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Lipidomics of Human Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 7443

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083, USA
Interests: lipid immunology
Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083, USA
Interests: neuroimmunology; neuropathology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Long Chain Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (LC-PUFAs) have been recognized as modulators of the immune system for a long time. The balance between ω-3 and ω-6 LC-PUFAs is thought to influence the overall characteristics of the immune response. Despite the extensive research on the anti-inflammatory nature of the most common ω-3 LC-PUFAs, DHA and EPA, establishing an optimal balance between the various ω-3 and ω-6 LC-PUFAs has been challenging. Our understanding of how LC-PUFAs are depleted during chronic infections is limited. Peroxidation of LC-PUFAs during digestion and the impact on their bioavailability is another area of continued research. Formulations of LC-PUFAs that minimize peroxidation and increase bioavailability is an additional area under exploration.

The objective of this special issue is to bring together the most current research findings relating to LC-PUFAs and their influence on the immune system.

Dr. Evros Vassiliou
Dr. Rana Zeine
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • docosahexaenoic acid
  • eicosapentaenoic acid
  • arachidonic acid
  • inflammation
  • prostaglandins
  • apoptosis
  • bioavailability
  • peroxidation
  • reactive oxygen species

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 7303 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Plasma Lipid Profile and Cognitive Status in Early Alzheimer Disease
by Carmen Peña-Bautista, Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez, Gemma García-Lluch, Luis Raga, Paola Quevedo, Mar Peretó, Angel Balaguer, Miguel Baquero and Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5317; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105317 - 13 May 2024
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Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and complex disease in which different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved. This heterogenicity can be reflected in different atrophy patterns or clinical manifestations. Regarding biochemical pathways involved in early AD, lipid metabolism plays an important role; therefore, lipid [...] Read more.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and complex disease in which different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved. This heterogenicity can be reflected in different atrophy patterns or clinical manifestations. Regarding biochemical pathways involved in early AD, lipid metabolism plays an important role; therefore, lipid levels have been evaluated as potential AD diagnosis biomarkers, and their levels could be related to different AD clinical manifestations. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study AD lipid profiles from early AD patients and evaluate their clinical significance. For this purpose, untargeted plasma lipidomic analysis was carried out in early AD patients (n = 31) diagnosed with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Cluster analysis was carried out to define early AD subgroups according to the lipid levels. Then, the clinical significance of each lipid profile subgroup was studied, analyzing differences for other variables (cognitive status, CSF biomarkers, medication, comorbidities, age, and gender). The cluster analysis revealed two different groups of AD patients. Cluster 1 showed higher levels of plasma lipids and better cognitive status than Cluster 2. However, no differences were found for the other variables (age, gender, medication, comorbidities, cholesterol, and triglycerides levels) between both groups. Plasma lipid levels could differentiate two early AD subgroups, which showed different cognitive statuses. However, further research with a large cohort and longitudinal study evaluating the clinical evolution of these patients is required. In general, it would involve a relevant advance in the knowledge of AD pathological mechanisms, potential treatments, and precision medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipidomics of Human Disease)
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Review

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12 pages, 844 KiB  
Review
Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties of Thyme Oil and Its Main Constituents
by Evros Vassiliou, Oreoluwa Awoleye, Amanda Davis and Sasmita Mishra
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 6936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24086936 - 8 Apr 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6468
Abstract
Thyme oil (TO) is derived from the flowers of various plants belonging to the genus Thymus. It has been used as a therapeutic agent since ancient times. Thymus comprises numerous molecular species exhibiting diverse therapeutic properties that are dependent on their biologically [...] Read more.
Thyme oil (TO) is derived from the flowers of various plants belonging to the genus Thymus. It has been used as a therapeutic agent since ancient times. Thymus comprises numerous molecular species exhibiting diverse therapeutic properties that are dependent on their biologically active concentrations in the extracted oil. It is therefore not surprising that oils extracted from different thyme plants present different therapeutic properties. Furthermore, the phenophase of the same plant species has been shown to yield different anti-inflammatory properties. Given the proven efficacy of TO and the diversity of its constituents, a better understanding of the interactions of the various components is warranted. The aim of this review is to gather the latest research findings regarding TO and its components with respect to their immunomodulatory properties. An optimization of the various components has the potential to yield more effective thyme formulations with increased potency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipidomics of Human Disease)
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