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Micromachines
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Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices
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Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D：Materials and Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2022) | Viewed by 11511

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Xu Xiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
Interests: MXene; 2D materials; communication technology; nanomaterials; energy applications
Prof. Dr. Xuehang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, 2629 JB Delft, Netherlands
Interests: the mechanistic study of electrical energy storage processes in two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride (MXene) and various carbon materials; the synthesis of novel nanomaterials with higher energy and power electrical energy storage capability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The booming development of the economy and society is constantly changing our daily life. People are surrounded by various electronic devices that require high-performance energy storage. Supercapacitors and batteries are typical energy storage devices based on reversible electrochemical reaction on the surface of electrode materials or in the bulk. Different energy storage mechanisms have different advantages, such as high power density for supercapacitors and high energy density for batteries, providing the possibility of utilizing them complementarily in practical applications such as electrical vehicles and portable devices. In general, the key scientific issues of energy storage are ion diffusion and electron transport in electrodes and electrolytes. In the last decade, many different types of nanomaterials, ranging from carbon materials and transition metal oxides/sulfides/carbides to conducting polymers, have been widely studied to improve energy storage performance because of their large surface area, good electrochemical stability, and high energy storage capacity.

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality research papers and review articles that focus on the design, fabrication, and advanced characterization of nanomaterials for energy storage.

Prof. Dr. Xu Xiao
Prof. Dr. Xuehang Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • supercapacitors
  • Li-ion batteries
  • Na/K/Mg/Al-ion batteries
  • Li-metal batteries
  • electrolytes

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2486 KiB  
Article
Poly(1-Napthylamine) Nanoparticles as Potential Scaffold for Supercapacitor and Photocatalytic Applications
by Ahmad Umar, Sundararajan Ashok Kumar, Daniel Rani Rosaline, Hassan Algadi, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Faheem Ahmed, Edson Luiz Foletto and Savariroyan Stephen Rajkumar Inbanathan
Micromachines 2022, 13(9), 1528; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13091528 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2079
Abstract
Herein, we explore the supercapacitor and photocatalytic applications of poly(1-naphthylamine) (PNA) nanoparticles. The PNA nanoparticles were synthesized by using polymerization of 1-naphthylamine and characterized with several techniques in order to understand the morphological, structural, optical and compositional properties. The structural and morphological properties [...] Read more.
Herein, we explore the supercapacitor and photocatalytic applications of poly(1-naphthylamine) (PNA) nanoparticles. The PNA nanoparticles were synthesized by using polymerization of 1-naphthylamine and characterized with several techniques in order to understand the morphological, structural, optical and compositional properties. The structural and morphological properties confirmed the formation of crystalline nanoparticles of PNA. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum revealed the successful polymerization of 1-naphthylamine monomer to PNA. The absorption peaks that appeared at 236 and 309 nm in the UV–Vis spectrum for PNA nanoparticles represented the π–π* transition. The supercapacitor properties of the prepared PNA nanoparticles were evaluated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) methods at different scan rates and current densities, respectively. The effective series resistance was calculated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), resulting in a minimum resistance value of 1.5 Ω. The highest specific capacitance value of PNA was found to be 255 Fg−1. This electrode also exhibited excellent stability with >93% capacitance retention for 1000 cycles, as measured at 1A g−1. Further, the prepared PNA nanoparticles were used as an effective photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye, which exhibited ~61% degradation under UV light irradiation. The observed results revealed that PNA nanoparticles are not only a potential electrode material for supercapacitor applications but also an efficient photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of hazardous and toxic organic dyes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices)
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11 pages, 3560 KiB  
Article
High Cycle Stability of Hybridized Co(OH)2 Nanomaterial Structures Synthesized by the Water Bath Method as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
by Longlong Ren, Linhui Wang, Yufeng Qin and Qiang Li
Micromachines 2022, 13(2), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13020149 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1941
Abstract
Cobalt oxides have been intensely explored as anodes of lithium-ion batteries to resolve the intrinsic disadvantages of low electrical conductivity and volume change. However, as a precursor of preparing cobalt oxides, Co(OH)2 has rarely been investigated as the anode material of lithium-ion [...] Read more.
Cobalt oxides have been intensely explored as anodes of lithium-ion batteries to resolve the intrinsic disadvantages of low electrical conductivity and volume change. However, as a precursor of preparing cobalt oxides, Co(OH)2 has rarely been investigated as the anode material of lithium-ion batteries, perhaps because of the complexity of hydroxides. Hybridized Co(OH)2 nanomaterial structures were synthesized by the water bath method and exhibited high electrochemical performance. The initial discharge and charge capacities were 1703.2 and 1262.9 mAh/g at 200 mA/g, respectively. The reversible capacity was 1050 mAh/g after 150 cycles. The reversible capability was 1015 mAh/g at 800 mA/g and increased to 1630 mAh/g when driven back to 100 mA/g. The electrochemical reaction kinetics study shows that the lithium-ion diffusion-controlled contribution is dominant in the energy storage mechanism. The superior electrochemical performance could result from the water bath method and the hybridization of nanosheets and nanoparticles structures. These hybridized Co(OH)2 nanomaterial structures with high electrochemical performance are promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices)
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14 pages, 5818 KiB  
Article
The Improvement in Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH2 Enabled by Multilayer Ti3C2
by Zhaojie Wu, Jianhua Fang, Na Liu, Jiang Wu and Linglan Kong
Micromachines 2021, 12(10), 1190; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12101190 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 3418
Abstract
MgH2 has become a hot spot in the research of hydrogen storage materials, due to its high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity. However, the poor kinetics and thermodynamic properties of hydrogen absorption and desorption seriously hinder the development of this material. Ti-based materials [...] Read more.
MgH2 has become a hot spot in the research of hydrogen storage materials, due to its high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity. However, the poor kinetics and thermodynamic properties of hydrogen absorption and desorption seriously hinder the development of this material. Ti-based materials can lead to good effects in terms of reducing the temperature of MgH2 in hydrogen absorption and desorption. MXene is a novel two-dimensional transition metal carbide or carbonitride similar in structure to graphene. Ti3C2 is one of the earliest and most widely used MXenes. Single-layer Ti3C2 can only exist in solution; in comparison, multilayer Ti3C2 (ML-Ti3C2) also exists as a solid powder. Thus, ML-Ti3C2 can be easily composited with MgH2. The MgH2+ML-Ti3C2 composite hydrogen storage system was successfully synthesized by ball milling. The experimental results show that the initial desorption temperature of MgH2-6 wt.% ML-Ti3C2 is reduced to 142 °C with a capacity of 6.56 wt.%. The Ea of hydrogen desorption in the MgH2-6 wt.% ML-Ti3C2 hydrogen storage system is approximately 99 kJ/mol, which is 35.3% lower than that of pristine MgH2. The enhancement of kinetics in hydrogen absorption and desorption by ML-Ti3C2 can be attributed to two synergistic effects: one is that Ti facilitates the easier dissociation or recombination of hydrogen molecules, while the other is that electron transfer generated by multivalent Ti promotes the easier conversion of hydrogen. These findings help to guide the hydrogen storage properties of metal hydrides doped with MXene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices)
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Review

