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Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical...
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Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical Improvement

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 15338

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kathryn R. Cullen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
Interests: depression; self-injury; adolescents; neurobiology; treatment; mechanisms

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Depression and self-injurious behavior are serious clinical problems that commonly emerge during the adolescent period and represent significant risk factors for suicide attempts and death by suicide in youth. Currently available evidence-based treatments are not effective for all adolescents struggling with depression and/or self-injury, underscoring the need to expand our tool chest and our ability to tailor treatments to optimally suit particular individuals. The field is just now beginning to understand some of the mechanisms underlying depression and self-injury in adolescents, and these new neurobiological insights can serve to guide novel intervention strategies. The goal of this Special Issue is to update the field on the cutting-edge research on depression and self-injury in adolescents, with a particular focus on research that sheds light on neurobiological mechanisms of disease and of clinical improvement within a neurodevelopmental framework. While papers reporting on unique, multimodal datasets from cross-sectional samples will be considered, we are particularly interested in studies with prospective, longitudinal study designs. Scientific contributions to this collection could include results from clinical trials which examined neurobiological or other relevant mechanisms along with clinical outcomes. Alternatively, insights into mechanisms of disease evolution and/or clinical improvement could be gleaned from results of naturalistic longitudinal studies.

Dr. Kathryn R. Cullen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • depression
  • self-injury
  • adolescent
  • treatment
  • mechanisms
  • clinical improvement

