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Rice Molecular Breeding and Genetics: 3rd Edition
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Rice Molecular Breeding and Genetics: 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 2230

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Deyong Ren

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
Interests: seed size; grain yield; stress tolerance; plant development; gene cloning; functional analysis; molecular breeding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bread is an integral food source for people all over the world, and ensuring food security and successful agricultural production is a major issue related to economic development and social stability. With the increasing global population, climate warming, environmental pollution, and farmland degradation, global food production must increase by 70% by 2050 to ensure food supply. Germplasm resources are the “chips” that ensure the security of food production. However, their key problem concerns excavating and innovating gene and germplasm resources and breaking through the limitations of conventional breeding by using biological frontier technology for accurate and efficient breeding. In view of the urgent problems regarding yield and quality, the large-scale cracking of genetic code, exploring functional genes with important breeding value, and the in-depth analyses of their molecular regulatory networks are of great significance for breeding new varieties for the rapid aggregation of excellent alleles.

Dr. Deyong Ren
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • molecular genetics and breeding
  • cell biology
  • genetic resource innovation
  • gene cloning
  • genome editing
  • abiotic stress tolerance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3293 KiB  
Article
Characterization of the ddt1 Mutant in Rice and Its Impact on Plant Height Reduction and Water Use Efficiency
by Banpu Ruan, Yaohuang Jiang, Yingying Ma, Menghao Zhou, Fei Chen, Yanli Zhang, Yanchun Yu and Limin Wu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7629; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147629 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 615
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a fundamental global staple, nourishes over half of the world’s population. The identification of the ddt1 mutant in rice through EMS mutagenesis of the indica cultivar Shuhui527 revealed a dwarf phenotype, characterized by reduced plant height, smaller grain [...] Read more.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a fundamental global staple, nourishes over half of the world’s population. The identification of the ddt1 mutant in rice through EMS mutagenesis of the indica cultivar Shuhui527 revealed a dwarf phenotype, characterized by reduced plant height, smaller grain size, and decreased grain weight. Detailed phenotypic analysis and map-based cloning pinpointed the mutation to a single-base transversion in the LOC_Os03g04680 gene, encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme, which results in a premature termination of the protein. Functional complementation tests confirmed LOC_Os03g04680 as the DDT1 gene responsible for the observed phenotype. We further demonstrated that the ddt1 mutation leads to significant alterations in gibberellic acid (GA) metabolism and signal transduction, evidenced by the differential expression of key GA-related genes such as OsGA20OX2, OsGA20OX3, and SLR1. The mutant also displayed enhanced drought tolerance, as indicated by higher survival rates, reduced water loss, and rapid stomatal closure under drought conditions. This increased drought resistance was linked to the mutant’s improved antioxidant capacity, with elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes and higher expression levels of related genes. Our findings suggest that DDT1 plays a crucial role in regulating both plant height and drought stress responses. The potential for using gene editing of DDT1 to mitigate the dwarf phenotype while retaining improved drought resistance offers promising avenues for rice improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Molecular Breeding and Genetics: 3rd Edition)
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14 pages, 1823 KiB  
Article
Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of a New Rice Mutant, Leaf Tip Senescence 2
by Yongtao Cui, Jian Song, Liqun Tang, Xiaozheng Xu, Xinlu Peng, Honghuan Fan and Jianjun Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7082; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137082 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1246
Abstract
Premature leaf senescence significantly reduces rice yields. Despite identifying numerous factors influencing these processes, the intricate genetic regulatory networks governing leaf senescence demand further exploration. We report the characterization of a stably inherited, ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-induced rice mutant with wilted leaf tips from seedling [...] Read more.
Premature leaf senescence significantly reduces rice yields. Despite identifying numerous factors influencing these processes, the intricate genetic regulatory networks governing leaf senescence demand further exploration. We report the characterization of a stably inherited, ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-induced rice mutant with wilted leaf tips from seedling till harvesting, designated lts2. This mutant exhibits dwarfism and early senescence at the leaf tips and margins from the seedling stage when compared to the wild type. Furthermore, lts2 displays a substantial decline in both photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of numerous osmiophilic granules in chloroplast cells near the senescent leaf tips, indicative of advanced cellular senescence. There was also a significant accumulation of H2O2, alongside the up-regulation of senescence-associated genes within the leaf tissues. Genetic mapping situated lts2 between SSR markers Q1 and L12, covering a physical distance of approximately 212 kb in chr.1. No similar genes controlling a premature senescence leaf phenotype have been identified in the region, and subsequent DNA and bulk segregant analysis (BSA) sequencing analyses only identified a single nucleotide substitution (C-T) in the exon of LOC_Os01g35860. These findings position the lts2 mutant as a valuable genetic model for elucidating chlorophyll metabolism and for further functional analysis of the gene in rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Molecular Breeding and Genetics: 3rd Edition)
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