Cancer Treatment Toxicities: Molecular Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 5160

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
Interests: inflammation; cancer; cancer chemotherapy toxicities

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
Interests: inflammation; cancer; cancer chemotherapy toxicities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer is a group of challenging diseases with high incidence and mortality. It is one of the leading causes of death in the world. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, 30.2 million new cases of cancer and 16.3 million deaths are expected by 2040. There are also an estimated 50 million current survivors of this pathology, many of whom have sequelae from the toxic effects of oncological treatments. Remarkably, the still-unsatisfactory knowledge of the pathogenesis of most of these side effects is reflected in the small number of protective therapeutic options. Consequently, adverse severe effects often lead to treatment discontinuation, compromising its overall effectiveness, and increasing the costs for the health system, becoming a critical public health problem.                    

Identifying molecular targets to develop novel therapeutic approaches opens perspectives for the effective clinical management of the side effects of cancer treatment, reducing morbidity and increasing patients’ quality of life.                   

The journal Pharmaceuticals welcomes high-quality reviews and original articles that focus on experimental, clinical, or translational research on the pathogenesis of cancer treatment toxicities and the discovery of novel therapeutic compounds to manage these side effects. The collection of manuscripts will be published as a Special Issue.

Dr. Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
Dr. Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cancer treatment toxicities
  • side effects
  • pathogenesis
  • inflammation
  • pain
  • animal models
  • drug target discovery
  • preclinical and clinical drug research
  • natural compounds

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2141 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effect of Loratadine versus Diosmin/Hesperidin Combination on Vinca Alkaloids-Induced Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
by Noha Kamal, Mahmoud S. Abdallah, Essam Abdel Wahed, Nagwa A. Sabri and Sarah Farid Fahmy
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(5), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17050609 - 9 May 2024
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Abstract
Neurological injury is a crucial problem that interferes with the therapeutic use of vinca alkaloids as well as the quality of patient life. This study was conducted to assess the impact of using loratadine or diosmin/hesperidin on neuropathy induced by vinca alkaloids. Patients [...] Read more.
Neurological injury is a crucial problem that interferes with the therapeutic use of vinca alkaloids as well as the quality of patient life. This study was conducted to assess the impact of using loratadine or diosmin/hesperidin on neuropathy induced by vinca alkaloids. Patients were randomized into one of three groups as follows: group 1 was the control group, group 2 received 450 mg diosmin and 50 mg hesperidin combination orally twice daily, and group 3 received loratadine 10 mg orally once daily. Subjective scores (numeric pain rating scale, douleur neuropathique 4, and functional assessment of cancer therapy/gynecologic oncology group–neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx) scores), neuroinflammation biomarkers, adverse drug effects, quality of life, and response to chemotherapy were compared among the three groups. Both diosmin/hesperidin and loratadine improved the results of the neurotoxicity subscale in the FACT/GOG-Ntx score (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 respectively) and ameliorated the upsurge in neuroinflammation serum biomarkers. They also reduced the incidence and timing of paresthesia (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and dysuria occurrence (p = 0.042). Both loratadine and diosmin/hesperidin attenuated the intensity of acute neuropathy triggered by vinca alkaloids. Furthermore, they did not increase the frequency of adverse effects or interfere with the treatment response. Full article
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Review

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20 pages, 2183 KiB  
Review
Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) in Cancer: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Pathway Regulation
by Reem A. Qannita, Ayah I. Alalami, Amani A. Harb, Shereen M. Aleidi, Jalal Taneera, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Waseem El-Huneidi, Mohamed A. Saleh, Karem H. Alzoubi, Mohammad H. Semreen, Mohammad Hudaib and Yasser Bustanji
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(2), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17020195 - 1 Feb 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3076
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key regulator for balancing oxygen in the cells. It is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of target genes involved in oxygen homeostasis in response to hypoxia. Recently, research has demonstrated the multiple roles of HIF-1 in [...] Read more.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key regulator for balancing oxygen in the cells. It is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of target genes involved in oxygen homeostasis in response to hypoxia. Recently, research has demonstrated the multiple roles of HIF-1 in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including cancer. It is a crucial mediator of the hypoxic response and regulator of oxygen metabolism, thus contributing to tumor development and progression. Studies showed that the expression of the HIF-1α subunit is significantly upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor survival by multiple mechanisms. In addition, HIF-1 has potential contributing roles in cancer progression, including cell division, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Moreover, HIF-1 has a role in regulating cellular metabolic pathways, particularly the anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Given its significant and potential roles in cancer development and progression, it has been an intriguing therapeutic target for cancer research. Several compounds targeting HIF-1-associated processes are now being used to treat different types of cancer. This review outlines emerging therapeutic strategies that target HIF-1 as well as the relevance and regulation of the HIF-1 pathways in cancer. Moreover, it addresses the employment of nanotechnology in developing these promising strategies. Full article
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Other

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16 pages, 2245 KiB  
Opinion
Is There an Interplay between Environmental Factors, Microbiota Imbalance, and Cancer Chemotherapy-Associated Intestinal Mucositis?
by Camila Fernandes, Mahara Coelho Crisostomo Miranda, Cássia Rodrigues Roque, Ana Lizeth Padilla Paguada, Carlos Adrian Rodrigues Mota, Katharine Gurgel Dias Florêncio, Anamaria Falcão Pereira, Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong, Reinaldo Barreto Oriá and Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(8), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17081020 - 3 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Interindividual variation in drug efficacy and toxicity is a significant problem, potentially leading to adverse clinical and economic public health outcomes. While pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have long been considered the primary causes of such heterogeneous responses, pharmacomicrobiomics has recently gained attention. The microbiome, [...] Read more.
Interindividual variation in drug efficacy and toxicity is a significant problem, potentially leading to adverse clinical and economic public health outcomes. While pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have long been considered the primary causes of such heterogeneous responses, pharmacomicrobiomics has recently gained attention. The microbiome, a community of microorganisms living in or on the human body, is a critical determinant of drug response and toxicity. Factors such as diet, lifestyle, exposure to xenobiotics, antibiotics use, illness, and genetics can influence the composition of the microbiota. Changes in the intestinal microbiota are particularly influential in drug responsiveness, especially in cancer chemotherapy. The microbiota can modulate an individual’s response to a drug, affecting its bioavailability, clinical effect, and toxicity, affecting treatment outcomes and patient quality of life. For instance, the microbiota can convert drugs into active or toxic metabolites, influencing their efficacy and side effects. Alternatively, chemotherapy can also alter the microbiota, creating a bidirectional interplay. Probiotics have shown promise in modulating the microbiome and ameliorating chemotherapy side effects, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in improving cancer treatment outcomes. This opinion paper addresses how environmental factors and chemotherapy-induced dysbiosis impact cancer chemotherapy gastrointestinal toxicity. Full article
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