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The Role of Dietary Guidelines in Health and Disease

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Dr. Ming-Chieh Li

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Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
Interests: environmental and nutritional epidemiology; health policy and law

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the Special Issue of Nutrients entitled “The Role of Dietary Guidelines in Health and Disease.” Although general dietary guidelines, such as the Dietary Guidelines for Americans or the Taiwan Daily Food Guide, have been developed based on nutritional knowledge, few studies have examined the effectiveness of guideline adherence on health outcomes. This Special Issue aims to fill this gap by providing a platform for original research and literature reviews that examine the potential effects of general dietary guidelines on health outcomes. In addition, this Special Issue will also explore the specific health benefits of certain dietary guidelines, such as the Mediterranean diet or the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary guidelines in promoting health and preventing disease.

Dr. Ming-Chieh Li
Guest Editor

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Keywords

dietary guideline
daily food guide
healthy diet
dietary approaches
dietary patterns

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Research

16 pages, 1456 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Kindergarten Meals Improve the Daily Intake of Vegetables, Whole Grains, and Nuts among Preschool Children? A Randomized Controlled Evaluation

by Maja Berlic, Tadej Battelino and Mojca Korošec

Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 4088; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15184088 - 21 Sep 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1538

Abstract

Surveys have indicated that preschool children do not consume adequate amounts of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and nuts. This cross-sectional intervention study aimed to investigate whether a meticulously crafted meal plan for children of kindergarten age (5–6 years) could effectively enhance their daily intake of nutritious foods. Ninety-four healthy children from six kindergartens were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to a prototype group (PG) and a control group (CG). The PG kindergartens (n = 4) received a prototype 5-day meal plan that included regulated portions of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and nuts adhering to dietary guidelines. Conversely, the CG kindergartens (n = 2) adhered to their standard meal plan. Participants maintained their usual eating habits outside of kindergarten and during weekends. Using the dietary assessment tool Open Platform for Clinical Nutrition (OPEN), combined with a 7-day dietary record of food consumed inside and outside the kindergarten, the average daily intake of specific food groups was assessed and compared with the Dietary Guidelines for Children. A total of 57 participants completed the study, 40 from the PG and 17 from the CG. Among the PG participants, the average daily intake of vegetables, whole grains, and nuts compared with the guideline recommendations was significantly higher than in the CG. Notably, only meals consumed within the kindergarten setting significantly improved the overall intake, with the outside intake having no significant effect. This study underscores the vital role of a well-designed and precisely executed meal plan in kindergartens in improving children’s intake of healthy foods. The findings could help drive positive changes in child nutrition within educational environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Dietary Guidelines in Health and Disease)

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18 pages, 500 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Associations between Dietary Patterns, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Indices and the Number of MetS Components in Polish Adults with Metabolic Disorders

by Agnieszka Białkowska, Magdalena Górnicka, Monika A. Zielinska-Pukos and Jadwiga Hamulka

Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2237; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102237 - 9 May 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1813

Abstract

Diet-therapy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is of great importance due to significant health and social consequences. The aim of this study was (1) to determine dietary patterns (DPs), and (2) to search for associations between defined DPs, anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices, and the number of MetS components in Polish adults with metabolic disorders. The study was designed as a cross-sectional. The study group was 276 adults. Data about the frequency of consumption of selected food groups were collected. Anthropometric measurements: body height (H), body weight (BW), waist (WC), and hip (HC), as well as body composition, were taken. Blood samples were obtained for measurements of glucose and lipids. The obtained biochemical and anthropometric parameters were used to calculate the anthropometric and metabolic dysfunction indices. Three dietary patterns were identified in our study group: Western, Prudent and Low Food. Results of logistic regression analysis indicated rare consumption of fish as a predictor of risk of more severe forms of MetS. The possibility of using body roundness index (BRI) for fast diagnosis of cardiometabolic risk was found. In the management of MetS, the development of strategies to reduce the risk of more severe forms of MetS should be focused on increasing fish consumption and other prohealthy food. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Dietary Guidelines in Health and Disease)

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