Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children: Insights, Interventions and Emerging Perspectives

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 753

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department XI: Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
Interests: nutritional and metabolic diseases in childhood; obesity; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; clinical endocrinology; oxidative stress; selenium

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
Interests: children's health; clinical endocrinology; growth; puberty; obesity; diabetes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome in children represents a nuanced continuum intricately woven by various contributing factors, beginning with fetal programming. The prenatal environment plays a pivotal role in shaping metabolic trajectories, impacting organ development and programming metabolic pathways. Genetic predispositions add an additional layer of complexity, influencing susceptibility to metabolic dysregulation. The interplay between specific gene variants may contribute to altered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and other hallmarks of metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress, which is characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, has emerged as a key mechanistic link. Increased oxidative stress can disrupt cellular function and contribute to the development of insulin resistance and inflammation. Moreover, environmental risk factors, encompassing lifestyle, dietary habits, and exposure to pollutants, further modulate the trajectory of metabolic health in children. Investigating these intricate relationships provides a comprehensive understanding of the origins and progression of metabolic syndrome in pediatric populations, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions and early-life prevention strategies.

Dr. Teofana Otilia Bizerea-Moga
Prof. Dr. Wieland Kiess
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome in children
  • childhood obesity
  • hypertension
  • glucose tolerance
  • insulin resistance
  • nutritional status
  • metabolomics
  • oxidative stress
  • trace elements—selenium

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 957 KiB  
Article
Effects of Different Physical Training Protocols on Metabolic Syndrome Indicators and the Activity of Butyrylcholinesterase in Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial
by Giuliano Roberto da Silva, Gerusa Dias Siqueira Vilela Terra, David Michel de Oliveira, Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes, Emerson José Zechin, Arthur Rizzi Soares, Dalton Muller Pessoa-Filho and Cassiano Merussi Neiva
Metabolites 2024, 14(8), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080422 - 31 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and affects children and adolescents. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an enzyme associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different physical training protocols on MS indicators and their relationship [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and affects children and adolescents. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an enzyme associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different physical training protocols on MS indicators and their relationship with BChE activity. This randomized clinical trial included 80 adolescents randomly assigned to 4 groups (CG: Control Group; ATG: Aerobic Training Group; STG: Strength Training Group; and CTG: Concurrent Training Group). The EFC, lipid profile, glycemia, waist circumference, and blood pressure were analyzed. With the exception of the CG, all the groups underwent training protocols for 12 consecutive weeks, 4 times a week, as follows: (ATG: 75% of heart rate on an electric treadmill; STG: 85% of 1 maximum repetition; CTG: 20 min of aerobic training at the same intensity as the ATG, and 20 min of resistance training in the same way as the STG). The training reduced MS-related biomarkers, such as the lipid profile, glycemia, waist circumference, and blood pressure. STG reduced BChE activity. The training methods led to improvements in the majority of the MS indicators. In addition, aerobic training significantly reduced BChE activity after a 12-week training protocol. The results suggest that different types of exercise can benefit MS. Full article
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