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Advances in Forest Tree Physiology, Breeding and Genetic Research 2.0

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Dear Colleagues,

Recently, there has been much progress in research on trees. However, it remains vital to deepen our knowledge of forest trees’ molecular mechanisms. From metabolism and compounds to genetic exploration and the regulation of key traits, all have largely extended our understanding of trees’ molecular biology. Exploring trees’ molecular mechanisms may provide us with strategies to promote tree adaptation and benefit human society. This Special Issue of IJMS, titled “Advances in Forest Tree Physiology, Breeding and Genetic Research”, covers many physiological, cellular and molecular research topics, including growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses in trees. A major criterion for acceptance of papers is the study providing substantial insight into molecular mechanisms or describing new pathways governing trees’ biological processes. We also welcome submissions related to research into woody species.

This Special Issue will be supervised by Prof. Dr. Chenghao Li and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Jingli Yang (Northeast Forestry University).

Prof. Dr. Chenghao Li
Guest Editor

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Keywords

forest tree
physiology
genetic
biotic and abiotic stress
poplar
growth

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Research

18 pages, 8812 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Uncovering PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 Promoting Root Development Based on Genome-Wide Analysis

by Changhong Mu, Wenlong Cheng, Hui Fang, Ruiman Geng, Jutang Jiang, Zhanchao Cheng and Jian Gao

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7190; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137190 - 29 Jun 2024

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Abstract

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), renowned for its rapid growth, is attributed to the dynamic changes in its apical meristem. The CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) family genes are known to play crucial roles in regulating meristem and organ formation in model plants, but their functions in Moso bamboo remain unclear. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of the CLE gene family of Moso bamboo and investigated their gene structure, chromosomal localization, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns. A total of 11 PheCLE genes were identified, all of which contained a conserved CLE peptide core functional motif (Motif 1) at their C-termini. Based on Arabidopsis classification criteria, these genes were predominantly distributed in Groups A–C. Collinearity analysis unveiled significant synteny among CLE genes in Moso bamboo, rice, and maize, implying potential functional conservation during monocot evolution. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant expression of these genes in the apical tissues of Moso bamboo, including root tips, shoot tips, rhizome buds, and flower buds. Particularly, single-cell transcriptomic data and in situ hybridization further corroborated the heightened expression of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 in the apical tissue of basal roots. Additionally, the overexpression of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 in rice markedly promoted root growth. PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 were both located on the cell membrane. Furthermore, the upstream transcription factors NAC9 and NAC6 exhibited binding affinity toward the promoters of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10, thereby facilitating their transcriptional activation. In summary, this study not only systematically identified the CLE gene family in Moso bamboo for the first time but also emphasized their central roles in apical tissue development. This provides a valuable theoretical foundation for the further exploration of functional peptides and their signaling regulatory networks in bamboo species. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Forest Tree Physiology, Breeding and Genetic Research 2.0)

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20 pages, 6233 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Functional Characterization of PmDXR, a Critical Rate-Limiting Enzyme, for Turpentine Biosynthesis in Masson Pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.)

by Rong Li, Lingzhi Zhu, Peizhen Chen, Yu Chen, Qingqing Hao, Peihuang Zhu and Kongshu Ji

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4415; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084415 - 17 Apr 2024

Viewed by 690

Abstract

As one of the largest and most diverse classes of specialized metabolites in plants, terpenoids (oprenoid compounds, a type of bio-based material) are widely used in the fields of medicine and light chemical products. They are the most important secondary metabolites in coniferous species and play an important role in the defense system of conifers. Terpene synthesis can be promoted by regulating the expressions of terpene synthase genes, and the terpene biosynthesis pathway has basically been clarified in Pinus massoniana, in which there are multiple rate-limiting enzymes and the rate-limiting steps are difficult to determine, so the terpene synthase gene regulation mechanism has become a hot spot in research. Herein, we amplified a PmDXR gene (GenBank accession no. MK969119.1) of the MEP pathway (methyl-erythritol 4-phosphate) from Pinus massoniana. The DXR enzyme activity and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents of overexpressed Arabidopsis showed positive regulation. The PmDXR gene promoter was a tissue-specific promoter and can respond to ABA, MeJA and GA stresses to drive the expression of the GUS reporter gene in N. benthamiana. The DXR enzyme was identified as a key rate-limiting enzyme in the MEP pathway and an effective target for terpene synthesis regulation in coniferous species, which can further lay the theoretical foundation for the molecularly assisted selection of high-yielding lipid germplasm of P. massoniana, as well as provide help in the pathogenesis of pine wood nematode disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Forest Tree Physiology, Breeding and Genetic Research 2.0)

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