therapy (ART) was taken in the past or how often the ART was interrupted. This proportion was significantly higher among patients aged 50–74 years (39.7%) and those with a longer therapy duration (9–15 years: 46.6%; from 15 years on: 55.8%). Therapy-non-adherent patients showed significantly lower scores in the relationship aspects understanding (2.68 vs. 3.03), participation (2.63 vs. 3.07), and perception (3.00 vs. 3.24) compared to adherent patients. Logistic regression analysis confirms that higher scores for understanding, involvement, and perception are strongly associated with a reduction in the risk of becoming non-adherent. This was true for all examined regression models, regardless of whether they were adjusted for the length of therapy and socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: The results reinforce the need for awareness among health care professionals (HCP) regarding understanding, involvement, and perception as important aspects to improve the quality of the patient–physician relationship for high adherence levels with maximized non-adherence in ART management by PLWH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disparities in Chronic Disease among Vulnerable Groups and Solutions)
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