Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Plant Tolerance upon Abiotic Stress—2nd Edition

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 825

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Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: abiotic stress; chlorophyll fluorescence; photosynthesis; adaptation of plants; lipid–protein interactions; mechanisms of plant tolerance
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Dear Colleagues,

Plants in their development are exposed to various abiotic stress factors that have negative effects on plant growth and crop productivity. Stress-induced damage in proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids leads to an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause oxidative damage. One process in plants that is strongly affected under stress is photosynthesis. The impact of stress factors on plants depends on their intensity, frequency, and duration, as well as the plant species. Plants evolve different adaptation mechanisms to survive the harmful effects of the environment. Studies in past years have revealed that plants have different sensitivities to stress factors. Despite many studies working to elucidate the mechanisms of plant tolerance to abiotic stress factors, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, the study of the influence of abiotic stress factors on the growth, physiology, biochemistry, and photosynthesis of different plant species is of great importance in order to clarify the mechanisms of tolerance in plants.

This Special Issue aims to show the molecular mechanisms associated with plant tolerance upon various abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, temperature, ultraviolet radiation, and heavy metals.

Scientists from all over the world are invited to submit original research and review articles on topics related to plant defense mechanisms.

Prof. Dr. Emilia Apostolova
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • antioxidant activity
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • environmental pollution
  • photosynthesis
  • photosynthetic machinery
  • plant responses to abiotic stress
  • plant tolerance
  • reactive oxygen species
  • thylakoid membranes
  • photosynthetic machinery
  • signal molecules

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Research

16 pages, 2929 KiB  
Article
Changes of Photosynthetic Parameters in Melatonin-Treated Wheat Subjected to Drought
by Dessislava Todorova, Svetoslav Anev, Martin Iliev, Margarita Petrakova and Iskren Sergiev
Plants 2024, 13(23), 3414; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233414 - 5 Dec 2024
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Abstract
Drought stress affects many aspects of plant biochemistry, with photosynthesis being one the most significantly impaired physiological processes. Melatonin is a natural antioxidant with growth-regulating properties in plants. Its diverse physiological functions have been extensively studied in recent decades. Changes in leaf gas [...] Read more.
Drought stress affects many aspects of plant biochemistry, with photosynthesis being one the most significantly impaired physiological processes. Melatonin is a natural antioxidant with growth-regulating properties in plants. Its diverse physiological functions have been extensively studied in recent decades. Changes in leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were investigated in young wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Fermer and cv. Gines which were characterized to differ in their responses to drought, with cv. Gines being more tolerant than cv. Fermer. The plants were subjected to drought for five days by withholding their water supply. Melatonin was applied as a root supplement to the irrigation water before or after the drought period. Analyses were performed before and at the end of the stress period, as well as during the recovery phase. Changes in leaf pigment content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, as well as some chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, were recorded. Melatonin alone did not cause considerable changes in the measured traits. We found a significant decrease in leaf gas exchange parameters, Fv/Fm and Fv/F0 values, and leaf pigments due to drought, especially in cv. Fermer. The data show that the application of melatonin favorably influenced the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus under water deprivation and during plant recovery. The pre-treatment with melatonin maintained the photosynthesis-related parameters closer to the control levels during the stress period. Both melatonin treatments supported the recovery of photosynthesis when the water supply was restored and the post-drought treatment showed a similar but weaker effect than pre-drought treatment. Full article
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