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Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III
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Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 5397

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rosa Iacovino

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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
Interests: cyclodextrin; inclusion complex; preparation methods; drug delivery systems; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Marina Isidori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Antonio Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Interests: environmental toxicology; cytotoxic activity; antigenotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of pure compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Margherita Lavorgna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Antonio Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Interests: environmental toxicology; biological activities of xenobiotics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gianluca D’Abrosca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department od Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: proteins; UV-visible spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance; structural biology; circular dichroism; molecular docking; inclusion complexes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Two Special Issues regarding the chemistry and toxicology of cyclodextrins have been already published, receiving good feedback in terms of submitted and published papers (14 in the first edition and 16 in the second). Given these great results, we are here to propose the third edition on this interesting topic. This Special Issue is focused on the application of natural cyclodextrins and their derivatives, the synthesis and characterization of host-guest complexes, as well as the evaluation of the potential toxicity of functionalized host-guest molecules and inclusion complexes as they are.

Thanks to their typical toroidal-like structure, consisting of an apolar internal cavity and a polar external surface, cyclodextrins (CDs) allow the physical inclusion of a wide range of active molecules. Natural CDs, as well as their functionalized derivatives and/or their polymers (i.e., cyclodextrins, nanosponges, and hydrogels), have numerous applications in several fields: biotechnologies, green chemistry, cosmetic formulations/fragrance stabilization, analytical chemistry, drug delivery, pharmaceutical excipients, and the textile industry. This Special Issue aims to investigate the state of art regarding the characterization of cyclodextrins and their molecular complexes, the study of the toxicology of these composite molecules, and the evaluation of their potential role in multiple applications.

Dr. Rosa Iacovino
Prof. Marina Isidori
Dr. Margherita Lavorgna
Dr. Gianluca D’Abrosca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inclusion complexes
  • cyclodextrins derivates
  • cyclodextrins biological activities
  • cyclodextrins pharmacology and pharmacokinetic
  • cyclodextrins industrial applications
  • nano-materials and nano-structured coatings containing cyclodextrins
  • cyclodextrins environmental remediation
  • toxicity of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1319 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of γ-Cyclodextrin, Perilla Oil, and Their Inclusion Complexes on Liver Injury and Dyslipidemia Associated with Elevated Gastrointestinal 12-Hydroxylated Bile Acid Levels
by Keisuke Yoshikiyo, Hidehisa Shimizu, Edward G. Nagato, Satoshi Ishizuka and Tatsuyuki Yamamoto
Molecules 2025, 30(2), 281; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30020281 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 307
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD)–perilla oil inclusion complexes increase plasma α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid levels in healthy rats without adverse effects. The present study examined the effects of perilla oil, γ-CD, and their inclusion complexes on rats fed cholic acid [...] Read more.
Our previous study demonstrated that γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD)–perilla oil inclusion complexes increase plasma α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid levels in healthy rats without adverse effects. The present study examined the effects of perilla oil, γ-CD, and their inclusion complexes on rats fed cholic acid (CA) to mimic the elevated gastrointestinal 12-hydroxylated (12OH) bile acid levels in high-fat diet-fed rats. Rats fed CA (CA group) tended to have higher AST, ALT, plasma total cholesterol (T-CHO), and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to controls fed a standard diet without CA. Rats fed CA and perilla oil (CA+LP group) showed a tendency for lower AST and plasma TG levels than those in the CA group. Rats fed CA and γ-CD (CA+CD group) had significantly higher AST, ALT, plasma T-CHO, and TG levels than the controls, indicating severe liver injury and dyslipidemia. Rats fed CA and the γ-CD–perilla oil inclusion complex (CA+IC group) had significantly lower AST and ALT levels than the CA+CD rats, with a trend towards lower plasma T-CHO and TG levels. Plasma α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid levels were significantly higher in the CA+LP and CA+IC groups than in the controls and CA+CD groups. However, the CA+IC group tended to have lower α-linolenic acid levels and significantly lower eicosapentaenoic acid levels than the CA+LP group. This suggests an accelerated conversion of α-linolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid in the CA+IC group, which may contribute to the attenuation of liver injury and dyslipidemia. These findings suggest that γ-CD may exacerbate liver injury and dyslipidemia caused by elevated gastrointestinal 12OH bile acid levels, whereas γ-CD–perilla oil inclusion complexes may ameliorate these effects by altering fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, we recommend evaluating γ-CD safety in both healthy and pathological models and carefully selecting compounds co-ingested with γ-CD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III)
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14 pages, 4192 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Inclusion Properties of a β-Cyclodextrin Heptaphosphoramidate
by Austin Che, Jayar Espejo and Chang-Chun Ling
Molecules 2024, 29(12), 2714; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29122714 - 7 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1041
Abstract
In this study, we report a novel per-6-substituted β-cyclodextrin (4) featuring seven phosphoramidate moieties as an innovative host for inclusion. This structurally well-defined host has remarkable water solubility and was isolated in pure form. Analytical techniques such as NMR and ITC [...] Read more.
In this study, we report a novel per-6-substituted β-cyclodextrin (4) featuring seven phosphoramidate moieties as an innovative host for inclusion. This structurally well-defined host has remarkable water solubility and was isolated in pure form. Analytical techniques such as NMR and ITC were used to probe the molecular interactions with different drug molecules. Our investigations revealed that host 4 can form 2:1 inclusion complexes with various drugs. Further studies showed that the inclusions of drugs by β-CD host (4) are mostly enthalpy driven, highlighting the potential roles played by the phosphoramidate functionalities of the host. Comparatively, a per-O2, O3-acetylated analog (6) of compound 4 was also obtained, which also shows unusual water solubility but diminished inclusion capability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III)
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Review

