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Effect of Nutritional Conditions on Maternal and Infant Health in Different Periods of Gestation and Lactation

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 December 2024 | Viewed by 3194

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mariona Palou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
3. CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4. Alimentómica S.L. Camí de na Pontons. s/n (Pol.11, Parc 3), 07310 Campanet, Spain
Interests: perinatal nutrition; metabolic programming and regulation; obesity; diets; metabolic alterations; nutrigenomics; bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Barbara Reynés

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
3. CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4. Alimentómica S.L. Camí de na Pontons. s/n (Pol.11, Parc 3), 07310 Campanet, Spain
Interests: obesity; diets; metabolic alterations; nutrigenomics; nutrigenetics; bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pregnancy and lactation are critical developmental periods for determining the risk of chronic diseases in offspring, and nutritional status plays a vital role in the health of mother and baby. Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy is strongly associated with adverse infant programming, such as high risk of later diabetes devolvement. On the other hand, the high incidence of women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity is a main driver of the obesity pandemic, generating a cycle of obesity transmission from generation to generation. Besides gestation, lactation is another key window for metabolic programming. Breast milk can provide personalized nutrition and have short- and long-term health benefits for both baby and mother. However, the influence of certain maternal environments, particularly unbalanced diets and/or obesity, on milk composition and the effects for infant health have barely been explored.

For this Special Issue, we invite submissions of evidence-based manuscripts in both humans and animal models, reviews or meta-analyses focusing on the effect of nutritional conditions and dietary interventions during gestation and lactation on maternal and infant health. Works analysing the molecular mechanisms implicated are also welcome. Ultimately, we hope the content will be useful for clinical practitioners and inspire further innovative research.

Dr. Mariona Palou
Dr. Barbara Reynés
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gestation
  • lactation
  • dietary interventions
  • nutritional deficiency
  • unbalanced diets
  • maternal and infant health

