Cancer Immunotherapy

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 December 2021) | Viewed by 8788

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Interests: cancer immunotherapy; CAR T-cell therapy; cellular therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The long-underestimated importance of T-cells in cancer elimination is now recognized and continues to expand. From engineering T-cells with a CAR or TCR, to modulating their function with immune checkpoint blockades or other molecules, dramatic successes in several patient populations justify continued mechanistic work on these subjects. Although durable responses exist, the fact that the majority of patients treated with immune therapies still relapse prompts the following questions: why some patients in each of these therapies relapse while others remain cancer-free? How can we overcome the limitations of current T-cell based therapies to provide long-lasting responses and cures to more patients? Further, how can we harness the potential of other immune cells to better recognize or eliminate cancers?

In this Special Issue, we invite research that highlights further potential advances in immune therapies, whether by direct modification of immune cells, development of novel immune modulators, or utilization of previously established therapies in new ways to further enhance antitumor immune effector function. 

Dr. Carl DeSelm
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Immune checkpoint blockade
  • CAR T-cells
  • TCR therapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • T-cell phenotype, exhaustion, or activation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

29 pages, 1173 KiB  
Review
Landscape of Immunotherapy Options for Colorectal Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives beyond Immune Checkpoint Blockade
by Alecsandra Gorzo, Diana Galos, Simona Ruxandra Volovat, Cristian Virgil Lungulescu, Claudia Burz and Daniel Sur
Life 2022, 12(2), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12020229 - 2 Feb 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4249
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy in Western countries and a major cause of death despite recent improvements in screening programs and early detection methods. In the last decade, a growing effort has been put into better understanding how the immune [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy in Western countries and a major cause of death despite recent improvements in screening programs and early detection methods. In the last decade, a growing effort has been put into better understanding how the immune system interacts with cancer cells. Even if treatments with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1, anti-PD-L1, anti-CTLA4) were proven effective for several cancer types, the benefit for colorectal cancer patients is still limited. However, a subset of patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite-instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer has been observed to have a prolonged benefit to immune checkpoint inhibitors. As a result, pembrolizumab and nivolumab +/− ipilimumab recently obtained the Food and Drug Administration approval. This review aims to highlight the body of knowledge on immunotherapy in the colorectal cancer setting, discussing the potential mechanisms of resistance and future strategies to extend its use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Immunotherapy)
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13 pages, 891 KiB  
Review
Potential Role of Diabetes Mellitus-Associated T Cell Senescence in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Omental Metastasis
by Rhianne Broadway, Nikita M. Patel, Lucy E. Hillier, Amal El-Briri, Yulia S. Korneva, Dmitry A. Zinovkin and Md Zahidul I. Pranjol
Life 2021, 11(8), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080788 - 4 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3798
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths among women and is associated with age and age-related diseases. With increasing evidence of risks associated with metabolic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), [...] Read more.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths among women and is associated with age and age-related diseases. With increasing evidence of risks associated with metabolic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is important to understand the complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cancer progression and metastasis. Age-related conditions can lead to both genotypic and phenotypic immune function alterations, such as induction of senescence, which can contribute to disease progression. Immune senescence is a common phenomenon in the ageing population, which is now known to play a role in multiple diseases, often detrimentally. EOC progression and metastasis, with the highest rates in the 75–79 age group in women, have been shown to be influenced by immune cells within the “milky spots” or immune clusters of the omentum. As T2DM has been reported to cause T cell senescence in both prediabetic and diabetic patients, there is a possibility that poor prognosis in EOC patients with T2DM is partly due to the accumulation of senescent T cells in the omentum. In this review, we explore this hypothesis with recent findings, potential therapeutic approaches, and future directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Immunotherapy)
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