Host-Parasite Interactions during Malaria Transmission

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitic Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2021) | Viewed by 10819

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lund University
Interests: Malaria; Babesia; host-parasite interactions; immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malaria is still a major global cause for morbidity and mortality. Malaria parasites have evolved together with humans and mosquitoes to create a system where humans can develop symptoms but still survive in enough numbers to keep spreading the disease. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for most of the deaths due to malaria, and it has the ability to invade red blood cells through many different receptors. This is a challenge when trying to create a vaccine, something that is urgently needed because of increasing resistance to medications. Which antigens to use in a vaccine is under investigation, but so far there has not been one single antigen that has given satisfying data from a protection point of view, even if antibodies were formed. The process of parasite invasion is fast, but during the approximately 48-hour life cycle of P. falciparum, new proteins are expressed on the surface of the red blood cell and can adhere both to other red blood cells and endothelial cells. How natural immunity is formed is still under investigation, but it is clear that antibodies are of importance, as well as cellular responses. For this Special Issue of Pathogens, we invite you to submit a review or research article related to the interaction between the malaria parasites and the human host. We look forward to your contributions.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Invasion of red blood cells
  • Interaction of infected red blood cells with other human cells
  • Immune responses in malaria
  • Vaccine development

Assoc. Prof. Kristina E. M. Persson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Malaria Plasmodium
  • Falciparum
  • Invasion
  • Red blood cells
  • Immunity
  • Antibodies

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

11 pages, 283 KiB  
Review
Naturally Acquired Antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum: Friend or Foe?
by Muyideen Kolapo Tijani, Allan Lugaajju and Kristina E. M. Persson
Pathogens 2021, 10(7), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070832 - 2 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2461
Abstract
Antibodies are central to acquired immunity against malaria. Plasmodium falciparum elicits antibody responses against many of its protein components, but there is also formation of antibodies against different parts of the red blood cells, in which the parasites spend most of their time. [...] Read more.
Antibodies are central to acquired immunity against malaria. Plasmodium falciparum elicits antibody responses against many of its protein components, but there is also formation of antibodies against different parts of the red blood cells, in which the parasites spend most of their time. In the absence of a decisive intervention such as a vaccine, people living in malaria endemic regions largely depend on naturally acquired antibodies for protection. However, these antibodies do not confer sterile immunity and the mechanisms of action are still unclear. Most studies have focused on the inhibitory effect of antibodies, but here, we review both the beneficial as well as the potentially harmful roles of naturally acquired antibodies, as well as autoantibodies formed in malaria. We discuss different studies that have sought to understand acquired antibody responses against P. falciparum antigens, and potential problems when different antibodies are combined, such as in naturally acquired immunity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Parasite Interactions during Malaria Transmission)
22 pages, 1220 KiB  
Review
Targeting Gametocytes of the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum in a Functional Genomics Era: Next Steps
by Jyotsna Chawla, Jenna Oberstaller and John H. Adams
Pathogens 2021, 10(3), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030346 - 16 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 7261
Abstract
Mosquito transmission of the deadly malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is mediated by mature sexual forms (gametocytes). Circulating in the vertebrate host, relatively few intraerythrocytic gametocytes are picked up during a bloodmeal to continue sexual development in the mosquito vector. Human-to-vector transmission thus represents [...] Read more.
Mosquito transmission of the deadly malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is mediated by mature sexual forms (gametocytes). Circulating in the vertebrate host, relatively few intraerythrocytic gametocytes are picked up during a bloodmeal to continue sexual development in the mosquito vector. Human-to-vector transmission thus represents an infection bottleneck in the parasite’s life cycle for therapeutic interventions to prevent malaria. Even though recent progress has been made in the identification of genetic factors linked to gametocytogenesis, a plethora of genes essential for sexual-stage development are yet to be unraveled. In this review, we revisit P. falciparum transmission biology by discussing targetable features of gametocytes and provide a perspective on a forward-genetic approach for identification of novel transmission-blocking candidates in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Parasite Interactions during Malaria Transmission)
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