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Nutrients
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Trace Minerals in Human Health: Hot Topics and Information Update
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Trace Minerals in Human Health: Hot Topics and Information Update

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Micronutrients and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 3372

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Agostinho Almeida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
Interests: trace element imbalances in hemodialysis patients; elemental mapping of the human brain; food and environmental exposure to toxic trace elements; natural exposure to lithium and suicide rate in the general population
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Henrique Nascimento

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Neurology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo, António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
Interests: neurology; dementia; movement disorders; neurodegeneration; oxidative stress; inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Trace minerals play critical roles in metabolism, growth, development, immune function, and overall human health. Knowledge in this area has greatly benefited from advances in analytical techniques observed in recent decades, particularly the widespread use of ICP-MS. We call on researchers to share their latest work on the relationship between trace minerals and human health. Interventional, epidemiological, and biomonitoring studies are especially welcome, as well as comprehensive reviews on the latest evidence. We expect to receive contributions with new information on the most recognized essential trace minerals (iron, zinc, copper, iodine, selenium, manganese, and chromium), but also on elements such as molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, fluoride, rubidium, strontium, and lithium. Specific topics such as the safety of gadolinium or iodine as contrast agents, manganese and acquired hepatocerebral degeneration, trace minerals imbalances in chronic hemodialysis patients, or natural (environmental and dietary) exposure to lithium and the prevalence of suicide in the general population are also welcome. We would also greatly appreciate new data on trace minerals in breast milk and its relationship to children's developmental outcomes, studies on trace minerals and immunity (namely, in COVID and AIDS patients), and studies on current trace mineral intake by disadvantaged populations, especially in developing countries.

Prof. Dr. Agostinho Almeida
Dr. Henrique Nascimento
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • trace minerals/trace elements
  • human health
  • human brain
  • cognitive decline
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • human milk
  • mother health
  • child development
  • immunity
  • hemodialysis patients
  • dietary intakes
  • deficiencies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1228 KiB  
Article
Association between Serum Zinc and All-Cause Mortality in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: The Osaka Dialysis Complication Study (ODCS)
by Shinya Nakatani, Tetsuo Shoji, Fumiyuki Morioka, Rino Nakaya, Mayuko Ueda, Hideki Uedono, Akihiro Tsuda, Tomoaki Morioka, Hisako Fujii, Hisako Yoshida, Katsuhito Mori and Masanori Emoto
Nutrients 2024, 16(19), 3270; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193270 - 27 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Zinc is an essential microelement, and its deficiency is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, the association between serum zinc and mortality in these patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the possible association between serum zinc levels [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Zinc is an essential microelement, and its deficiency is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, the association between serum zinc and mortality in these patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the possible association between serum zinc levels and all-cause mortality in prevalent patients with kidney failure on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of maintenance hemodialysis patients followed up for 5 years. The key exposure was serum zinc level measured at baseline, and the outcome was all-cause mortality. Their association was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Among 1662 eligible patients selected for this analysis, 468 (28%) died. Lower serum zinc levels were associated with a higher risk for mortality, independent of the major demographic factors and factors including mineral and bone disorder and renal anemia. However, this association was no longer significant when adjusted for serum albumin. Because there was a close correlation between serum zinc and albumin levels, we performed further analyses in which participants were categorized into four groups by median serum zinc (68 µg/dL) and albumin (3.7 g/dL) levels. In the lower serum albumin groups, risk of death was significantly higher in those with lower zinc than those with higher zinc levels, whereas such a difference was not significant in the high serum albumin groups. Conclusions: In patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with lower serum albumin levels, a lower serum zinc level was associated with a higher risk of mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Minerals in Human Health: Hot Topics and Information Update)
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Review

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24 pages, 4927 KiB  
Review
Emerging Perspectives in Zinc Transporter Research in Prostate Cancer: An Updated Review
by Samantha Acevedo, María Fernanda Segovia and Erwin de la Fuente-Ortega
Nutrients 2024, 16(13), 2026; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16132026 - 26 Jun 2024
Viewed by 2136
Abstract
Dysregulation of zinc and zinc transporters families has been associated with the genesis and progression of prostate cancer. The prostate epithelium utilizes two types of zinc transporters, the ZIP (Zrt-, Irt-related Protein) and the ZnTs (Zinc Transporter), to transport zinc from the blood [...] Read more.
Dysregulation of zinc and zinc transporters families has been associated with the genesis and progression of prostate cancer. The prostate epithelium utilizes two types of zinc transporters, the ZIP (Zrt-, Irt-related Protein) and the ZnTs (Zinc Transporter), to transport zinc from the blood plasma to the gland lumen. ZIP transporters uptake zinc from extracellular space and organelle lumen, while ZnT transporters release zinc outside the cells or to organelle lumen. In prostate cancer, a commonly observed low zinc concentration in prostate tissue has been correlated with downregulations of certain ZIPs (e.g., ZIP1, ZIP2, ZIP3, ZIP14) and upregulations of specific ZnTs (e.g., ZnT1, ZnT9, ZnT10). These alterations may enable cancer cells to adapt to toxic high zinc levels. While zinc supplementation has been suggested as a potential therapy for this type of cancer, studies have yielded inconsistent results because some trials have indicated that zinc supplementation could exacerbate cancer risk. The reason for this discrepancy remains unclear, but given the high molecular and genetic variability present in prostate tumors, it is plausible that some zinc transporters—comprising 14 ZIP and 10 ZnT members—could be dysregulated in others patterns that promote cancer. From this perspective, this review highlights novel dysregulation, such as ZIP-Up/ZnT-Down, observed in prostate cancer cell lines for ZIP4, ZIP8, ZnT2, ZnT4, ZnT5, etc. Additionally, an in silico analysis of an available microarray from mouse models of prostate cancer (Nkx3.1;Pten) predicts similar dysregulation pattern for ZIP4, ZIP8, and ZnT2, which appear in early stages of prostate cancer progression. Furthermore, similar dysregulation patterns are supported by an in silico analysis of RNA-seq data from human cancer tumors available in cBioPortal. We discuss how these dysregulations of zinc transporters could impact zinc supplementation trials, particularly focusing on how the ZIP-Up/ZnT-Down dysregulation through various mechanisms might promote prostate cancer progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Minerals in Human Health: Hot Topics and Information Update)
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