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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Detection of Pathogenic Microorganism
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Detection of Pathogenic Microorganism

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 5823

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Youngbeom Ahn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
Interests: detection of microbial contamination; Burkholderia cepacia complex; food microbiology; evaluation of microbial contaminants; environmental microbiology; metagenomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pathogens are responsible for countless outbreaks of disease among humans, with significant impacts on public health and the economy, and with some possessing stark mortality rates. Pathogenic microorganism detection and identification is a fundamental component of the successful response to and control of epidemics and pandemics caused by bacteria and viruses. This essential component depends on the availability of robust diagnostic tools, which constitute the front-line defense in the fight against epidemics/pandemics in public health. Nevertheless, the scientific community must develop innovative diagnostics that provide sample-to-answer techniques (e.g., testing devices and technologies) as they enable first responders to readily analyse on-site data in the field, an area where molecular and biochemical diagnostics are badly needed. Scientific research is therefore crucial for a better understanding of pathogenicity, anti-microbial resistance virulence factors transfer, and drug escape mechanisms through sound studies of pathogens’ close neighbors at the biochemical and genetic levels.

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish a collection of articles relating to various strategies used to prevent, control and detect the occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms with the ultimate aims of suppressing their survival, multiplication, and entry into the human body. Manuscripts addressing the diagnostic and detection methodologies of pathogenic microorganisms are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Youngbeom Ahn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emerging bacterial and viral infectious diseases
  • pathogenic microorganism prevention and detection methods
  • molecular and biochemical diagnostics
  • testing and technology ways
  • diagnostics validation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 575 KiB  
Article
A New Real-Time PCR Test (Flora Select™) and Nugent Score for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis During Pregnancy
by Hideto Yamada, Shigeki Shimada, Hajime Ota, Yuta Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki Fukushi, Shinichiro Wada and Soromon Kataoka
Microorganisms 2024, 12(10), 2110; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12102110 - 21 Oct 2024
Viewed by 805
Abstract
This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the performance of Flora select™ (FS), a newly developed real-time PCR test, for the assessment of the vaginal microbiome during early pregnancy. Five hundred and fifty-six pregnant women underwent examinations of FS, Nugent score—a Gram-staining scoring [...] Read more.
This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the performance of Flora select™ (FS), a newly developed real-time PCR test, for the assessment of the vaginal microbiome during early pregnancy. Five hundred and fifty-six pregnant women underwent examinations of FS, Nugent score—a Gram-staining scoring system for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV)—and conventional bacterial culture between 8 weeks and 12 gestational weeks. Nugent scores of 0–3, 4–6, and ≥7 were found in 469 (84.2%), 41 (7.4%), and 47 (8.5%) of the women, respectively. Relative dominance rates of Lactobacillus species of high (≥80% medium (50%≤, <80%), and low (0.1≤, <50%), and no detection (<0.1%) were 63.0%, 8.8%, 17.1%, and 11.2%, respectively. Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium, Streptococcus, Ureaplasma, and Mycoplasma species were detected in 23.9%, 17.6%, 17.1%, 7.0%, 23.0%, and 4.9% of the women, respectively. Gardnerella species were detected in all women with Nugent scores ≥7 and Ureaplasma were detected in 40.4% of them. BV-associated bacterial species were also detected in 70.7% of women with Nugent scores of 4–6. Gardnerella, Prevotella, Atopobium, Streptococcus, Ureaplasma, and Mycoplasma species were highly prevalent in women with Nugent scores ≥4 or Lactobacillus species <50%. FS detected Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Atopobium species more effectively than conventional bacterial culture. FS could determine relative dominance rates of Lactobacillus species in the vaginal microbiome, and simultaneously detect four kinds of BV-associated bacteria, Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma species. Therefore, FS may be clinically useful for the screening of the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy to prevent preterm birth and for the assessment of the vaginal microbiome after BV treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection of Pathogenic Microorganism)
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13 pages, 1039 KiB  
Article
Quantification of HPV16 E7 Oncoproteins in Urine Specimens from Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
by Daiki Makioka, Mikio Inada, Masayuki Awano, Ema Saito, Takuya Shinoda, Satoko Abe, Teruki Yoshimura, Martin Müller, Toshiyuki Sasagawa and Etsuro Ito
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1205; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061205 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 2885
Abstract
We present the validity of using an ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantifying high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7 oncoproteins in urine specimens as a noninvasive method of analyzing the oncogenic activity of HPV. Some reports claim that the oncogenic activity of [...] Read more.
We present the validity of using an ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantifying high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7 oncoproteins in urine specimens as a noninvasive method of analyzing the oncogenic activity of HPV. Some reports claim that the oncogenic activity of HPV is a more relevant clinical indicator than the presence of HPV DNA for estimating malignant potential. In the present study, urine containing HPV16 and related types were selected by uniplex E6/E7 polymerase chain reaction and classified according to the pathologic diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in cervical biopsy specimens. Our ultrasensitive ELISA was able to detect attomole levels of HPV16 E7 oncoproteins, and it detected HPV16-positive SiHa cells at >500 cells/mL without detecting HPV18-positive cells. Our ELISA results showed E7 oncoproteins in 80% (4/5) of urine specimens from women with HPV16-positive CIN1, 71% (5/7) of urine specimens from CIN2 patients, and 38% (3/8) of urine specimens from CIN3 patients. Some urine specimens with undetectable E7 oncoproteins were thought to be negative for live HPV 16-positive cells or in an inactivated state of infection. These results provide the basis for assessing oncogenic activity by quantifying E7 oncoproteins in patient urine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection of Pathogenic Microorganism)
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6 pages, 586 KiB  
Communication
Clinical Evaluation and Comparison of Two Microfluidic Antigenic Assays for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Virus
by Paolo Bottino, Valentina Pizzo, Salvatore Castaldo, Elisabetta Scomparin, Cristina Bara, Marcella Cerrato, Sabrina Sisinni, Serena Penpa, Annalisa Roveta, Maria Gerbino, Antonio Maconi and Andrea Rocchetti
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2709; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112709 - 5 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
Given the ongoing pandemic, there is a need to identify SARS-CoV-2 and differentiate it from other respiratory viral infections in various critical settings. Since its introduction, rapid antigen testing is spreading worldwide, but diagnostic accuracy is extremely variable and often in disagreement with [...] Read more.
Given the ongoing pandemic, there is a need to identify SARS-CoV-2 and differentiate it from other respiratory viral infections in various critical settings. Since its introduction, rapid antigen testing is spreading worldwide, but diagnostic accuracy is extremely variable and often in disagreement with the manufacturer’s specifications. Our study compared the clinical performances of two microfluidic rapid antigen tests towards a molecular assay, starting from positive samples. A total of 151 swabs collected at the Microbiology and Virology Laboratory of A.O. “SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo” (Alessandria, Italy) for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 were simultaneously tested to evaluate accuracy, specificity, and agreement with the RT-qPCR results. Both assays showed an overall agreement of 100% for negative specimens, while positive accuracy comprised between 45.10% and 54.90%. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, the greatest correlation between the antigenic and molecular assays was observed for the subset with high viral load (18/19, 94.74%), while it dramatically decreased for other subsets. Moreover, the ability to differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 and Flu provides an added value and could be addressed in an epidemic context. However, an in-house validation should be performed due to differences observed in performance declared by manufacturers and those actually obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection of Pathogenic Microorganism)
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