Drug Delivery for Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Delivery and Controlled Release".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 8213

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
Interests: bone; cell cycle; akt; Ca2+-activated K+(BK) channel; calcium ions; cell volume; trp channels; KATP and Kir channels
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Small molecules are used to treat cardiovascular system diseases (CVDs), and different formulations have been developed to improve solubility, PK, and efficacy/safety. Examples of classically used drugs include diltiazem, isosorbide-5-mononitrate, metoprolol, propafenone, and aspirin. Formulations of valsartan, atenolol, atorvastatin, and ezetemide have recently been developed. Emerging evidence indicates that nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have the ability to increase stability and water drug solubility, increase the uptake of target cells, improve the PK, and can be used to deliver biologics and small molecules by various routes. NDDSs may improve the effectiveness of drugs in CVDs. However, less attention has been dedicated to safety. Nanomaterials can be highly reactive, generating ROS and affecting macromolecules, which leads to cell growth inhibition or cell cycle modification. In special populations including old people with chronic CVDs or in neonatal/pediatric patients affected by rare diseases, the efficacy and safety of these formulations need to be evaluated.

Prof. Dr. Domenico Tricarico
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nano-drug delivery systems
  • neonatal and pediatric population
  • aged people affected by chronic CVD
  • efficacy
  • tolerability and safety

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 413 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Introduction in Clinical Practice of New Oral Anticoagulants in Local Health Agency BT: Translation of the Clinical Trial Data to a Local Health Care Area
by Gianluca Grimaldi, Domenica Ancona, Domenico Tricarico, Paolo Stella, Cataldo Procacci, Antonio Germinario, Vito Bavaro, Vito Montanaro and Alessandro Delle Donne
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13(2), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020252 - 11 Feb 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2640
Abstract
The commercial release of the New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) has been the most significant change in anticoagulant therapy in recent years. The work aimed to evaluate the economic and health impact for the Local Health Agency Barletta-Andria-Trani (BT). Through the Regional Information System [...] Read more.
The commercial release of the New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) has been the most significant change in anticoagulant therapy in recent years. The work aimed to evaluate the economic and health impact for the Local Health Agency Barletta-Andria-Trani (BT). Through the Regional Information System data about naïve patients on NOAC treatment and patients on anti-vitamin-k (VKA), treatments were extrapolated. We assessed therapeutic continuity, pharmaceutical expenditure, hospitalizations, and deaths in 2017 and 2018. Therapeutic continuity was similar in the two groups. The number and the average cost of hospitalizations for a patient treated with VKAs were almost constant, while those of patients treated with NOACs decreased. The treatment of adult-aged naïve patients with NOACs, compared to VKAs therapy, involves an increase in expenditure of about 100€ for a patient, but the reduced hospitalizations could generate, in the long term, saving for the Health System. Clinical data, according to the Real-World Data, confirmed the safety and effectiveness of these drugs. However, attention to the special population is necessary to improve the safety and effectiveness of NOACs. Innovative formulations for pediatric patients are being developed. The challenge for Health Systems is the appropriate use of available resources through health interventions with transversal competences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Delivery for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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Review

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21 pages, 2172 KiB  
Review
Beta-Arrestins in the Treatment of Heart Failure Related to Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review
by Ahmed Rakib, Taslima Akter Eva, Saad Ahmed Sami, Saikat Mitra, Iqbal Hossain Nafiz, Ayan Das, Abu Montakim Tareq, Firzan Nainu, Kuldeep Dhama, Talha Bin Emran and Jesus Simal-Gandara
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13(6), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060838 - 5 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5017
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complicated clinical syndrome that is considered an increasingly frequent reason for hospitalization, characterized by a complex therapeutic regimen, reduced quality of life, and high morbidity. Long-standing hypertension ultimately paves the way for HF. Recently, there have been improvements [...] Read more.
Heart failure (HF) is a complicated clinical syndrome that is considered an increasingly frequent reason for hospitalization, characterized by a complex therapeutic regimen, reduced quality of life, and high morbidity. Long-standing hypertension ultimately paves the way for HF. Recently, there have been improvements in the treatment of hypertension and overall management not limited to only conventional medications, but several novel pathways and their pharmacological alteration are also conducive to the treatment of hypertension. Beta-arrestin (β-arrestin), a protein responsible for beta-adrenergic receptors’ (β-AR) functioning and trafficking, has recently been discovered as a potential regulator in hypertension. β-arrestin isoforms, namely β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2, mainly regulate cardiac function. However, there have been some controversies regarding the function of the two β-arrestins in hypertension regarding HF. In the present review, we try to figure out the paradox between the roles of two isoforms of β-arrestin in the treatment of HF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Delivery for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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