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Life
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Health and Leptin implications
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Health and Leptin implications

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 November 2022) | Viewed by 4795

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Victoria Cano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
Interests: high-fat diets; obesity; leptin resistance; hippocampus; brain metabolism; food intake; memory ; astrocytes; glutamatergic transmission
Dr. Beatriz Merino Palacios

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
Interests: leptin; brain metabolism; high-fat diet; adipose tissue; adiponectin; hippocampus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since its discovery in 1994 by Friedman, the adipokine leptin has attracted significant attention from neuroendocrinologists due to its effect on feeding behaviour and energy metabolism regulation. Leptin’s discovery contributed to our knowledge of adipose tissue, revealing its role as a dynamic endocrine organ. The leptin endocrine system maintains the relative constancy of adipose tissue mass, thereby protecting individuals from the risks associated with being underweight or obese and demonstrating its involvement in pathologies such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, etc. Furthermore, recent research has elucidated its fundamental pleiotropic effects, not only in the regulation of appetite and energy metabolism but also in growth, immune functions, stress, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.

This Special Issue, which is now open for submissions, will focus on the role of leptin in our metabolism and its implications for health and disease. Original research article and reviews will both be considered, and junior staff participation is encouraged. Prospective authors should first send a short abstract or tentative title to the Editorial Office for evaluation of its suitability before submitting a full manuscript.

Dr. Victoria Cano
Dr. Beatriz Merino Palacios
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • leptin
  • leptin receptor
  • metabolism
  • diabetes
  • immunity
  • cancer
  • development
  • leptin resistance
  • neurodegenerative disease

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 822 KiB  
Article
First-Trimester Maternal Serum Adiponectin/Leptin Ratio in Pre-Eclampsia and Fetal Growth
by Victoria E. de Knegt, Paula L. Hedley, Anna K. Eltvedt, Sophie Placing, Karen Wøjdemann, Anne-Cathrine Shalmi, Line Rode, Jørgen K. Kanters, Karin Sundberg, Ann Tabor, Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen and Michael Christiansen
Life 2023, 13(1), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010130 - 3 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1661
Abstract
The serum adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) is a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with maternal metabolic syndrome and occasionally impaired fetal growth. We assessed whether the A/L ratio in first-trimester maternal serum was associated with PE and/or birth weight. [...] Read more.
The serum adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) is a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with maternal metabolic syndrome and occasionally impaired fetal growth. We assessed whether the A/L ratio in first-trimester maternal serum was associated with PE and/or birth weight. Adiponectin and leptin were quantitated in first-trimester blood samples (gestational week 10+3–13+6) from 126 women who later developed PE with proteinuria (98 mild PE; 21 severe PE; 7 HELLP syndrome), and 297 controls, recruited from the Copenhagen First-Trimester Screening Study. The A/L ratio was reduced in PE pregnancies, median 0.17 (IQR: 0.12–0.27) compared with controls, median 0.32 (IQR: 0.19–0.62) (p < 0.001). A multiple logistic regression showed that PE was negatively associated with log A/L ratio independent of maternal BMI (odds ratio = 0.315, 95% CI = 0.191 to 0.519). Adiponectin (AUC = 0.632) and PAPP-A (AUC = 0.605) were negatively associated with PE, and leptin (AUC = 0.712) was positively associated with PE. However, the A/L ratio was a better predictor of PE (AUC = 0.737), albeit not clinically relevant as a single marker. No significant association was found between A/L ratio and clinical severity of pre-eclampsia or preterm birth. PE was associated with a significantly lower relative birth weight (p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between relative birth weight and A/L ratio in controls (β = −0.165, p < 0.05) but not in PE pregnancies), independent of maternal BMI. After correction for maternal BMI, leptin was significantly associated with relative birth weight (β = 2.98, p < 0.05), while adiponectin was not significantly associated. Our findings suggest that an impairment of the A/L ratio (as seen in metabolic syndrome) in the first trimester is characteristic of PE, while aberrant fetal growth in PE is not dependent on insulin sensitivity, but rather on leptin-associated pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health and Leptin implications)
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24 pages, 3962 KiB  
Article
High Post-Treatment Leptin Concentration as a Prognostic Biomarker of the High Risk of Luminal Breast Cancer Relapse: A Six-Year Comprehensive Study
by Katarzyna Kwiatkowska, Piotr Rhone, Katarzyna Wrzeszcz and Barbara Ruszkowska-Ciastek
Life 2022, 12(12), 2063; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122063 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1261
Abstract
(1) Background: Nowadays, obesity is well-recognised as a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases, for example, hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. This study is designed to investigate the prognostic value of the pre- and post-treatment serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Nowadays, obesity is well-recognised as a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases, for example, hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. This study is designed to investigate the prognostic value of the pre- and post-treatment serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in luminal A and B invasive breast cancer (IBrC) patients based on six-years follow-up. (2) Methods: Among 70 patients who underwent breast surgery, 35 were Stage I and 35 were Stage II. The concentrations of pre- and post-treatment adiponectin and leptin were evaluated with a specific ELISA kit. The median follow-up was 68.5 months (inter-quartile range (IQR) = 59–72 months) with a recurrence rate of 15.71%. (3) Results: Generally, concentrations of leptin and adiponectin increased after adjuvant therapy. Follow-up showed a significantly higher incidence of disease relapse in IBrC patients with a high post-treatment concentration of leptin (25.71% vs. 5.71% of cases with a low post-treatment concentration of leptin). A post-treatment leptin concentration of 26.88 ng/mL with a specificity of 64.9% and a sensitivity of 88.9% was determined as the best cut-off value to distinguish patients with disease recurrence from those without disease relapse. (4) Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that only the post-treatment serum leptin concentration may be of value as a prognostic indicator and could contribute to predicting a future outcome for patients with early-stage IBrC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health and Leptin implications)
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14 pages, 639 KiB  
Article
Associations between Cord Blood Leptin Levels and Childhood Adiposity Differ by Sex and Age at Adiposity Assessment
by Kasandra Blais, Myriam Doyon, Mélina Arguin, Luigi Bouchard, Patrice Perron and Marie-France Hivert
Life 2022, 12(12), 2060; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122060 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1072
Abstract
Lower cord blood leptin levels have been associated with lower and higher adiposity in childhood and associations seem to differ according to the child’s age, methods of adiposity assessment and sex. Our aim was to investigate sex-specific associations of cord blood leptinemia with [...] Read more.
Lower cord blood leptin levels have been associated with lower and higher adiposity in childhood and associations seem to differ according to the child’s age, methods of adiposity assessment and sex. Our aim was to investigate sex-specific associations of cord blood leptinemia with childhood adiposity at birth, 3 and 5 years of age. We measured cord blood leptin using Luminex immunoassays in 520 offspring from the Gen3G cohort. We tested associations between cord blood leptin and body mass index (BMI) z-score, skinfolds thicknesses (SFT), and body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, adjusted for confounders. At birth, girls had almost twice as much leptin in cord blood as boys (15.5 [8.9; 25.6] vs. 8.6 [4.9; 15.0] ng/mL; p < 0.0001) as well as significantly greater adiposity. Lower levels of cord blood leptin were associated with higher sum of SFT (β = −0.05 ± 0.02; p = 0.03) and higher BMI z-score (β= −0.22 ± 0.08; p = 0.01) in 3-year-old boys only. We did not observe these associations at age 5, or in girls. Our results suggest a sexual dimorphism in the programming of leptin sensitivity and childhood adiposity, but further observational and functional studies are needed to better understand the role of leptin in early life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health and Leptin implications)
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