Response of Woody Plants to Adverse Environmental and Weather Conditions

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 148

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Guest Editor
Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
Interests: forest genetics; tree breeding; embryology; environmental stress and adaptive genes; comparative and population genomics; genome breeding; plant molecular systematics and phylogeny
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Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115, 1431 Ås, Norway
Interests: epigenetic memory in Norway spruce; transcriptomics; small RNAs; chromatin modifications; DNA methylation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Woody plants, encompassing trees, shrubs, and other perennial woody species, are integral to terrestrial ecosystems, providing habitat, food, and climate regulation. They exhibit remarkable adaptability to a spectrum of environmental and weather conditions, ranging from arid deserts to lush rainforests. This resilience is attributed to a suite of physiological, morphological, and biochemical strategies that enable them to cope with adverse factors such as drought, extreme temperatures, and high salinity. The response of woody plants to these challenges involves complex mechanisms, including but not limited to, the regulation of water uptake and loss, the production of protective compounds, and the alteration of growth patterns. Unlike other plants, woody plants such as trees have unique features such as annual wood growth that reflects climatic conditions, and by measuring annual tree ring growth, the individual responses of trees to environmental factors and stresses can be measured and be associated with individual genotypes. This promotes such new approaches to study genetic mechanisms of adaptation as dendrogenomics, which integrates dendrochronology, dendroecology, dendroclimatology, and genomics.

This Special Issue will explore how woody plants adapt to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, and altered precipitation patterns. It will also discuss the physiological, morphological, and genetic mechanisms that enable these plants to survive and thrive in challenging conditions. Studying these adaptive responses is crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics, predicting the impacts of climate change, and informing conservation strategies to safeguard these vital organisms in the face of environmental perturbations.

Prof. Dr. Konstantin V. Krutovsky
Prof. Dr. Igor A. Yakovlev
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • adaptive genes
  • climate change
  • dendrochronology
  • dendroecology
  • dendroclimatology
  • dendrogenomics
  • environmental stress
  • forest ecology
  • silviculture
  • tree improvement and breeding
  • woody plant

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 4970 KiB  
Article
Climate Response and Radial Growth Dynamics of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Plus Trees and Their Half-Sib Progeny in Periods of Severe Droughts in the Forest-Steppe Zone of Eastern Europe
by Daria A. Litovchenko, Anna A. Popova, Konstantin A. Shestibratov and Konstantin V. Krutovsky
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3213; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223213 - 15 Nov 2024
Abstract
The dendrochronological parameters of 97 pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees including 20 plus trees (142-year-old on average) and four half-sib families for four of them were analyzed considering also specifically years of the most severe droughts that were identified using average [...] Read more.
The dendrochronological parameters of 97 pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees including 20 plus trees (142-year-old on average) and four half-sib families for four of them were analyzed considering also specifically years of the most severe droughts that were identified using average monthly air temperature and precipitation data. The tree-ring width (TRW) was mostly affected by air temperature that had the largest cross-dating indices (CDI), up to 78% maximum. However, the 32-year Brückner–Egeson–Lockyer cycle (a climatic cycle of approximately 30–40 years that correlates with sunspot activity) was more reflected in the TRW dynamics in plus trees than precipitation and air temperature. A high-frequency of abnormal TRW was clearly observed during drought periods and in the following 2–3 years. Tree radial-growth reduction due to drought stress varied significantly between families. The resistance to drought based on TRW was higher in the maternal plus oak trees than in progeny. Drought resulted in reduced growth during the subsequent year(s); hence, the minimum growth occurred after the actual climate event. Autumn–winter precipitation and weather conditions were of the greatest importance at the onset of active vegetation in April and May. The influence of air temperature on oak growth was the largest in March (r = 0.39, p < 0.05). The strongest positive correlation between precipitation and growth (with r up to 0.38) was observed in May 2023. Plus trees had a high adaptive potential due to the stability of radial growth during drought with high resistance (Rt = 1.29) and resilience (Rs = 1.09) indexes. The offspring of families 1 (Rt = 0.89, Rs = 0.89) and 2 (Rt = 1.04, Rs = 0.87) had similar resistance and resilience, but the recovery indices (Rc) for offspring in families 1, 2 and 3 exceeded the recovery values for plus trees. For offspring in families 3 and 4, the index values were lower. The revealed responses of wood growth of plus trees to climatic parameters estimated as resistance (Rt), resilience (Rs) and recovery (Rc) indexes and similar responses in their progeny can be used in breeding pedunculate oak for wood growth productivity and drought resistance. Full article
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