Delivery of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Gene and Cell Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 1733

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: oligonucleotide aptamers; oligonucleotide analogs; nucleopeptides; metal-based drugs; DNA-small molecule interaction; DNA-protein interaction
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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: noncanonical nucleic acids; nucleic acid theranostics; small molecule–DNA interactions

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: noncanonical nucleic acids; cellular and molecular biology; medicinal chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oligonucleotide therapeutics (OTs) are synthetic DNA or RNA strands with the potential to treat a wide range of diseases. OTs include several molecular entities, such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), anti‐microRNAs (antagomirs), microRNA mimics (agomirs), aptamers and unmethylated CpG‐containing oligonucleotides.

Until now, fifteen FDA-approved oligonucleotide drugs have been released on the market, with many other OTs being investigated.

OTs are promising candidates in the pharmaceutical context. Nevertheless, one of the greatest challenges in oligonucleotide therapy is the delivery of the active substances to the site of action, mainly due to their unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile and nuclease degradation.

To overcome these issues, many strategies have been reported in the literature, ranging from chemical modifications of the DNA/RNA backbone to bioconjugation or encapsulation in nanocarriers.

The continuous progress in this field is gradually unlocking the true potential of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics, opening new perspectives and expanding the range of possible applications.

Authors are invited to submit original papers, communications and reviews regarding the delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics, to be published in this Special Issue of Pharmaceutics.

Dr. Domenica Musumeci
Dr. Ettore Napolitano
Dr. Anna Di Porzio
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • DNA
  • RNA
  • oligonucleotides
  • nucleic acid-based therapeutics
  • drug delivery
  • biodistribution
  • pharmacokinetic

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 7831 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Studies to Evaluate the Intestinal Permeation of an Ursodeoxycholic Acid-Conjugated Oligonucleotide for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Treatment
by Marika Faiella, Giada Botti, Alessandro Dalpiaz, Lorenzo Gnudi, Aurélie Goyenvalle, Barbara Pavan, Daniela Perrone, Matteo Bovolenta and Elena Marchesi
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(8), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16081023 - 1 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Delivery represents a major hurdle to the clinical advancement of oligonucleotide therapeutics for the treatment of disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this preliminary study, we explored the ability of 2′-O-methyl-phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) conjugated with lipophilic ursodeoxycholic acid [...] Read more.
Delivery represents a major hurdle to the clinical advancement of oligonucleotide therapeutics for the treatment of disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this preliminary study, we explored the ability of 2′-O-methyl-phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) conjugated with lipophilic ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to permeate across intestinal barriers in vitro by a co-culture system of non-contacting IEC-6 cells and DMD myotubes, either alone or encapsulated in exosomes. UDCA was used to enhance the lipophilicity and membrane permeability of ASOs, potentially improving oral bioavailability. Exosomes were employed due to their biocompatibility and ability to deliver therapeutic cargo across biological barriers. Exon skipping was evaluated in the DMD myotubes to reveal the targeting efficiency. Exosomes extracted from milk and wild-type myotubes loaded with 5′-UDC-3′Cy3-ASO and seeded directly on DMD myotubes appear able to fuse to myotubes and induce exon skipping, up to ~20%. Permeation studies using the co-culture system were performed with 5′-UDC-3′Cy3-ASO 51 alone or loaded in milk-derived exosomes. In this setting, only gymnotic delivery induced significant levels of exon skipping (almost 30%) implying a possible role of the intestinal cells in enhancing delivery of ASOs. These results warrant further investigations to elucidate the delivery of ASOs by gymnosis or exosomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Delivery of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics)
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