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J. Compos. Sci.
Special Issues
Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites
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Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites

A special issue of Journal of Composites Science (ISSN 2504-477X). This special issue belongs to the section "Composites Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2024) | Viewed by 3955

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yi Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: ultra high performance concrete; lightweight concrete; cement-based materials; creep
Prof. Dr. Zijian Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: self-healing materials; microcapsule-mediated self-healing; cementious materials; green anticorrosion techniques for reinforcing steel; conversion film; polymeric coating
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainable cement-based materials can be defined as a type of construction material which has a relatively low environmental impact, can meet building needs, and promotes sustainable development. The preparation and use of these materials aims to reduce carbon emissions, resource consumption, and the generation of waste, and improve these materials’ performance and durability. Currently, the construction industry is facing significant environmental pressures, and sustainable construction materials can be used to reach the industry's goal of becoming environmental friendly, energy efficient, and sustainable. The aim of this Special Issue on "Sustainable Cement-Based Materials" is to compile the latest progress being made in research on the sustainable development of construction materials. The sustainable development of cement-based materials is intricately related to energy conservation and emission reduction as well as to the durability of building materials. Reducing carbon emissions from the production and use of cement-based materials and enhancing their durability are important for promoting sustainable development within the construction industry. This field is mainly focused on methods for designing new materials, and explores the use of energy-saving materials and using alternative binders and aggregates to Portland cement and natural sand, as well as innovative or traditional solutions which can prevent cement-based materials from deteriorating. These solutions include phase-change materials, low-heat Portland cement, insulating materials, geopolymers, nanotechnology, waterproof coatings, self-healing technologies, etc. Furthermore, continuous changes in the environments in which concrete is used have necessitated research into intelligent concrete, which allows for the autonomous monitoring of structural conditions and provides early warning information which can prevent potential safety issues. Therefore, this Special Issue is dedicated to showcasing contributions to promoting the sustainable development of cement-based materials, including original research or review articles that profoundly engage with innovative methods in this domain. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • The fabrication and application of energy-saving construction materials;
  • Lightweight concrete;
  • Recycled concrete;
  • Phase-change materials for use in construction materials;
  • Low-heat Portland cement;
  • Sulfate attack and alkali–aggregate reactions;
  • Corrosion protection for marine construction materials;
  • The durability of high-performance concrete;
  • Microcapsule-based self-healing concrete structures and their environmental impacts;
  • The creep behavior of concrete;
  • The preparation of intelligent concrete;
  • Durability prediction based on artificial intelligence.

Dr. Yi Xu
Prof. Dr. Zijian Song
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Composites Science is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy-saving construction materials
  • lightweight concrete
  • phase change materials
  • low-heat Portland cement
  • durability
  • corrosion
  • creep
  • alkali–aggregate reactions
  • self-healing concrete
  • physically and chemically induced deterioration
  • intelligent concrete

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4452 KiB  
Article
Hollow Concrete Block Based on High-Strength Concrete as a Tool for Reducing the Carbon Footprint in Construction
by Mikhail Elistratkin, Alena Salnikova, Nataliya Alfimova, Natalia Kozhukhova and Elena Pospelova
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(9), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8090358 - 13 Sep 2024
Viewed by 933
Abstract
The production and servicing of cement-based building materials is a source of large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions globally. One of the ways to reduce its negative impact, is to reduce concrete consumption per cubic meter of building structure through the introduction of [...] Read more.
The production and servicing of cement-based building materials is a source of large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions globally. One of the ways to reduce its negative impact, is to reduce concrete consumption per cubic meter of building structure through the introduction of hollow concrete products. At the same time, to maintain the load-bearing capacity of the building structure, it is necessary to significantly increase the strength of the concrete used. However, an increase in strength should be achieved not by increasing cement consumption, but by increasing the efficiency of its use. This research is focused on the development of technology for the production of thin-walled hollow concrete blocks based on high-strength, self-compacting, dispersed, micro-reinforced, fine-grained concrete. The use of this concrete provides 2–2.5 times higher strength in the amount of Portland cement consumed in comparison with ordinary concrete. The formation of external contours and partitions of thin-walled hollow blocks is ensured through the use of disposable formwork or cores used as void formers obtained by FDM 3D printing. This design solution makes it possible to obtain products based on high-strength concrete with higher structural and thermal insulation properties compared to now existing lightweight concrete-based blocks. Another area of application of this technology could be the production of wall structures of free configuration and cross-section due to their division, at the digital modeling stage, into individual element-blocks, manufactured in a factory environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites)
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18 pages, 9769 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Influence of Fiber Content and Geometry on the Flexural Response of Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites
by Dillshad Khidhir Bzeni
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(9), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8090347 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 661
Abstract
This study investigates fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCCs), concentrating on the geometric features of soft micro- and macro-fibers with a lower elastic modulus and higher aspect ratios than steel fibers. There is no literature predicting the ratio of ultimate flexural strength to the initial [...] Read more.
This study investigates fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCCs), concentrating on the geometric features of soft micro- and macro-fibers with a lower elastic modulus and higher aspect ratios than steel fibers. There is no literature predicting the ratio of ultimate flexural strength to the initial cracking strength of FRCC. The composites were made using a cement-to-sand ratio of 1:2.5, with 20% fly ash as a partial substitution and two water-to-binder ratios (0.55 and 0.60). Carbon, polypropylene, and natural sisal fibers were added at quantities ranging from 0.4% to 2.27%, with aspect ratios ranging from 71 to 3750. Flexural strength was determined using 75 × 75 × 380 mm3 prisms, whereas compressive strength was evaluated using 50 mm cubes. Load–deflection curves were created to investigate fracture behavior. The post-cracking behavior was determined using the matrix compressive strength, fiber type, amount, and aspect ratio. Regression analysis of data from this work and previous publications yielded an equation for predicting the ratio of the modulus of rupture (MOR) to the initial fracture strength. After cracking, carbon-fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (CFRCCs) were fragile, but their flexural strength was two to three times higher than that of control specimens. This was because the increased fiber volume and aspect ratio made the materials stronger and better at handling load and deflection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites)
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Review

