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Processes
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Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems
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Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Process Control and Monitoring".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 11788

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ireneusz Zbicinski

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, 213 Wolczanska Str, Poland
Interests: modeling and simulation; CFD; particulate processes; heat and mass transfer; sustainability science and engineering; life cycle assessment
Prof. Dr. Pawel Wawrzyniak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, 213 Wolczanska Str, Poland
Interests: thermodynamics; heat and mass transfer; CFD modeling
Dr. Maciej Jaskulski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, 213 Wolczanska Str, Poland
Interests: CFD; modeling of hydrodynamics; particle agglomeration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

CFD has become a powerful tool to design and analyze processes in chemical, petrochemical, automotive, power generation, food, and other industries. Continuous improvement of CFD software capabilities and computing power have allowed complex fluid dynamics problems to be solved, e.g., the development of the PSI-Cell technique, and have enabled reliable CFD modeling of transport processes between continuous and dispersed phase. The application of CFD modeling on an industrial scale is still a challenge, as it requires scale inventory analysis and specific measuring equipment to determine the initial and boundary conditions and to verify the CFD model. Each successful application of CFD modeling in industry has a special value that may allow for the improvement of process energy efficiency and scaling up.

This Special Issue on “Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems” aims at providing the recent advances in the applications of computational fluid dynamics in modeling and scaling up of industrial dispersed systems.

Topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • CFD fundamentals;
  • CFD applications in modeling of two-phase flow;
  • CFD applications in modeling of suspensions, emulsions, and foams;
  • CFD applications in modeling of agglomeration and coalescence;
  • CFD applications in modeling of sprays; fluid and spouted beds; and pneumatic, flash, and mixing systems;
  • CFD applications in modeling of air filtering;
  • CFD applications in modeling of dust explosion.

Prof. Dr. Ireneusz Zbicinski
Prof. Dr. Pawel Wawrzyniak
Dr. Maciej Jaskulski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Pilot and industrial scale
  • Modeling
  • Heat and mass transfer
  • Hydrodynamics
  • Agglomeration
  • Scaling up
  • Residence time
  • Explosion.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 12765 KiB  
Article
Influence of Interfacial Force Models and Population Balance Models on the kLa Value in Stirred Bioreactors
by Stefan Seidel and Dieter Eibl
Processes 2021, 9(7), 1185; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9071185 - 7 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3527
Abstract
Optimal oxygen supply is vitally important for the cultivation of aerobically growing cells, as it has a direct influence on cell growth and product formation. A process engineering parameter directly related to oxygen supply is the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient [...] Read more.
Optimal oxygen supply is vitally important for the cultivation of aerobically growing cells, as it has a direct influence on cell growth and product formation. A process engineering parameter directly related to oxygen supply is the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient kLa. It is the influences on kLa and computing time of different interfacial force and population balance models in stirred bioreactors that have been evaluated in this study. For this investigation, the OpenFOAM 7 open-source toolbox was utilized. Firstly, the Euler–Euler model with a constant bubble diameter was applied to a 2L scale bioreactor to statistically examine the influence of different interfacial models on the kLa value. It was shown that the kL model and the constant bubble diameter have the greatest influence on the calculated kLa value. To eliminate the problem of a constant bubble diameter and to take effects such as bubble breakup and coalescence into account, the Euler–Euler model was coupled with population balance models (PBM). For this purpose, four coalescence and five bubble breakup models were examined. Ultimately, it was established that, for all of the models tested, coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with PBM resulted in better agreement with the experimental data than using the Euler–Euler model. However, it should be noted that the higher accuracy of the PBM coupled models requires twice the computation time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems)
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34 pages, 6258 KiB  
Article
Particle Lagrangian CFD Simulation and Experimental Characterization of the Rounding of Polymer Particles in a Downer Reactor with Direct Heating
by Juan S. Gómez Bonilla, Laura Unger, Jochen Schmidt, Wolfgang Peukert and Andreas Bück
Processes 2021, 9(6), 916; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9060916 - 23 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2270
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) powders are rounded at different conditions in a downer reactor with direct heating. The particles are fed through a single central tube, while the preheated sheath gas is fed coaxially surrounding the central aerosol jet. The influence of the process parameters [...] Read more.
Polypropylene (PP) powders are rounded at different conditions in a downer reactor with direct heating. The particles are fed through a single central tube, while the preheated sheath gas is fed coaxially surrounding the central aerosol jet. The influence of the process parameters on the quality of the powder product in terms of particle shape and size is analyzed by correlating the experimental results with the flow pattern, residence time distribution of the particles and temperature distribution predicted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. An Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical approach is used to capture the effect of the particle size distribution on the particle dynamics and the degree of rounding. The simulation results reveal that inlet effects lead to inhomogeneous particle radial distributions along the total length of the downer. The configuration of particle/gas injection also leads to fast dispersion of the particles in direction of the wall and to particle segregation by size. Broad particle residence time distributions are obtained due to broad particle size distribution of the powders and the particles dispersion towards the wall. Lower mass flow ratios of aerosol to sheath gas are useful to reduce the particle dispersion and produce more homogenous residence time distributions. The particles’ residence time at temperatures above the polymer’s melting onset is determined from the simulations. This time accounts for the effective treatment (rounding) time of the particles. Clear correlations are observed between the numerically determined effective rounding time distributions and the progress of shape modification on the particles determined experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems)
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22 pages, 4885 KiB  
Article
Using CFD Simulations to Guide the Development of a New Spray Dryer Design
by Timothy A. G. Langrish, James Harrington, Xing Huang and Chao Zhong
Processes 2020, 8(8), 932; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8080932 - 2 Aug 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5173
Abstract
A new spray-drying system has been designed to overcome the limitations caused by existing designs. A key feature of the approach has been the systematic use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to guide innovation in the design process. An example of an innovation [...] Read more.
A new spray-drying system has been designed to overcome the limitations caused by existing designs. A key feature of the approach has been the systematic use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to guide innovation in the design process. An example of an innovation is the development of a box-shaped transitional feature between the bottom of the main drying chamber and the entrance to the secondary chamber. In physical experiments, the box design performed better in all three representative operating conditions, including the current conditions, a higher feed solids concentration (30% solids rather than 8.8%), and a higher inlet drying temperature (230 °C rather than 170 °C). The current conditions showed a 3% increase in yield (solids recovery) while the 30% feed condition improved the yield by 7.5%, and the higher temperature test increased the yield by 13.5%. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant reductions in the wall flux at the high solids feed concentration. The observed deposition in the box was primarily from the predicted particle impacts by an inertial deposition process on the base of the box, which underwent little degradation due to lower temperatures. There is therefore evidence that the box design is a better design alternative under all operating conditions compared with other traditional designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modelling of Industrial Dispersed Systems)
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