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Nutrients
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Precision Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus
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Precision Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Diabetes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 4881

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Iwona Rudkowska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec, Université Laval Research Center, Laurier Boulevard, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
2. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
Interests: diabetes; fatty acids; inflammation; nutrigenomics; nutrigenetics; personalized nutrition; omics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes and its associated risk factors are a major public health concern. The emerging field of precision nutrition aims at developing nutrition recommendations based on an individual’s genomics profiles, including their genetic background, gut microbiome, metabolomics, and other omics, as well as their medical history and various environmental exposures such as diet, physical activity, or other lifestyle habits. Thus, precision nutrition may offer a novel approach to tailor the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its associated risk factors; however, more research is needed.

In this Special Issue, we are inviting authors to contribute original research and reviews that examine gene–nutrients interactions, microbiome, metabolome and metabolic responses to specific foods or dietary patterns to determine the most effective eating plan to prevent or treat diabetes risk factors. The Special Issue also welcomes research that seeks to examine if precision nutrition interventions are more effective than traditional diabetes nutrition education therapies.

Dr. Iwona Rudkowska
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrients
  • bioactive compounds
  • healthy dietary pattern
  • glycemic control
  • nutrigenomics
  • metabolomics
  • gut microbiota
  • cardiometabolic disease
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 2823 KiB  
Article
Standards for the Use of Enteral Nutrition in Patients with Diabetes or Stress Hyperglycaemia: Expert Consensus
by María I. Rebollo-Pérez, Luna Florencio Ojeda, Pedro P. García-Luna, José A. Irles Rocamora, Gabriel Olveira, Juan Ramón Lacalle Remigio, Carmen Arraiza Irigoyen, Alfonso Calañas Continente, Cristina Campos Martín, María Luisa Fernández Soto, José Manuel García Almeida, María Laínez López, Concepción Losada Morell, Luis Miguel Luengo Pérez, Teodosia Muñoz de Escalona Martínez, José L. Pereira-Cunill, Francisco J. Vílchez-López and Juana M. Rabat-Restrepo
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4976; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234976 - 30 Nov 2023
Viewed by 2744
Abstract
(1) Background: Hyperglycaemia that occurs during enteral nutrition (EN) should be prevented and treated appropriately since it can have important consequences for morbidity and mortality. However, there are few quality studies in the literature regarding the management of EN in this situation. The [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Hyperglycaemia that occurs during enteral nutrition (EN) should be prevented and treated appropriately since it can have important consequences for morbidity and mortality. However, there are few quality studies in the literature regarding the management of EN in this situation. The objective of this project was to attempt to respond, through a panel of experts, to those clinical problems regarding EN in patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia (hereinafter referred to only as hyperglycaemia) for which we do not have conclusive scientific evidence; (2) Methods: The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, a modified Delphi panel method, was applied. A panel of experts made up of 10 clinical nutrition specialists was formed, and they scored on the appropriateness of EN in hyperglycaemia, doing so in two rounds. A total of 2992 clinical scenarios were examined, which were stratified into five chapters: type of formula used, method of administration, infusion site, treatment of diabetes, and gastrointestinal complications. (3) Results: consensus was detected in 36.4% of the clinical scenarios presented, of which 23.7% were deemed appropriate scenarios, while 12.7% were deemed inappropriate. The remaining 63.6% of the scenarios were classified as uncertain; (4) Conclusions: The recommendations extracted will be useful for improving the clinical management of these patients. However, there are still many uncertain scenarios reflecting that the criteria for the management of EN in hyperglycaemia are not completely standardised. More studies are required to provide quality recommendations in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus)
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15 pages, 315 KiB  
Article
Dairy Intake Modifies the Level of the Bile Acid Precursor and Its Correlation with Serum Proteins Associated with Cholesterol Clearance in Subjects with Hyperinsulinemia
by Atena Mahdavi, Jocelyn Trottier, Olivier Barbier, Michel Lebel and Iwona Rudkowska
Nutrients 2023, 15(22), 4707; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224707 - 7 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1756
Abstract
Bile acids regulate glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Further, the levels of bile acids can be influenced by the intake of dairy products. Although the serum proteome can provide information on the biological pathways associated with different metabolites, it is unknown whether the [...] Read more.
Bile acids regulate glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Further, the levels of bile acids can be influenced by the intake of dairy products. Although the serum proteome can provide information on the biological pathways associated with different metabolites, it is unknown whether the intake of dairy modifies such associations between bile acids and the proteome. The objectives of this study were to examine plasma bile acid profiles, find the correlations between bile acids and lipid as well as glycemic markers, and to uncover the correlation between bile acids and proteins after high dairy (HD) and adequate dairy (AD) intake among 25 overweight individuals with hyperinsulinemia. In this randomized crossover-trial study, hyperinsulinemia adults were randomized to both HD (≥4 servings/day) and AD (≤2 servings/day) for 6 weeks. Measurements and analyses were performed on before- as well as after- AD and HD conditions. The results indicated that plasma 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7AC4) increased after HD in comparison with before HD intake (p = 0.03). After adjusting for BMI, age, and sex, 7AC4 positively correlated with triglyceride levels in the pre-AD (r = 0.44; p = 0.03) and post-HD (r = 0.42; p = 0.04). Further, 7AC4 correlated positively with proteins associated with high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling pathway and reverse cholesterol transport only after HD consumption. Thus, the consumption of higher dairy intake modifies the association between 7AC4—a biomarker for bile acid synthesis—and serum proteins involved in cholesterol clearance. Overall, higher dairy consumption may have a positive effect on cholesterol metabolism in subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus)
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