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Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0
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Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 18435

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Kristy Murray

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital One Baylor Plaza, BCM 320, Houston, TX, USA
Interests: vector-borne and zoonotic diseases; West Nile; dengue; chagas; rabies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Philippe Desprès

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249. Technology platform CYROI, 2 rueMaxime Rivière, 97491 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
Interests: molecular virology; mosquito-borne RNA virus; viral pathogenicity; viral disease; host-virus interactions; viral diagnosis; vaccine; antiviral compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous successful Special Issue, “Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/arbovirus)”.

Mosquito-transmitted RNA viruses (arboviruses), such as dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, Zika, chikungunya, Ross River, and Rift Valley fever, are becoming major public health concerns due to their global dispersion. In the context of increasing numbers of outbreaks and severity of infection, it is urgent to understand the mechanisms underlying enhanced virulence of arboviruses in humans. Consequently, molecular research is important for improving our knowledge of viral and cellular factors that impact the pathogenicity of arboviruses in their mosquito vectors and mammalian hosts, including humans. In addition, the analysis of interdependent consequences of viral factors and host responses has the potential to reveal important pathways involved in the pathogenicity of arboviruses in humans. In this Special Issue, the contributors are warmly invited to publish their research works on molecular biology of arboviruses, molecular basis of their pathogenicity in link with the host–cell response to infection, and innate immune evasion strategies in arthropod vectors and mammalian hosts.

Prof. Kristy Murray
Prof. Philippe Desprès
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • arboviruses
  • dengue
  • Japanese encephalitis virus
  • yellow fever virus
  • West Nile virus
  • Zika virus
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Ross River virus
  • Rift Valley Fever virus
  • molecular virology
  • host-virus interactions
  • antiviral immunity
  • viral pathogenicity

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 15650 KiB  
Article
Zika Virus Growth in Human Kidney Cells Is Restricted by an Elevated Glucose Level
by Alawiya Reslan, Juliano G. Haddad, Liadrine Moukendza Koundi, Philippe Desprès, Jean-Loup Bascands and Gilles Gadea
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(5), 2495; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052495 - 2 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2422
Abstract
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) became a real threat to human health due to the lack of vaccine and effective antiviral treatment. The virus has recently been responsible for a global outbreak leading to millions of infected cases. ZIKV complications were highlighted in adults [...] Read more.
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) became a real threat to human health due to the lack of vaccine and effective antiviral treatment. The virus has recently been responsible for a global outbreak leading to millions of infected cases. ZIKV complications were highlighted in adults with Guillain–Barré syndrome and in newborns with increasing numbers of congenital disorders ranging from mild developmental delays to fatal conditions. The ability of ZIKV to establish a long-term infection in diverse organs including the kidneys has been recently documented but the consequences of such a viral infection are still debated. Our study aimed to determine whether the efficiency of ZIKV growth in kidney cells relates to glucose concentration. Human kidney HK-2 cells were infected with different ZIKV strains in presence of normal and high glucose concentrations. Virological assays showed a decrease in viral replication without modifying entry steps (viral binding, internalization, fusion) under high glucose conditions. This decrease replication was associated with a lower virus progeny and increased cell viability when compared to ZIKV-infected HK-2 cells in normal glucose concentration. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that an elevated glucose level influences ZIKV replication level with an effect on kidney cell survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0)
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16 pages, 4408 KiB  
Article
Instability of the NS1 Glycoprotein from La Reunion 2018 Dengue 2 Virus (Cosmopolitan-1 Genotype) in Huh7 Cells Is Due to Lysine Residues on Positions 272 and 324
by Eva Ogire, Olivier Diaz, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Vincent Lotteau, Philippe Desprès and Marjolaine Roche
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1951; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041951 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2581
Abstract
La Reunion island in the South West Indian Ocean is now endemic for dengue following the introduction of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) cosmopolitan-I genotype in 2017. DENV-2 infection causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from flu-like disease to severe dengue. [...] Read more.
La Reunion island in the South West Indian Ocean is now endemic for dengue following the introduction of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) cosmopolitan-I genotype in 2017. DENV-2 infection causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from flu-like disease to severe dengue. The nonstructural glycoprotein 1 (NS1) has been identified as playing a key role in dengue disease severity. The intracellular NS1 exists as a homodimer, whereas a fraction is driven towards the plasma membrane or released as a soluble hexameric protein. Here, we characterized the NS1 glycoproteins from clinical isolates DES-14 and RUN-18 that were collected during the DENV-2 epidemics in Tanzania in 2014 and La Reunion island in 2018, respectively. In relation to hepatotropism of the DENV, expression of recombinant DES-14 NS1 and RUN-18 NS1 glycoproteins was compared in human hepatoma Huh7 cells. We observed that RUN-18 NS1 was poorly stable in Huh7 cells compared to DES-14 NS1. The instability of RUN-18 NS1 leading to a low level of NS1 secretion mostly relates to lysine residues on positions 272 and 324. Our data raise the issue of the consequences of a defect in NS1 stability in human hepatocytes in relation to the major role of NS1 in the pathogenesis of the DENV-2 infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0)
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15 pages, 1999 KiB  
Article
Zika M Oligopeptide ZAMP Confers Cell Death-Promoting Capability to a Soluble Tumor-Associated Antigen through Caspase-3/7 Activation
by Bénédicte Vanwalscappel, Juliano G. Haddad, Roba Almokdad, Jason Decotter, Gilles Gadea and Philippe Desprès
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(24), 9578; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249578 - 16 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus of medical concern associated with neurological disorders. ZIKV utilizes apoptosis as a mechanism of cell killing. The structural M protein may play a role in flavivirus-induced apoptosis. The death-promoting capability of M has been restricted [...] Read more.
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus of medical concern associated with neurological disorders. ZIKV utilizes apoptosis as a mechanism of cell killing. The structural M protein may play a role in flavivirus-induced apoptosis. The death-promoting capability of M has been restricted to an oligopeptide representing the residues M-32/40. Here, we evaluated the apoptosis inducing ability of the residues M-31/41 of ZIKV. The ZIKV M oligopeptide was associated to a soluble form of GFP (sGFP) and the resulting sGFP-M31/41 construct was assessed in Huh7 cells. Expression of sGFP-M31/41 can trigger apoptosis in Huh7 cells through caspase-3/7 activation. The translocation of sGFP-M31/41 in the endoplasmic reticulum was a prerequisite for apoptosis induction. The residues M-33/35/38 may play a critical role in the death-promoting activity of sGFP-M31/41. The effect of ZIKV M oligopeptide defined as ZAMP (for Zika Apoptosis M Peptide) on expression of a tumor-associated antigen was assayed on megakaryocyte-potentiating factor (MPF). Expression of MPF-ZAMP construct resulted in caspase-associated apoptosis activation in A549 and Huh7 cells. ZIKV has been proposed as an oncolytic virus for cancer therapy. The ability of the Zika M oligopeptide to confer death-promoting capability to MPF opens up attractive perspectives for ZAMP as an innovative anticancer agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0)
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13 pages, 1381 KiB  
Article
The Lethal(2)-Essential-for-Life [L(2)EFL] Gene Family Modulates Dengue Virus Infection in Aedes aegypti
by Lucky R. Runtuwene, Shuichi Kawashima, Victor D. Pijoh, Josef S. B. Tuda, Kyoko Hayashida, Junya Yamagishi, Chihiro Sugimoto, Shoko Nishiyama, Michihito Sasaki, Yasuko Orba, Hirofumi Sawa, Tomohiko Takasaki, Anthony A. James, Takashi Kobayashi and Yuki Eshita
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(20), 7520; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207520 - 12 Oct 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3381
Abstract
Efforts to determine the mosquito genes that affect dengue virus replication have identified a number of candidates that positively or negatively modify amplification in the invertebrate host. We used deep sequencing to compare the differential transcript abundances in Aedes aegypti 14 days post [...] Read more.
Efforts to determine the mosquito genes that affect dengue virus replication have identified a number of candidates that positively or negatively modify amplification in the invertebrate host. We used deep sequencing to compare the differential transcript abundances in Aedes aegypti 14 days post dengue infection to those of uninfected A. aegypti. The gene lethal(2)-essential-for-life [l(2)efl], which encodes a member of the heat shock 20 protein (HSP20) family, was upregulated following dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) infection in vivo. The transcripts of this gene did not exhibit differential accumulation in mosquitoes exposed to insecticides or pollutants. The induction and overexpression of l(2)efl gene products using poly(I:C) resulted in decreased DENV-2 replication in the cell line. In contrast, the RNAi-mediated suppression of l(2)efl gene products resulted in enhanced DENV-2 replication, but this enhancement occurred only if multiple l(2)efl genes were suppressed. l(2)efl homologs induce the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and we confirmed this finding in the cell line. However, the mechanism by which l(2)efl phosphorylates eIF2α remains unclear. We conclude that l(2)efl encodes a potential anti-dengue protein in the vector mosquito. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0)
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Review

