The Potential of Gut Microbiota in Cancer
A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 25
Special Issue Editor
Interests: endoscopes; cancer; oncology; endoscopic surgery; cancer diagnostics; Barrett's esophagus; atrophic gastritis; colon polyposis; tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Beyond the well-established contribution of specific GI bacteria in local carcinogenesis (such as Heliobacter pylori in gastric cancer), it is now clear that the microorganisms within the GI tract can also influence states of health and disease (including cancer) at the systemic level.
A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Several studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, but also interfere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents.
One of the most important advances in cancer treatment over the past decade involves the use of immunotherapy and the treatment with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has markedly improved survival across numerous cancer types. However, the efficacy of ICB is limited by quite high rates of primary or acquired resistance to treatment. An emerging body of evidence has now implicated host-intrinsic microorganisms and their genes, particularly those microorganisms that reside within the GI tract, in influencing response to ICB. Indeed, the composition of the gut microbiome appears to both distinguish healthy individuals from patients with cancer and responders from nonresponders in several ICB-treated cancer cohorts. These findings have led to the development and implementation of new microbiome-based treatment strategies aimed at modulating patient gut microorganisms and their function to reduce the risk of cancer development in high risk patients and to enhance clinical response to ICB. Currently, several interventional strategies, such as fecal microbiome transplant (FMT), prebiotic, probiotic and antibiotic treatments and dietary interventions, have shown promising results as modulators of the gut microbiome.
Dr. Stefano Realdon
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- gut microbiota
- cancer
- immunotherapy
- fecal microbiome transplant
- prebiotic
- probiotic
- dietary interventions