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 288 KiB  
Article
Structural and Functional Neural Correlates of Treatment Response for Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents
by Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Zeynep Başgöze, Bryon Mueller, Andrea Wiglesworth, Kathrine A. Carosella, Melinda Westlund Schreiner, Ana Bortnova, Kristina Reigstad, Kathryn R. Cullen and Meredith Gunlicks-Stoessel
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(7), 1878; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11071878 - 28 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2370
Abstract
Precision medicine approaches hold tremendous promise to advance current clinical practice by providing information about which individuals will benefit from which treatments. This pilot study evaluated if baseline structure and function of the salience and emotion brain regions implicated in adolescent depression, specifically [...] Read more.
Precision medicine approaches hold tremendous promise to advance current clinical practice by providing information about which individuals will benefit from which treatments. This pilot study evaluated if baseline structure and function of the salience and emotion brain regions implicated in adolescent depression, specifically the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), predict response to Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents (IPT-A). Adolescents (n = 15; mean age = 14.5 (1.6); 80.0% female) diagnosed with a depressive disorder completed brain scans before the start of a 16 week trial of IPT-A. Clinical measures assessing depressive symptoms were completed before, during, and after a trial of therapy. Results show that at baseline, greater ACC activation in the context of an emotion-matching task and greater amygdala-ACC resting-state functional connectivity was related to greater improvement in depression symptoms. There was minimal evidence that brain structure predicted changes in depressive symptoms. The present study is the first to evaluate neural predictors of IPT-A response. While the results are preliminary, these findings suggest some avenues for future research to pursue in the hopes that more will benefit from treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical Improvement)
13 pages, 1240 KiB  
Article
Self-Injury in Adolescence Is Associated with Greater Behavioral Risk Avoidance, Not Risk-Taking
by Alina K. Dillahunt, Daniel A. Feldman, Leah R. Thomas, Brian W. Farstead, Summer B. Frandsen, Somi Lee, Myah Pazdera, Jennica Galloway, Katie L. Bessette, Henrietta Roberts, Sheila E. Crowell, Edward R. Watkins, Scott A. Langenecker and Melinda Westlund Schreiner
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(5), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051288 - 26 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2262
Abstract
Strategies to link impulsivity and self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) show highly variable results, and may differ depending on the impulsivity measure used. To better understand this lack of consistency, we investigated correlations between self-report and behavioral impulsivity, inhibitory control, SIBs, and rumination. We included [...] Read more.
Strategies to link impulsivity and self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) show highly variable results, and may differ depending on the impulsivity measure used. To better understand this lack of consistency, we investigated correlations between self-report and behavioral impulsivity, inhibitory control, SIBs, and rumination. We included participants aged 13–17 years with either current or remitted psychopathology who have (n = 31) and who do not have (n = 14) a history of SIBs. Participants completed self-report measures of impulsivity, the Rumination Responsiveness Scale (RRS), and two behavioral measures of impulsivity: the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and Parametric Go/No-Go (PGNG). Lifetime SIBs were positively associated with self-reported impulsivity, specifically positive and negative urgency. However, individuals with greater lifetime SIBs demonstrated greater risk aversion (lower impulsivity) as measured by the BART, whereas there was no relation between lifetime SIBs and PGNG performance. There was no relation between rumination and behavioral impulsivity, although greater rumination was associated with higher negative urgency. Future research examining the role of SIBs in the context of active versus remitted psychopathology is warranted. Because most adolescents were remitted from major depressive disorder at the time of study, follow-up studies can determine if lower risk-taking may aid individuals with more prior SIBs to achieve and maintain a remitted state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical Improvement)
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28 pages, 8938 KiB  
Article
Effect of SSRIs on Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder
by Shu-Hsien Chu, Keshab K. Parhi, Melinda Westlund Schreiner, Christophe Lenglet, Bryon A. Mueller, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan and Kathryn R. Cullen
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(19), 4322; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194322 - 23 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3609
Abstract
Investigation of brain changes in functional connectivity and functional network topology from receiving 8-week selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatments is conducted in 12 unmedicated adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) by using wavelet-filtered resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Changes are observed [...] Read more.
Investigation of brain changes in functional connectivity and functional network topology from receiving 8-week selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatments is conducted in 12 unmedicated adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) by using wavelet-filtered resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Changes are observed in frontal-limbic, temporal, and default mode networks. In particular, topological analysis shows, at the global scale and in the 0.12–0.25 Hz band, that the normalized clustering coefficient and smallworldness of brain networks decreased after treatment. Regional changes in clustering coefficient and efficiency were observed in the bilateral caudal middle frontal gyrus, rostral middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, left pars triangularis, putamen, and right superior frontal gyrus. Furthermore, changes of nodal centrality and changes of connectivity associated with these frontal and temporal regions confirm the global topological alternations. Moreover, frequency dependence is observed from FDR-controlled subnetworks for the limbic-cortical connectivity change. In the high-frequency band, the altered connections involve mostly frontal regions, while the altered connections in the low-frequency bands spread to parietal and temporal areas. Due to the limitation of small sample sizes and lack of placebo control, these preliminary findings require confirmation with future work using larger samples. Confirmation of biomarkers associated with treatment could suggest potential avenues for clinical applications such as tracking treatment response and neurobiologically informed treatment optimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical Improvement)
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18 pages, 1685 KiB  
Article
Examining the Neurobiology of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Children and Adolescents: The Role of Reward Responsivity
by Julia A. C. Case, Matthew Mattoni and Thomas M. Olino
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(16), 3561; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163561 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 6392
Abstract
Although prior work has shown heightened response to negative outcomes and reduced response to positive outcomes in youth with a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), little is known about the neural processes underlying these responses. Thus, this study examined associations between NSSI engagement [...] Read more.
Although prior work has shown heightened response to negative outcomes and reduced response to positive outcomes in youth with a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), little is known about the neural processes underlying these responses. Thus, this study examined associations between NSSI engagement and functional activation in specific regions of interest (ROIs) and whole-brain connectivity between striatal, frontal, and limbic region seeds during monetary and social reward tasks. To test for specificity of the influence of NSSI, analyses were conducted with and without depressive symptoms as a covariate. We found that NSSI was associated with decreased activation following monetary gains in all ROIs, even after controlling for depressive symptoms. Exploratory connectivity analyses found that NSSI was associated with differential connectivity between regions including the DS, vmPFC, insula, and parietal operculum cortex when controlling for depressive symptoms. Disrupted connectivity between these regions could suggest altered inhibitory control of emotions and pain processing in individuals with NSSI. Findings suggest dysfunctional reward processes in youth with NSSI, even very early in the course of the behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depression and Self-Injury in Adolescents: Mechanisms of Disease and Clinical Improvement)
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