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Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Genome Stability

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 2687

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
Interests: DNA damage; DNA repair; DNA replication; cell cycle checkpoint; circadian clock; nucleotide excision repair; ATR pathway
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The study of genome stability encompasses a broad spectrum of research areas, from genetics and molecular biology to biochemistry and bioinformatics. Its aim is to unravel the intricacies of genetic maintenance mechanisms, shedding light on their profound implications for health, notably in the realms of cancer, aging, and genetic disorders. The DNA damage response is a complex network of cellular mechanisms designed to detect, signal, and repair DNA lesions, playing a central role in maintaining genome stability by safeguarding the integrity of the genetic material. Unraveling the causes and consequences of genomic instability and its allied DNA damage response not only yields profound insights but also paves the way for targeted therapies and interventions.

Relevant topics for this collection may include the identification of novel genes associated with genome stability/instability, cutting-edge technologies for dissecting DNA damage response, and computational approaches for scrutinizing vast genomic datasets. Key focal points extend to DNA repair, replication, and recombination mechanisms, ATR/ATM checkpoint, and the impact of both internal and external genotoxins on genome stability.

Prof. Dr. Tae-Hong Kang
Prof. Dr. Lasse Lindahl
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • genome stability
  • DNA damage response
  • DNA repair
  • DNA replication
  • DNA recombination
  • ATR/ATM pathway
  • GENOTOXINS

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2511 KiB  
Article
PCNA Unloading Is Crucial for the Bypass of DNA Lesions Using Homologous Recombination
by Matan Arbel-Groissman, Batia Liefshitz, Nir Katz, Maxim Kuryachiy and Martin Kupiec
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3359; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063359 - 15 Mar 2024
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Abstract
DNA Damage Tolerance (DDT) mechanisms allow cells to bypass lesions in the DNA during replication. This allows the cells to progress normally through the cell cycle in the face of abnormalities in their DNA. PCNA, a homotrimeric sliding clamp complex, plays a central [...] Read more.
DNA Damage Tolerance (DDT) mechanisms allow cells to bypass lesions in the DNA during replication. This allows the cells to progress normally through the cell cycle in the face of abnormalities in their DNA. PCNA, a homotrimeric sliding clamp complex, plays a central role in the coordination of various processes during DNA replication, including the choice of mechanism used during DNA damage bypass. Mono-or poly-ubiquitination of PCNA facilitates an error-prone or an error-free bypass mechanism, respectively. In contrast, SUMOylation recruits the Srs2 helicase, which prevents local homologous recombination. The Elg1 RFC-like complex plays an important role in unloading PCNA from the chromatin. We analyze the interaction of mutations that destabilize PCNA with mutations in the Elg1 clamp unloader and the Srs2 helicase. Our results suggest that, in addition to its role as a coordinator of bypass mechanisms, the very presence of PCNA on the chromatin prevents homologous recombination, even in the absence of the Srs2 helicase. Thus, PCNA unloading seems to be a pre-requisite for recombinational repair. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Genome Stability)
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Review

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17 pages, 2056 KiB  
Review
Helicase HELQ: Molecular Characters Fit for DSB Repair Function
by Yuqin Zhao, Kaiping Hou, Yu Liu, Yinan Na, Chao Li, Haoyuan Luo and Hailong Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(16), 8634; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168634 - 8 Aug 2024
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Abstract
The protein sequence and spatial structure of DNA helicase HELQ are highly conserved, spanning from archaea to humans. Aside from its helicase activity, which is based on DNA binding and translocation, it has also been recently reconfirmed that human HELQ possesses DNA–strand–annealing activity, [...] Read more.
The protein sequence and spatial structure of DNA helicase HELQ are highly conserved, spanning from archaea to humans. Aside from its helicase activity, which is based on DNA binding and translocation, it has also been recently reconfirmed that human HELQ possesses DNA–strand–annealing activity, similar to that of the archaeal HELQ homolog StoHjm. These biochemical functions play an important role in regulating various double–strand break (DSB) repair pathways, as well as multiple steps in different DSB repair processes. HELQ primarily facilitates repair in end–resection–dependent DSB repair pathways, such as homologous recombination (HR), single–strand annealing (SSA), microhomology–mediated end joining (MMEJ), as well as the sub-pathways’ synthesis–dependent strand annealing (SDSA) and break–induced replication (BIR) within HR. The biochemical functions of HELQ are significant in end resection and its downstream pathways, such as strand invasion, DNA synthesis, and gene conversion. Different biochemical activities are required to support DSB repair at various stages. This review focuses on the functional studies of the biochemical roles of HELQ during different stages of diverse DSB repair pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Genome Stability)
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21 pages, 4560 KiB  
Review
Cosmic Ionizing Radiation: A DNA Damaging Agent That May Underly Excess Cancer in Flight Crews
by Sneh M. Toprani, Christopher Scheibler, Irina Mordukhovich, Eileen McNeely and Zachary D. Nagel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7670; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147670 - 12 Jul 2024
Viewed by 908
Abstract
In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration has officially classified flight crews (FC) consisting of commercial pilots, cabin crew, or flight attendants as “radiation workers” since 1994 due to the potential for cosmic ionizing radiation (CIR) exposure at cruising altitudes originating from [...] Read more.
In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration has officially classified flight crews (FC) consisting of commercial pilots, cabin crew, or flight attendants as “radiation workers” since 1994 due to the potential for cosmic ionizing radiation (CIR) exposure at cruising altitudes originating from solar activity and galactic sources. Several epidemiological studies have documented elevated incidence and mortality for several cancers in FC, but it has not yet been possible to establish whether this is attributable to CIR. CIR and its constituents are known to cause a myriad of DNA lesions, which can lead to carcinogenesis unless DNA repair mechanisms remove them. But critical knowledge gaps exist with regard to the dosimetry of CIR, the role of other genotoxic exposures among FC, and whether possible biological mechanisms underlying higher cancer rates observed in FC exist. This review summarizes our understanding of the role of DNA damage and repair responses relevant to exposure to CIR in FC. We aimed to stimulate new research directions and provide information that will be useful for guiding regulatory, public health, and medical decision-making to protect and mitigate the risks for those who travel by air. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Genome Stability)
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