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Latest Research on Advanced Materials and Technologies in Orthodontics
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Latest Research on Advanced Materials and Technologies in Orthodontics

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2024) | Viewed by 2979

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Thikriat Al-Jewair

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthodontics, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
Interests: orthodontics; dentofacial orthopaedics; evidence-based dentistry
Dr. Mohammed H. Elnagar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina Street, RM 131, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA
Interests: dentofacial orthopedics; class III; skeletal anchorage; surgical orthodontics; 3D imaging; 3D printing; arifail intelligence; digital; CAD/CAM orthodontics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in technologies related to the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field have resulted in a paradigm shift. AI is a powerful tool, and its applications can support diagnoses, treatments, and decision making, as well as significantly impact treatment outcomes. Applying AI technologies in dentistry—more specifically, orthodontics—is revolutionary, but still in the early stages. AI applications in orthodontics include identifying cephalometric landmarks and improving diagnostic accuracy, helping clinicians select the best treatment approach, and isolating sleep conditions by monitoring mandibular movement. The evidence in recent studies has shown promising results. However, this area warrants further research to fully optimize AI’s ability to enhance the orthodontic field.

Similarly, advances in biomaterials, computer-aided design (CAD), and manufacturing (CAM) have endorsed the orthodontics practice with customized brackets, wires, and clear aligners. These advances have improved the clinical performance of orthodontics appliances and provided more esthetically acceptable treatment options.    

This Special Issue aims to provide insight into current advances in AI technologies, materials, and their applications in orthodontics. We are pleased to invite you to submit your work for consideration in this important issue. Before submission, please carefully review the journal’s “Author Guidelines.”

Dr. Thikriat Al-Jewair
Dr. Mohammed H. Elnagar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial Intelligence
  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • neural Networks
  • decision-making
  • orthodontic applications
  • CAD/CAM orthodontic appliances
  • clear aligners

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2256 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Ultraviolet Illumination for Detecting Fluorescent Orthodontic Adhesive Residues during Debonding Procedures
by Grace Chung, Steven Makowka, Stephen Warunek and Thikriat Al-Jewair
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2961; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122961 - 17 Jun 2024
Viewed by 669
Abstract
Background: Fluorescence-aided identification technique (FIT) studies for orthodontic resins are relatively new, using an arbitrary selection of resins, lights, and work parameters. In order to provide FIT guidelines for optimal visualization, the objectives of this study were to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of [...] Read more.
Background: Fluorescence-aided identification technique (FIT) studies for orthodontic resins are relatively new, using an arbitrary selection of resins, lights, and work parameters. In order to provide FIT guidelines for optimal visualization, the objectives of this study were to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of fluorescent orthodontic resins, determine appropriate light specification, and describe light and work parameter effects on resin fluorescence. Methods: This in vitro study assessed five fluorescent orthodontic resins and a non-fluorescent control resin using spectrophotometry, a scaled image analysis of 25 μm thick resins to compare intensities, and a visual assessment. Light sources varied by flashlight lens (narrow [N], average [X], and magnified [Z]) and UV intensity (X and X High). Work parameters included distance (20–300 mm) and angulation (15–70°). Visual scores were assigned to determine discernibility. Results: The average excitation maxima was 384 nm. Fluorescence increased with more direct UV light exposure. The highest intensity was recorded with Light X High at 50 mm and 70°. Visual assessment followed image analysis trends, and fluorescence was clinically discernable for all 25 μm thick samples. Conclusions: Excitation wavelength range of 395–405 nm is appropriate for FIT illumination. All resins were anisotropic and showed greater fluorescence with greater angle, higher UV intensity, and closer proximity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Research on Advanced Materials and Technologies in Orthodontics)
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11 pages, 2225 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Study on the Influence of the Buccal Surface Convexity of the Tooth upon Enamel Loss after Bracket Removal
by Sandra Pallarés-Serrano, Alba Pallarés-Serrano, Antonio Pallarés-Serrano and Antonio Pallarés-Sabater
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1519; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071519 - 27 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 912
Abstract
Polishing after the removal of brackets is the final step in orthodontic treatment. It is simple to perform, though some studies have reported that polishing causes damage to the enamel surface. An in vitro study was made of the influence of the buccal [...] Read more.
Polishing after the removal of brackets is the final step in orthodontic treatment. It is simple to perform, though some studies have reported that polishing causes damage to the enamel surface. An in vitro study was made of the influence of the buccal surface convexity of the tooth upon possible enamel loss when the remaining resin and adhesive are removed after bracket decementing using two different polishing modes: a tungsten carbide bur at low and high speeds. The convexity of the buccal surface was quantified in 30 incisors and 30 premolars. A stereoscopic microscope was used to obtain photographs of the profile of the crown, and Image J software was used to calculate convexity by dividing the length of a line from the cementoenamel junction to the incisal margin by another line from the mentioned junction to the maximum convexity of the buccal surface. Brackets were cemented on all the teeth and were decemented 24 h later. In both groups, the residual composite was removed with a tungsten carbide bur at a low speed in one-half of the teeth and at a high speed in the other half. The buccal surface of each tooth was then photographed again, and the convexity was calculated and compared against the baseline value. The difference between the two values were taken to represent the enamel loss. The convexity of the premolars was significantly greater than that of the incisors, but this did not result in greater enamel loss when the same polishing mode was used. However, the tungsten carbide bur at a high speed proved more aggressive, causing significantly greater enamel loss than when used at a low speed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Research on Advanced Materials and Technologies in Orthodontics)
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Review

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17 pages, 1929 KiB  
Review
Multi-Force Bio-Active™ Archwires and Various Contemporary NiTi Multi-Force Archwires: Properties and Characteristics—A Review
by Angelina Stoyanova-Ivanova, Valeri Petrov, Jorge N. R. Martins, Laura Andreeva and Velizar Georgiev
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112603 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 914
Abstract
The manufacturing of orthodontic archwires made from NiTi alloy has undergone numerous changes from the second half of the last century to modern times. Initially, superelastic-active austenitic NiTi alloys were predominant, followed by thermodynamic-active martensitic NiTi alloys, and, finally, the most recent development [...] Read more.
The manufacturing of orthodontic archwires made from NiTi alloy has undergone numerous changes from the second half of the last century to modern times. Initially, superelastic-active austenitic NiTi alloys were predominant, followed by thermodynamic-active martensitic NiTi alloys, and, finally, the most recent development was graded thermodynamic alloys. These advancements have been the subject of extensive investigation in numerous studies, as they necessitated a deeper understanding of their properties. Furthermore, it is imperative that we validate the information provided by manufacturers regarding these archwires through independent studies. This review evaluates existing studies on the subject with a specific focus on the Bio-active multi-force NiTi archwire, by examining its mechanical, thermal, and physicochemical properties before and after clinical use. This archwire consists primarily of Ni and Ti, with traces of Fe and Cr, which release graduated, biologically tolerable forces which increase in a front-to-back direction and are affected by the temperature of the environment they are in. The review provides information to practicing orthodontists, facilitating informed decisions regarding the selection and use of Bio-active™ archwires for individual patient treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Research on Advanced Materials and Technologies in Orthodontics)
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