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Nutrients
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Iodine Nutrition During Pregnancy, Lactation and Early Life
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Iodine Nutrition During Pregnancy, Lactation and Early Life

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Micronutrients and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 April 2025 | Viewed by 948

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Louise Brough

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
Interests: iodine; thyroid; micronutrients; pregnancy; breastfeeding; infancy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zheng Feei Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
Interests: iodine; thyroid; micronutrients; breast milk; urine to functional food; nutrition; food science; nutritional status; biomarkers’ nutritional status
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Iodine is an essential micronutrient, which is required for thyroid hormones, which are responsible for the control of growth and development. Iodine deficiency can result in a range of adverse health conditions known under the collective term ‘Iodine Deficiency Disorders’ (IDD). The most recognised condition is goitre, which occurs when hypothyroidism results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland. However, the brain and the central nervous system are especially vulnerable to thyroid hormone deficiency during pregnancy and early life. Exposure of the foetus to severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in cretinism, characterized by severe mental impairment and adverse effects on growth and development. However, research suggests that even mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in cognitive impairment in the offspring. Conversely, excessive iodine intake can also adversely affect thyroid function. It is essential that women and their infants have optimal iodine intake to prevent lifelong consequences.

This Special Issue will bring together research on iodine status during pregnancy, breastfeeding and infancy and its effects on health outcomes.

Dr. Louise Brough
Dr. Zheng Feei Ma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • iodine
  • iodine status
  • pregnancy
  • breastfeeding
  • infancy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 1923 KiB  
Article
Urinary Iodine Concentration and Thyroid Hormone Metabolism in Pregnant Women and Neurodevelopment in Their Children: A Longitudinal Canadian Birth Cohort
by Sietske A. Berghuis, Meaghan Hall, John E. Krzeczkowski, Carly V. Goodman, Jonathan Chevrier, Pierre Ayotte, Bruce Lanphear and Christine Till
Nutrients 2025, 17(5), 830; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050830 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 524
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, and THs in pregnant women are critical for fetal brain development. It is unclear whether urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) are associated with thyroid parameters in pregnant women and neurodevelopment in their 3–4-year-old children. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, and THs in pregnant women are critical for fetal brain development. It is unclear whether urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) are associated with thyroid parameters in pregnant women and neurodevelopment in their 3–4-year-old children. Methods: In the Canadian Maternal–Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort, we categorized UIC adjusted for urinary creatinine (UIC/Cr) in the first two trimesters as <150, 150–500, or ≥500 µg/g. We used multivariable regression to quantify associations between UIC/Cr and thyroid parameters in maternal plasma (n = 1501), including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total T4 (tT4), free T4 (fT4), thyroglobulin (Tg) and Tg antibodies (TgAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb). We defined positive thyroid autoantibodies as TgAb ≥ 4.11 or TPOAb ≥ 5.61 IU/mL. We also examined the associations between UIC/Cr with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (n = 503), Behavior Assessment System for Children (n = 751), and the Social Responsiveness Scale (n = 498). Results: Twenty-two percent of women had UIC/Cr < 150 and 17% ≥ 500 µg/g. UIC/Cr was not associated with TSH, tT4, or fT4. After excluding women with positive thyroid autoantibodies, those with UIC/Cr < 150 µg/g had higher tT4 compared to those with 150–500 µg/g. Compared to women with UIC/Cr 150–500 µg/g, those with UIC/Cr < 150 had higher Tg and, those with UIC/Cr ≥ 500 had less frequent positive thyroid autoantibodies. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were not associated with maternal Tg, nor did they differ for maternal UIC/Cr < 150 and ≥500 compared to 150–500 µg/g. Conclusions: In this cohort, Tg and tT4 were higher in women with UIC/Cr < 150 µg/g compared to those with UIC/Cr 150–500 µg/g. Urinary iodine in pregnant women was not associated with neurodevelopment in their 3–4-year-old children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Iodine Nutrition During Pregnancy, Lactation and Early Life)
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