Current State of Melanoma Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 4587

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: melanoma; dermoscopy; reflectance confocal microscopy; optical coherence tomography; teledermoscopy; histopathology; immunotherapy; targeted therapies; adjuvant therapy; neoadjuvant therapy; thin melanoma; advanced melanoma; metastatic melanoma; predictive factors; adverse events; personalized oncology
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Guest Editor
The Skin Cancer and Melanoma Team, The Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Oncohematology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology (MSCNRIO), 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: melanoma; non-melanoma skin cancer; dermoscopy; immunotherapy; targeted therapies; predictive factors; skin toxicities; graft versus host disease; allogeneic hemaotopoietic stem cell transplantation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Life, aimed at publishing high-quality manuscripts covering new research on the current state of melanoma diagnosis and treatment.

Melanoma is one of the most deadly skin neoplasms, and thus is important to diagnose at the earliest stage. The diagnostic difficulty is due to several factors, such as the shared morphological structures between atypical and growing nevi and thin melanomas, or the wide variety of melanomas that clinically resemble benign or inflammatory lesions—the basis for calling melanoma the great imitator. In addition, it is worth highlighting the aggressively evolving rare histopathological and clinical subtypes of melanomas, increasingly affecting younger patient populations. Currently, dermoscopy is supported by reflective confocal microscopy, but soon, artificial intelligence or optical coherence tomography may become complementary to the standard non-invasive diagnostic methods.

Furthermore, staging procedures in melanoma, including sentinel node biopsy, as well as additional imaging examinations, are of great clinical and prognostic importance.

In recent years, there has been a breakthrough in the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma, improving survival rates. Among patients who underwent resection of stage III B, IIIC, IIID or stage IV melanoma, adjuvant therapy became the standard of care in the last few years. Highly promising results were produced by recent studies using the neoadjuvant approach for high-risk resectable melanoma. Unfortunately, still many patients do not show a long-term response to targeted therapies or immunotherapy. Thus, new biomarkers and novel therapies are needed to improve the outcomes of melanoma treatment.

We invite all researchers and clinicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma to submit articles presenting the results of their research.

Dr. Monika Slowinska
Dr. Grazyna Kaminska – Winciorek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • melanoma
  • dermoscopy
  • reflectance confocal microscopy
  • optical coherence tomography
  • teledermoscopy
  • histopathology
  • immunotherapy
  • targeted therapies
  • adjuvant therapy
  • neoadjuvant therapy
  • thin melanoma
  • advanced melanoma
  • metastatic melanoma
  • predictive factors
  • adverse events
  • personalized oncology

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 814 KiB  
Article
Fractal Dimension Analysis of Melanocytic Nevi and Melanomas in Normal and Polarized Light—A Preliminary Report
by Paweł Popecki, Marcin Kozakiewicz, Marcin Ziętek and Kamil Jurczyszyn
Life 2022, 12(7), 1008; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12071008 - 7 Jul 2022
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Abstract
Clinical diagnosis of pigmented lesions can be a challenge in everyday practice. Benign and dysplastic nevi and melanomas may have similar clinical presentations, but completely different prognoses. Fractal dimensions of shape and texture can describe the complexity of the pigmented lesion structure. This [...] Read more.
Clinical diagnosis of pigmented lesions can be a challenge in everyday practice. Benign and dysplastic nevi and melanomas may have similar clinical presentations, but completely different prognoses. Fractal dimensions of shape and texture can describe the complexity of the pigmented lesion structure. This study aims to apply fractal dimension analysis to differentiate melanomas, dysplastic nevi, and benign nevi in polarized and non-polarized light. A total of 87 Eighty-four patients with 97 lesions were included in this study. All examined lesions were photographed under polarized and non-polarized light, surgically removed, and examined by a histopathologist to establish the correct diagnosis. The obtained images were then processed and analyzed. Area, perimeter, and fractal dimensions of shape and texture were calculated for all the lesions under polarized and non-polarized light. The fractal dimension of shape in polarized light enables differentiating melanomas, dysplastic nevi, and benign nevi. It also makes it possible to distinguish melanomas from benign and dysplastic nevi under non-polarized light. The fractal dimension of texture allows distinguishing melanomas from benign and dysplastic nevi under polarized light. All examined parameters of shape and texture can be used for developing an automatic computer-aided diagnosis system. Polarized light is superior to non-polarized light for imaging texture details. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current State of Melanoma Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Review

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23 pages, 411 KiB  
Review
The Evolution of the Sentinel Node Biopsy in Melanoma
by Alexandra Allard-Coutu, Victoria Dobson, Erika Schmitz, Hely Shah and Carolyn Nessim
Life 2023, 13(2), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020489 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2588
Abstract
The growing repertoire of approved immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy has revolutionized the adjuvant treatment of melanoma. While the treatment of primary cutaneous melanoma remains wide local excision (WLE), the management of regional lymph nodes continues to evolve in light of practice-changing clinical [...] Read more.
The growing repertoire of approved immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy has revolutionized the adjuvant treatment of melanoma. While the treatment of primary cutaneous melanoma remains wide local excision (WLE), the management of regional lymph nodes continues to evolve in light of practice-changing clinical trials and dramatically improved adjuvant therapy. With large multicenter studies reporting no benefit in overall survival for completion lymph node dissection (CLND) after a positive sentinel node biopsy (SLNB), controversy remains regarding patient selection and clinical decision-making. This review explores the evolution of the SLNB in cutaneous melanoma in the context of a rapidly changing adjuvant treatment landscape, summarizing the key clinical trials which shaped current practice guidelines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current State of Melanoma Diagnosis and Treatment)
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