Advances in Waste Management and Treatment of Biodegradable Waste

Dear Colleagues,

Modern waste management, which has been developed as a concept worldwide over the last 20 years, aims to protect the health of the population, protect the environment, maintain public cleanliness to make spaces aesthetically acceptable and conserve natural resources.

Urban and municipal as well as industrial landfills have a negative impact on the environment, through pollution of surface and groundwater, groundwater, soil, degradation of ambient air quality and discomfort for the surrounding population.

Landfill decommissioning is a process that can be considered temporary, but in terms of the concept of 'sustainable development', it lasts for at least two generations if the periods of development, operation, ecological restoration and post-monitoring are added together.

In the hierarchy of waste management options included in both EU and national regulations, recovery is a priority ahead of disposal by landfill. The necessary measures must be planned in such a way as to achieve the most efficient recovery and recycling method, taking into account the types of waste, the sources of waste and the different composition of the waste.

In order to achieve the overall recovery/recycling targets and the reduction of biodegradable materials sent to final landfill, all possible measures to recover biodegradable waste should be used.

In principle, the treatment solutions for biodegradable waste are:

- Biological methods: composting and anaerobic fermentation;

- Thermal methods: incineration, pyrolysis and gasification.

Biological treatment is difficult to address with very low selective collection. Thermal treatment by incineration is excluded due to the high risk of pollution by dioxin and furan emissions. Thermal treatment by pyrolysis and gasification is very costly and difficult to address due to lack of best practices.

Dr. Emilian Florin Moşneguţu
Dr. Mirela Panainte-Lehăduș
Dr. Claudia Tomozei
Guest Editors

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• waste management
• landfills
• biodegradable waste
• treatment solutions
• biological and thermal methods