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17 pages, 6347 KiB  
Review
Emerging Topochemical Strategies for Designing Two-Dimensional Energy Materials
by Na Liu, Libo Chang, Jiang Wu, Jianhua Fang and Xu Xiao
Micromachines 2021, 12(8), 867; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080867 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3255
Abstract
The unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials make them increasingly attractive in various fields, especially for energy harvesting, conversion, or storage. Simultaneously, numerous synthetic methods have been rapidly developed. Recently, topochemical strategies were demonstrated, and they show tremendous promising potential for synthesizing 2D [...] Read more.
The unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials make them increasingly attractive in various fields, especially for energy harvesting, conversion, or storage. Simultaneously, numerous synthetic methods have been rapidly developed. Recently, topochemical strategies were demonstrated, and they show tremendous promising potential for synthesizing 2D materials due to their simplicity, scalability, and high efficiency. Considering the suitability of material structures and their synthesis methods, as well as the relationship between material properties and applications, it is necessary for researchers to comprehensively review and determine the prospects of 2D materials based on topological chemical synthesis methods and their related applications. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarize and analyze the representative topochemical strategies for synthesizing 2D materials, including salt-templating methods for non-layered 2D materials, molten Lewis acid etching strategy for novel MXenes, and the chalcogen vapors etching and substituting strategy for phase-controlled 2D materials and so on, with the application of these 2D materials in energy-related fields including batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalysis. At the end of the paper, the corresponding perspective was also illustrated, and we expect that this could provide a reference for the future research in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials-Based Energy Storage Devices)
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