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Nutraceuticals for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 April 2024) | Viewed by 2839

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
2. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; andrology; infertility; cytokines; the gut microbiota; epidemiology; nutraceutical polyphenols; micronutrients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of the Life, San Raffale University, 00166 Roma, Italy
Interests: gut microbiota; virology; epidemiology; nutraceutical polyphenols; micronutrients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,                                                                                                   

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Over the past 10 years, many studies amply demonstrate that nutraceuticals could be used in the prevention and treatment of IBD and sought better alternative or supplementary treatment methods for IBD patients. Furthermore, nutraceuticals regulate intestinal immune homeostasis and improve intestinal barrier function. For example, the therapeutic effects of polyphenols in IBD include a reduction in local oxidative stress, the regulation of NF-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and the downregulated secretion of inflammatory factors such as TNF- α and IL-8. Furthermore, the therapeutic effect of resveratrol on IBD was attributed to reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting the activation of NF-kB, and reducing proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. In addition, polyphenols can regulate the structure and function of intestinal flora, improve the stability of tight junctions, and strengthen intestinal barrier function. Other studies have shown that polyphenols can increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the intestinal tract, and a large dose of polyphenols can reduce pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it is favourable to verify the usefulness of nutraceuticals in order to promote the intestinal microbiota as the first line of prevention and ensure a fair balance between the populations of microorganisms that inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Castiglione
Dr. Paola Checconi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • nutraceutical polyphenols
  • gut microbiota
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammatory cytokines
  • infections and chronic inflammatory bowel disease
  • reproductive health
  • infertility
  • prostate diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 5593 KiB  
Article
Modulation of the Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Repair by Microbiota Extracellular Vesicles through the Differential Regulation of Trefoil Factor 3 in LS174T Goblet Cells
by Yenifer Olivo-Martínez, Manel Bosch, Josefa Badia and Laura Baldomà
Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2437; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112437 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2306
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) plays a key role in the maintenance and repair of intestinal mucosa. TFF3 expression is upregulated by the microbiota through TLR2. At the posttranscriptional level, TFF3 is downregulated by miR-7-5p. Reduced TFF3 levels have been detected in the damaged [...] Read more.
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) plays a key role in the maintenance and repair of intestinal mucosa. TFF3 expression is upregulated by the microbiota through TLR2. At the posttranscriptional level, TFF3 is downregulated by miR-7-5p. Reduced TFF3 levels have been detected in the damaged tissue of IBD patients. Here, we investigate the regulation of TFF3 expression by microbiota extracellular vesicles (EVs) in LS174T goblet cells using RT-qPCR and inhibitors of the TLR2 or PI3K pathways. To evaluate the subsequent impact on epithelial barrier function, conditioned media from control and vesicle-stimulated LS174T cells were used to treat Caco-2 monolayers. The barrier-strengthening effects were evaluated by analysing the expression and subcellular distribution of tight junction proteins, and the repairing effects were assessed using wound-healing assays. The results showed a differential regulation of TFF3 in LS174T via EVs from the probiotic EcN and the commensal ECOR12. EcN EVs activated the TFF3 production through TLR2 and downregulated miR7-5-p through PI3K. Consistently, high levels of secreted TFF3 reinforced the tight junctions and stimulated wound healing in the Caco-2 cells. ECOR12 EVs did not cause these effects. TFF3 is a potential therapeutic target in IBD. This study contributes to understanding the molecular players (microbiota EVs) connecting gut microbes to health and may help in designing better nutritional interventions based on microbiota bioactive compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutraceuticals for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD))
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