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 13265 KiB  
Article
Placental Element Content Assessed via Synchrotron-Based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy Identifies Low Molybdenum Concentrations in Foetal Growth Restriction, Postdate Delivery and Stillbirth
by Vladimira Foteva, Kaushik Maiti, Joshua J. Fisher, Yixue Qiao, David J. Paterson, Michael W. M. Jones and Roger Smith
Nutrients 2024, 16(15), 2549; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152549 - 3 Aug 2024
Viewed by 771
Abstract
Placental health and foetal development are dependent upon element homeostasis. Analytical techniques such as mass spectroscopy can provide quantitative data on element concentrations in placental tissue but do not show spatial distribution or co-localisation of elements that may affect placental function. The present [...] Read more.
Placental health and foetal development are dependent upon element homeostasis. Analytical techniques such as mass spectroscopy can provide quantitative data on element concentrations in placental tissue but do not show spatial distribution or co-localisation of elements that may affect placental function. The present study used synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy to elucidate element content and distribution in healthy and pathological placental tissue. The X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) beamline at the Australian Synchrotron was used to image trace metal content of 19 placental sections from healthy term (n = 5, 37–39 weeks), foetal growth-restricted (n = 3, <32 weeks, birth weight <3rd centile), postdate (n = 7, >41 completed weeks), and stillbirth-complicated pregnancies (n = 4, 37–40 weeks). Samples were cryo-sectioned and freeze-dried. The concentration and distribution of fourteen elements were detected in all samples: arsenic, bromine, calcium, chlorine, copper, iron, molybdenum, phosphorous, potassium, rubidium, selenium, strontium, sulphur, and zinc. The elements zinc, calcium, phosphorous, and strontium were significantly increased in stillbirth placental tissue in comparison to healthy-term controls. Strontium, zinc, and calcium were found to co-localise in stillbirth tissue samples, and calcium and strontium concentrations were correlated in all placental groups. Molybdenum was significantly decreased in stillbirth, foetal growth-restricted, and postdate placental tissue in comparison to healthy-term samples (p < 0.0001). Synchrotron-based XFM reveals elemental distribution within biological samples such as the placenta, allowing for the co-localisation of metal deposits that may have a pathological role. Our pilot study further indicates low concentrations of placental molybdenum in pregnancies complicated by foetal growth restriction, postdate delivery, and stillbirth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Nutritional Conditions on Maternal and Infant Health in Different Periods of Gestation and Lactation)
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25 pages, 4037 KiB  
Article
Maternal Synbiotic Supplementation with B. breve M-16V and scGOS/lcFOS Shape Offspring Immune Development and Gut Microbiota at the End of Suckling
by Laura Sáez-Fuertes, Garyfallia Kapravelou, Blanca Grases-Pintó, Manuel Bernabeu, Karen Knipping, Johan Garssen, Raphaëlle Bourdet-Sicard, Margarida Castell, María Carmen Collado, Francisco José Pérez-Cano and María José Rodríguez-Lagunas
Nutrients 2024, 16(12), 1890; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121890 - 15 Jun 2024
Viewed by 744
Abstract
Immune system development during gestation and suckling is significantly modulated by maternal environmental and dietary factors. Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal source of nutrition for infant growth and immune maturation, and its composition can be modulated by the maternal diet. In [...] Read more.
Immune system development during gestation and suckling is significantly modulated by maternal environmental and dietary factors. Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal source of nutrition for infant growth and immune maturation, and its composition can be modulated by the maternal diet. In the present work, we investigated whether oral supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V and short-chain galacto-oligosaccharide (scGOS) and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharide (lcFOS) to rat dams during gestation and lactation has an impact on the immune system and microbiota composition of the offspring at day 21 of life. On that day, blood, adipose tissue, small intestine (SI), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), salivary gland (SG), cecum, and spleen were collected. Synbiotic supplementation did not affect the overall body or organ growth of the pups. The gene expression of Tlr9, Muc2, IgA, and Blimp1 were upregulated in the SI, and the increase in IgA gene expression was further confirmed at the protein level in the gut wash. Synbiotic supplementation also positively impacted the microbiota composition in both the small and large intestines, resulting in higher proportions of Bifidobacterium genus, among others. In addition, there was an increase in butanoic, isobutanoic, and acetic acid concentrations in the cecum but a reduction in the small intestine. At the systemic level, synbiotic supplementation resulted in higher levels of immunoglobulin IgG2c in plasma, SG, and MLN, but it did not modify the main lymphocyte subsets in the spleen and MLN. Overall, synbiotic maternal supplementation is able to positively influence the immune system development and microbiota of the suckling offspring, particularly at the gastrointestinal level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Nutritional Conditions on Maternal and Infant Health in Different Periods of Gestation and Lactation)
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19 pages, 5573 KiB  
Article
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor as a Potential Mediator of the Beneficial Effects of Myo-Inositol Supplementation during Suckling in the Offspring of Gestational-Calorie-Restricted Rats
by Ana Valle, Pedro Castillo, Adrián García-Rodríguez, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou and Catalina Picó
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16070980 - 27 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1160
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of myo-inositol (MI) supplementation during suckling against the detrimental effects of fetal energy restriction described in animal studies, particularly focusing on the potential connections with BDNF signaling. Oral physiological doses of [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of myo-inositol (MI) supplementation during suckling against the detrimental effects of fetal energy restriction described in animal studies, particularly focusing on the potential connections with BDNF signaling. Oral physiological doses of MI or the vehicle were given daily to the offspring of control (CON) and 25%-calorie-restricted (CR) pregnant rats during suckling. The animals were weaned and then fed a standard diet until 5 months of age, when the diet was switched to a Western diet until 7 months of age. At 25 days and 7 months of age, the plasma BDNF levels and mRNA expression were analyzed in the hypothalamus and three adipose tissue depots. MI supplementation, especially in the context of gestational calorie restriction, promoted BDNF secretion and signaling at a juvenile age and in adulthood, which was more evident in the male offspring of the CR dams than in females. Moreover, the CR animals supplemented with MI exhibited a stimulated anorexigenic signaling pathway in the hypothalamus, along with improved peripheral glucose management and enhanced browning capacity. These findings suggest a novel connection between MI supplementation during suckling, BDNF signaling, and metabolic programming, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of MI during lactation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Nutritional Conditions on Maternal and Infant Health in Different Periods of Gestation and Lactation)
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