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17 pages, 949 KiB  
Review
Polymer Concretes Based on Various Resins: Modern Research and Modeling of Mechanical Properties
by Aleksandr Palamarchuk, Pavel Yudaev and Evgeniy Chistyakov
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(12), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8120503 - 2 Dec 2024
Viewed by 526
Abstract
This review is devoted to experimental studies and modeling in the field of mechanical and physical properties of polymer concretes and polymer-modified concretes. The review analyzes studies carried out over the past two years. The paper examines the properties of polymer concretes based [...] Read more.
This review is devoted to experimental studies and modeling in the field of mechanical and physical properties of polymer concretes and polymer-modified concretes. The review analyzes studies carried out over the past two years. The paper examines the properties of polymer concretes based on various polymer resins and presents the advantages and disadvantages of various models developed to predict the mechanical properties of materials. Based on data in the literature, the most promising polymers for use in the field of road surface repair are polymer concretes with poly(meth)acrylic resins. It was found that the most adequate and productive models are the deep machine learning model—using several hidden layers that perform calculations based on input parameters—and the extreme gradient boosting model. In particular, the extreme gradient boosting model showed high R2 values in forecasting (in the range of 0.916–0.981) when predicting damping coefficient and ultimate compressive strength. In turn, among the additives to Portland cement concrete, the most promising are natural polymers, such as mammalian gelatin and cold fish gelatin, and superabsorbent polymers. These additives allow for an improvement in compressive strength of 200% or more. The review may be of interest to engineers specializing in building construction, materials scientists involved in the development and implementation of new materials into production, as well as researchers in the interdisciplinary fields of chemistry and technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites)
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30 pages, 7774 KiB  
Review
Analysis of Models to Predict Mechanical Properties of High-Performance and Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Using Machine Learning
by Mohammad Hematibahar, Makhmud Kharun, Alexey N. Beskopylny, Sergey A. Stel’makh, Evgenii M. Shcherban’ and Irina Razveeva
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(8), 287; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8080287 - 26 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1316
Abstract
High-Performance Concrete (HPC) and Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) have many applications in civil engineering industries. These two types of concrete have as many similarities as they have differences with each other, such as the mix design and additive powders like silica fume, metakaolin, and [...] Read more.
High-Performance Concrete (HPC) and Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) have many applications in civil engineering industries. These two types of concrete have as many similarities as they have differences with each other, such as the mix design and additive powders like silica fume, metakaolin, and various fibers, however, the optimal percentages of the mixture design properties of each element of these concretes are completely different. This study investigated the differences and similarities between these two types of concrete to find better mechanical behavior through mixture design and parameters of each concrete. In addition, this paper studied the correlation matrix through the machine learning method to predict the mechanical properties and find the relationship between the concrete mix design elements and the mechanical properties. In this way, Linear, Ridge, Lasso, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision tree, and Partial least squares (PLS) regressions have been chosen to find the best regression types. To find the accuracy, the coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE) were selected. Finally, PLS, Linear, and Lasso regressions had better results than other regressions, with R2 greater than 93%, 92%, and 92%, respectively. In general, the present study shows that HPC and UHPC have different mix designs and mechanical properties. In addition, PLS, Linear, and Lasso regressions are the best regressions for predicting mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Sustainable Cement-Based Composites)
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