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Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment/Management of Sleep Bruxism
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Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment/Management of Sleep Bruxism

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 June 2024) | Viewed by 5419

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Michelle A. Ommerborn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
Interests: sleep bruxism; clinical trials; diagnostic systems; management approaches; pain perception; painful TMD; minimally invasive dentistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue is dedicated to the topic of clinical diagnosis and treatment of sleep bruxism, a scientific field that is still of tremendous interest for the clinician as well as for the scientist. Although numerous studies have contributed to a differentiated view of sleep bruxism, nowadays being considered rather as a behavior than as an independent disorder, several issues remain to be addressed. For instance, keeping in mind the multifactorial nature of the genesis of sleep bruxism, it would be desirable to further increase the knowledge of factors modulating the magnitude of this activity. This may also include alternative approaches, such as the consideration of psychosomatic aspects in the assessment and management of sleep bruxism activity. Moreover, investigating the possible conditions that promote the shift from a parafunctional activity into a manifest painful temporomandibular disorder represents another field of ongoing interest. A further aspect focuses on prevention. In particular, the early recognition of original sleep bruxism activity prior to the occurrence of its secondary damages, such as generalized tooth attrition, would bridge the gap towards preventive dentistry. Indeed, novel approaches have been presented that aimed at simplifying the estimation of sleep bruxism. Depending on the combination of validity and practicability, their further application for both research purposes and use in the dental practice will be interesting to see. In this context, possible new aspects or calculations in the polysomnographic assessment of sleep bruxism may also be valuable.

Given your expertise in this topic, it is my great pleasure to invite you to contribute a paper (original research article or review) to this Special Issue.

Dr. Michelle A. Ommerborn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sleep bruxism
  • diagnosis
  • clinical trial
  • treatment
  • complementary therapies
  • etiology
  • psychosomatic aspects

