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Food Security: Addressing Global Malnutrition and Hunger

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Policies and Education for Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 1149

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Interests: malnutrition; viral infection; HIV; infection; epidemiology health; public health; infectious disease epidemiology; tuberculosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quoting the FAO, “food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”.

In recent years, the frequency of various disasters, conflicts, emergencies, and the impacts of climate change have increased globally, resulting in large numbers of communities affected, with vulnerable people being more exposed and often directly dependent on food aid. Children are among the most affected, exposed to recurrent episodes of malnutrition throughout their lives. Malnutrition, including both over and undernutrition, is one of the leading contributors to death and disability in these populations. Based on current levels and past trends, the WHO’s global nutrition targets are not likely to be fully met by 2030. Therefore, scientific research supporting continued investment in preventive and treatment efforts is crucial to prevent regression.

This Special Issue invites contributions exploring various aspects of food security and malnutrition, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including the following areas:

  • How food insecurity can impact child growth and development;
  • Current levels and trends of the WHO global nutrition targets;
  • Original research on dietary patterns of age-related nutritional status in areas or communities where food insecurity exists;  
  • Epidemiological studies assessing the impact of various disasters, conflicts, emergencies, and climate change on food insecurity and malnutrition, especially in vulnerable communities;
  • Interventions in the field of public health and nutritional policies capable of reducing, mitigating, or controlling global malnutrition.

The submission of systematic reviews, narrative reviews, scoping reviews, and meta-analyses on these topics.

Prof. Dr. Leonardo Palombi
Dr. Stefania Moramarco
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food security
  • food system
  • sustainable food
  • affordable and nutritious foods
  • malnutrition
  • low-income countries
  • middle-income countries
  • public health strategies
  • children’s nutrition
  • elderly nutrition
  • obesity
  • overweight

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2009 KB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Trends in Stunting Prevalence Among Children Aged Two Years Old in Rwanda (2020–2024): A Retrospective Analysis
by Seleman Ntawuyirushintege, Ayman Ahmed, Georges Bucyibaruta, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Eric Remera, Fabrizio Tediosi and Kaspar Wyss
Nutrients 2025, 17(17), 2808; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17172808 - 29 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Stunting remains a critical public health concern affecting child growth and development, particularly among children under two years of age in low- and middle-income countries, including Rwanda. This study investigates spatiotemporal trends in stunting prevalence from 2020 to 2024 at [...] Read more.
Background and Objective: Stunting remains a critical public health concern affecting child growth and development, particularly among children under two years of age in low- and middle-income countries, including Rwanda. This study investigates spatiotemporal trends in stunting prevalence from 2020 to 2024 at the sector level using national surveillance data. Methods: To capture regional disparities and temporal trends, we used hierarchical Bayesian spatiotemporal models, which accounted for spatial structure, temporal correlations, and interactions, to estimate stunting prevalence across districts and sectors over time. Results: Between 2020 and 2024, the national prevalence of stunting among children under two years decreased from 33.1% to 21.7%, representing a 34.4% change. Three districts, Kamonyi, Nyarugenge, and Ngoma, achieved reductions of >70%, whereas Rubavu, Nyabihu, and Nyaruguru saw minimal change (14–15%). By 2024, several sectors in Kicukiro, Nyanza, Nyarugenge, and Kirehe had reduced levels of stunting below the national target of 19%. Conclusions: Despite considerable gains, significant geographical differences persist in the stunting prevalence of children under two, underscoring the need for targeted, decentralized interventions to mitigate and eliminate this in lagging areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Security: Addressing Global Malnutrition and Hunger)
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16 pages, 1617 KB  
Article
Social Determinants of the Transition in Food Consumption in Paraíba, Brazil, Between 2008 and 2018
by Sara Ferreira de Oliveira, Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo Vianna, Poliana de Araújo Palmeira, Flávia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira, Patrícia Vasconcelos Leitão Moreira, Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda Neta, Nadjeanny Ingrid Galdino Gomes, Eufrásio de Andrade Lima Neto and Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de Lima
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2550; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152550 - 4 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Dietary patterns have changed over time, characterising a process of nutritional transition that reflects socioeconomic and demographic inequalities among different populations. This study assessed changes in dietary consumption patterns and the associated social determinants, comparing two time periods in a sample of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Dietary patterns have changed over time, characterising a process of nutritional transition that reflects socioeconomic and demographic inequalities among different populations. This study assessed changes in dietary consumption patterns and the associated social determinants, comparing two time periods in a sample of individuals from a state in the Northeast Region of Brazil. Methods: Data from the 2008–2009 and 2017–2018 Household Budget Survey for the state of Paraíba were analysed, totalling 951 and 1456 individuals, respectively. Foods were categorised according to the NOVA classification and compared based on sociodemographic and economic variables. To determine the factors that most strongly explain the contribution of each NOVA food group to the diet, beta regression analysis was conducted. Results: Differences were observed between the two periods regarding the dietary contribution of the NOVA food groups, with a decrease in consumption of unprocessed foods and an increase in ultra-processed foods. Living in urban areas, being an adolescent, and having an income above the minimum wage were associated with reduced intake of unprocessed foods in both periods. Additionally, being an adolescent and having more than eight years of schooling were associated with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. Conclusions: The population under study showed changes in food consumption, reflecting a transition process that is occurring unevenly across socioeconomic and demographic groups, thereby reinforcing social inequalities. These findings can guide priorities in food and nutrition policies, highlighting the need for intervention studies to evaluate the effectiveness of such actions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Security: Addressing Global Malnutrition and Hunger)
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