Advances in Plant Alkaloids as Therapeutic Drugs: Pharmacology and Toxicology

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 4215

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, NC 27268, USA
Interests: neurobiology and treatment of substance use disorders; pain; psychedelics; kratom; botanical alkaloids

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Guest Editor
Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, NC 27268, USA
Interests: neurofibromatosis; drug development; G protein signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Naturally occurring alkaloids are found in various plant species across the globe. Of those discovered, several are currently used to treat a range of maladies including cancer, diabetes, viral and bacterial infections, cardiac dysfunction, and pain. However, despite their potential benefits, plant alkaloids may also be toxic and can lead to serious injury or death.

Recent drug development strategies centered around computer-aided drug design and empirical rules have had limited success, and the present approaches have done little to ease the global health burden. Natural reservoirs of compounds remain the main inspiration for novel therapeutics. There is an urgent need to identify and assess new compounds to improve existing treatments and address unmet healthcare needs. Daly and Cordell (2021) suggest the following alkaloid-rich plant families as “targets” for further investigation: Amaryllidaceae, Annonaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Berberidaceae, Boraginaceae, Buxaceae, Celastraceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae, Liliaceae, Loganiaceae, Menispermaceae, Papaveraceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, and Solanaceae.

As Guest Editors, we are seeking original research and review contributions on recent developments in the identification and characterization of plant alkaloids both as potential pharmacotherapies and toxins.

Prof. Dr. Scott E. Hemby
Dr. Robert Coover
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • drug discovery
  • alkaloid
  • cancer
  • inflammation
  • antimicrobial
  • pain
  • substance use/abuse
  • neurological disorders
  • cardiology
  • pulmonary
  • toxicity
  • drug resistance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2357 KiB  
Article
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from the Stems of Limacia scandens and Their Potential as Autophagy Inhibitors
by Hee-Ju Lee, Eun-Jin Park, Byeol Ryu, Hyo-Moon Cho, Duc-Trong Nghiem, Ha-Thanh-Tung Pham, Cheol-Ho Pan and Won-Keun Oh
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(11), 1332; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15111332 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1797
Abstract
Limacia scandens is traditionally used to treat depression and affective disorders in Malaysia. The chemical compositions have been reported to include bisbenzylisoquinoline and aporphine-type alkaloids in the genus Limacia Lour., but studies on the components of L. scandens have rarely been reported. Therefore, [...] Read more.
Limacia scandens is traditionally used to treat depression and affective disorders in Malaysia. The chemical compositions have been reported to include bisbenzylisoquinoline and aporphine-type alkaloids in the genus Limacia Lour., but studies on the components of L. scandens have rarely been reported. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine new benzylisoquinoline alkaloid derivatives with autophagy regulation activity from this plant. Bioactivity-guided isolation was applied to various column chromatography methods using RP-18, Sephadex LH-20 open column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic data analysis, including NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and ECD data. In addition, isolated compounds were tested for autophagy-regulating activity in HEK293 cells expressing GFP-L3. Three new dimeric benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (13), one new 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-conjugated benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (4), and six known compounds (510) were isolated from the stems of L. scandens. All compounds (110) were screened for autophagy regulation in HEK293 cells stably expressing the GFP-LC3 plasmid. Among the isolated compounds, 1, 2, and 4 showed autophagic regulation activity that blocked the process of combining autophagosomes and lysosomes. They also inhibit the protein degradation process from the autolysosome as inhibitors of autophagy. Novel benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from L. scandens showed potent potency for the inhibition of autophagic flux. This study provides potential candidates for developing natural autophagy inhibitors for disease prevention and treatment. Full article
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13 pages, 53354 KiB  
Article
Dehydrocrenatidine Induces Liver Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Suppressing JNK-Mediated Signaling
by Bharath Kumar Velmurugan, Ming-Ju Hsieh, Chia-Chieh Lin, Hsin-Yu Ho and Ming-Chang Hsieh
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(4), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040402 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1883
Abstract
Liver cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advancement in therapeutic interventions, liver cancer is associated with poor prognosis because of highly lethal characteristics and high recurrence rate. In the present study, the anticancer potential of a plant-based alkaloid namely dehydrocrenatidine [...] Read more.
Liver cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advancement in therapeutic interventions, liver cancer is associated with poor prognosis because of highly lethal characteristics and high recurrence rate. In the present study, the anticancer potential of a plant-based alkaloid namely dehydrocrenatidine has been evaluated in human liver cancer cells. The study findings revealed that dehydrocrenatidine reduced cancer cell viability by arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase and activating mitochondria-mediated and death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathways. Specifically, dehydrocrenatidine significantly increased the expression of extrinsic pathway components (FAS, DR5, FADD, and TRADD) as well as intrinsic pathway components (Bax and Bim L/S) in liver cancer cells. In addition, dehydrocrenatidine significantly increased the cleavage and activation of PARP and caspases 3, 8, and 9. The analysis of upstream signaling pathways revealed that dehydrocrenatidine induced caspase-mediated apoptosis by suppressing the phosphorylation of JNK1/2. Taken together, the study identifies dehydrocrenatidine as a potent anticancer agent that can be use clinically to inhibit the proliferation of human liver cancer cells. Full article
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