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 671 KiB  
Article
Sleep Bruxism and Sleep Structure in Comorbid Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (COMISA) Syndrome: A Polysomnographic Study
by Bartlomiej Blaszczyk, Miguel Meira e Cruz, Marta Waliszewska-Prosol, Mieszko Wieckiewicz, Dorian Nowacki, Justyna Kanclerska, Gabriella Lachowicz, Anna Wojakowska, Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska, Jakub Przegralek, Joanna Smardz, Katarzyna Antosz, Grzegorz Mazur and Helena Martynowicz
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3154; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113154 - 28 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1433
Abstract
Introduction: Comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA) is not a well-identified sleep disorder, despite having a significant impact on health. This study investigates the relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and sleep architecture in patients with COMISA, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and in [...] Read more.
Introduction: Comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA) is not a well-identified sleep disorder, despite having a significant impact on health. This study investigates the relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and sleep architecture in patients with COMISA, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and in those without any sleep disorders. Methods: 119 patients were included in the study and divided into three groups: OSA, COMISA, and a control group. Polysomnographic (PSG) examination provided parameters related to sleep architecture, OSA, and characteristics of SB. Results: The bruxism episode index (BEI) and other SB parameters were not found to be statistically different between the three groups (p > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in measured sleep architecture between the COMISA and OSA groups (p > 0.05). In comparison to the control group, participants in the COMISA group were found to have an increased apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), all arousals (AA), and respiratory arousals (RA) (p < 0.05). Among COMISA patients, AA and RA were shown to have a positive linear correlation with the number of bradycardia events per hour (r = 0.49, r = 0.48, p < 0.05). Conclusions: SB does not occur in patients with COMISA more frequently than in patients with OSA or those without any sleep disorders. PSG parameters are not specific for COMISA; therefore, in order to differentiate this disorder from OSA alone, a comprehensive patient assessment has to be performed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment/Management of Sleep Bruxism)
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12 pages, 284 KiB  
Article
Inflammatory Markers and Sleep Architecture in Sleep Bruxism—A Case-Control Study
by Michal Fulek, Mieszko Wieckiewicz, Anna Szymanska-Chabowska, Pawel Gac, Rafal Poreba, Iwona Markiewicz-Gorka, Anna Wojakowska, Grzegorz Mazur and Helena Martynowicz
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 687; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030687 - 25 Jan 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1769
Abstract
Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a common sleep-related movement behavior with a multifaceted etiology and a deficiently understood pathophysiology. A recent hypothesis suggests a link between SB and systemic inflammation. The scope of the study was to determine whether bruxers have altered sleep [...] Read more.
Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a common sleep-related movement behavior with a multifaceted etiology and a deficiently understood pathophysiology. A recent hypothesis suggests a link between SB and systemic inflammation. The scope of the study was to determine whether bruxers have altered sleep structure and different levels of inflammatory parameters compared to nonbruxers. Methods: A total of 83 adults underwent full-night polysomnography. The polysomnograms were evaluated using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guidelines. Then, the blood samples were obtained from the participants by venipuncture and the analyses were performed. The study group was divided based on bruxism episode index (BEI) into two groups: BEI ≤ 4 and BEI > 4. Results: In comparison with nonbruxers, the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was significantly higher in severe bruxers (7.5 ± 11.08 vs. 3.33 ± 5.75, p < 0.005), as well as the arousal parameters (7.77 ± 4.68 vs. 4.03 ± 2.97, p < 0.001), and the mean oxygen desaturation (3.49 ± 0.69 vs. 3.01 ± 0.67, p < 0.05). Moreover, the differences in sleep architecture and deprivation of the deep sleep phase were observed, the non-REM sleep stage 3 was significantly shorter in severe bruxers (p < 0.03). Differences were also noted in non-REM sleep stage 1 and REM sleep phase. In the investigated group, there were no statistical differences in inflammatory cytokines levels between bruxers and nonbruxers. Conclusions: Sleep bruxism is associated with sleep structure alterations and may be associated with deep sleep phase deprivation. The inflammatory markers are not linearly correlated with the severity of sleep bruxism expressed as BEI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment/Management of Sleep Bruxism)
13 pages, 410 KiB  
Article
Association between Psychological Distress and Possible, Probable, and Definite Sleep Bruxism—A Comparison of Approved Diagnostic Procedures
by Nicole Pascale Walentek, Ralf Schäfer, Nora Bergmann, Michael Franken and Michelle Alicia Ommerborn
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(2), 638; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020638 - 22 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1621
Abstract
(1) Background: The relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and psychological distress has been investigated in numerous studies and is heterogeneous. Different diagnostic procedures have been applied to determine SB. The aim of this study was to directly compare the association between psychological distress [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and psychological distress has been investigated in numerous studies and is heterogeneous. Different diagnostic procedures have been applied to determine SB. The aim of this study was to directly compare the association between psychological distress and SB diagnosed by different accepted methods. (2) Methods: Data of N = 45 subjects were analyzed, including group comparisons and correlation analyses. Following diagnostic methods for the determination of SB were used in one sample: self-report, clinical assessment, polysomnography with audio–video recording and a novel diagnostic sheet with analyzing software. Psychological distress was measured using the global severity index (GSI) of the Symptom Checklist-90-Standard (SCL-90-S). (3) Results: The GSI did not differ significantly between subjects with and without SB, regardless of the underlying diagnostic classification (p > 0.05). In-depth correlation analyses of self-report and clinical data revealed a weak-to-medium correlation with the GSI (r = 0.12–0.44). Due to non-normally distributed data, a test of statistical significance was not possible. Variables of instrumental methods such as the SB index (amount of SB activity per hour) of polysomnography (PSG) showed almost no correlation with psychological distress (r = −0.06–0.05). (4) Conclusions: Despite these limitations, the results provide an indication that the choice of diagnostic procedure may elucidate the variance in the correlation between SB and psychological distress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment/Management of Sleep Bruxism)
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