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25 pages, 1048 KiB  
Review
Cyclodextrins: Advances in Chemistry, Toxicology, and Multifaceted Applications
by Adina Magdalena Musuc
Molecules 2024, 29(22), 5319; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29225319 - 12 Nov 2024
Viewed by 2040
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have garnered significant attention in various scientific and industrial fields due to their unique ability to form inclusion complexes with a wide range of guest molecules. This review comprehensively explores the latest advancements in cyclodextrin chemistry, focusing on the synthesis and [...] Read more.
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have garnered significant attention in various scientific and industrial fields due to their unique ability to form inclusion complexes with a wide range of guest molecules. This review comprehensively explores the latest advancements in cyclodextrin chemistry, focusing on the synthesis and characterization of cyclodextrin derivatives and their inclusion complexes. This review examines the biological activities of cyclodextrins, highlighting their pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics, and discussing their promising applications in drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the industrial utilization of cyclodextrins, including their role in nanomaterials and nanostructured coatings, as well as their potential in environmental remediation, are explored. The present research also addresses the critical aspect of toxicity, particularly concerning cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, providing an overview of the current understanding and safety considerations. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the aim is to present a complete view of cyclodextrins, underscoring their versatility and impact across various domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III)
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19 pages, 2481 KiB  
Review
Inclusion Complexation of Remdesivir with Cyclodextrins: A Comprehensive Review on Combating Coronavirus Resistance—Current State and Future Perspectives
by Arumugam Anitha, Rajaram Rajamohan, Moorthiraman Murugan and Jeong Hyun Seo
Molecules 2024, 29(19), 4782; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194782 - 9 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1424
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives have gained significant attention in biomedical applications due to their remarkable biocompatibility, unique inclusion capabilities, and potential for functionalization. This review focuses on recent advancements in CD-based assemblies, specifically their role in improving drug delivery, emphasizing remdesivir (RMD). The review [...] Read more.
Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives have gained significant attention in biomedical applications due to their remarkable biocompatibility, unique inclusion capabilities, and potential for functionalization. This review focuses on recent advancements in CD-based assemblies, specifically their role in improving drug delivery, emphasizing remdesivir (RMD). The review introduces CD materials and their versatile applications in self-assembly and supramolecular assembly. CD materials offer immense potential for designing drug delivery systems with enhanced activity. Their inherent inclusion capabilities enable the encapsulation of diverse therapeutic agents, including RMD, resulting in improved solubility, stability, and bioavailability. The recent advances in CD-based assemblies, focusing on their integration with RMD have been concentrated here. Various strategies for constructing these assemblies are discussed, including physical encapsulation, covalent conjugation, and surface functionalization techniques. Furthermore, exploring future directions in these fields has also been provided. Ongoing research efforts are directed toward developing novel CD derivatives with enhanced properties, such as increased encapsulation efficiency and improved release kinetics. Moreover, the integration of CD-based assemblies with advanced technologies such as nanomedicine and gene therapy holds tremendous promise for personalized medicine and precision therapeutics Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyclodextrin Chemistry and Toxicology III)
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