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35 pages, 4179 KiB  
Review
Molecular Determinants of West Nile Virus Virulence and Pathogenesis in Vertebrate and Invertebrate Hosts
by Lise Fiacre, Nonito Pagès, Emmanuel Albina, Jennifer Richardson, Sylvie Lecollinet and Gaëlle Gonzalez
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(23), 9117; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239117 - 30 Nov 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 6983
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV), like the dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), are major arboviruses belonging to the Flavivirus genus. WNV is emerging or endemic in many countries around the world, affecting humans and other vertebrates. Since 1999, it has been [...] Read more.
West Nile virus (WNV), like the dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), are major arboviruses belonging to the Flavivirus genus. WNV is emerging or endemic in many countries around the world, affecting humans and other vertebrates. Since 1999, it has been considered to be a major public and veterinary health problem, causing diverse pathologies, ranging from a mild febrile state to severe neurological damage and death. WNV is transmitted in a bird–mosquito–bird cycle, and can occasionally infect humans and horses, both highly susceptible to the virus but considered dead-end hosts. Many studies have investigated the molecular determinants of WNV virulence, mainly with the ultimate objective of guiding vaccine development. Several vaccines are used in horses in different parts of the world, but there are no licensed WNV vaccines for humans, suggesting the need for greater understanding of the molecular determinants of virulence and antigenicity in different hosts. Owing to technical and economic considerations, WNV virulence factors have essentially been studied in rodent models, and the results cannot always be transported to mosquito vectors or to avian hosts. In this review, the known molecular determinants of WNV virulence, according to invertebrate (mosquitoes) or vertebrate hosts (mammalian and avian), are presented and discussed. This overview will highlight the differences and similarities found between WNV hosts and models, to provide a foundation for the prediction and anticipation of WNV re-emergence and its risk of global spread. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Emerging Mosquito-Transmitted RNA Viruses 2.0)
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