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Focus on Diet and Nutrition in Early Life of Infants

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 1050

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Neonatal Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
Interests: neonatology; breastfeeding; resuscitation; pediatrics; diet; infancy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutrition in infancy and early childhood is known to be associated with infant and childhood morbidity and child quality of life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, the first 1000 days of a child’s life, starting from conception up to the first 2 years of life, are strongly correlated with the possibility of the child reaching their optimal development in relation to their genetic potential. Proper nutrition is the right of every child, and the state is obliged to ensure this right for all children. The WHO estimates that, every year, 45% of child deaths worldwide are due to the inability to ensure good nutrition for these children, but it is now known that in addition to infant morbidity and mortality, nutrition in the first years of a child’s life is associated with the risk of developing chronic diseases later in adulthood, as well as the child’s normal mental and physical development. This effect of diet on health in adulthood is linked to ‘programming’ and is a risk factor for poor diet.

Dr. Zoi Iliodromiti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • early life
  • breastfeeding
  • microbiota
  • diet
  • infancy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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10 pages, 262 KiB  
Article
Usual Choline Intake of Australian Children 6–24 Months: Findings from the Australian Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (OzFITS 2021)
by Zhixiao Li, Shao J. Zhou, Tim J. Green and Najma A. Moumin
Nutrients 2024, 16(12), 1927; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121927 - 18 Jun 2024
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Abstract
(1) Background: Despite the important role choline plays in child development, there are no data on dietary choline intake in early childhood in Australia. (2) Aim: In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the usual total choline intake and the proportion exceeding the Adequate [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Despite the important role choline plays in child development, there are no data on dietary choline intake in early childhood in Australia. (2) Aim: In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the usual total choline intake and the proportion exceeding the Adequate Intake (AI) and determined the main dietary sources of choline in infants 6–12 months (n = 286) and toddlers 12–24 months (n = 475) of age. (3) Methods: A single 24-h food record with repeats collected during the 2021 Australian Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (OzFITS 2021) was used to estimate dietary choline intake. (4) Results: The mean choline intake was 142 ± 1.9 mg/day in infants and 181 ± 1.2 mg/day in toddlers. Only 35% of infants and 23% of toddlers exceeded the AI for choline based on Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) for Australia and New Zealand. Breastmilk was the leading source of choline, contributing 42% and 14% of total choline intake in infants and toddlers, respectively; however, egg consumers had the highest adjusted choline intakes and probability of exceeding the AI. (5) Conclusions: Findings suggest that choline intake may be suboptimal in Australian infants and toddlers. Further research to examine the impact of low choline intake on child development is warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Diet and Nutrition in Early Life of Infants)

Other

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14 pages, 3138 KiB  
Systematic Review
Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membrane Supplementation and Neurocognitive Development: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Therdpong Thongseiratch, Kulnipa Kittisakmontri and Nutthaporn Chandeying
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2374; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142374 - 22 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Given the limited evidence, there is no conclusive proof of the neurocognitive benefits of bovine milk fat globule membrane supplementation in infant formula. This study evaluates the neurocognitive benefits of bovine milk fat globule membrane supplementation in formula, comparing it to standard formula [...] Read more.
Given the limited evidence, there is no conclusive proof of the neurocognitive benefits of bovine milk fat globule membrane supplementation in infant formula. This study evaluates the neurocognitive benefits of bovine milk fat globule membrane supplementation in formula, comparing it to standard formula and assessing its noninferiority to breast milk. Data were sourced from studies published between January 2000 and March 2024 from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase. Eight randomized controlled trials involving 1352 healthy term neonates, infants, and children up to 2 years old were included. Bovine milk fat globule membrane supplementation was significantly associated with improved cognitive development (mean difference: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.65 to 4.93, p < 0.001) and demonstrated minimal heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p = 0.564). It showed significant improvement in executive function but not in language, motor, or social-emotional development. In non-inferiority analysis, there was no significant difference compared to breast milk regarding cognitive development. These findings support bovine milk fat globule membrane as a valuable addition to infant formula for cognitive benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Diet and Nutrition in Early Life of Infants)
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