Animal Models for Diabetes

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Biological Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 5952

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Schepens Eye Research Institute, 20 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
Interests: microglia; BRB; endothelial cell biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, substantial progress has been made in understanding diabetes and the molecular mechanisms of its diverse symptoms. The streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in rodents was a significant breakthrough in this field. Today, diabetes affects more than 9% of the world’s population, with the numbers only expected to increase over time. Diabetes complications remain one of the leading causes of visual impairment and disability. There is a high demand for new models of diabetes that recapitulate not only insulin deficiency but lifestyle-associated diabetes metabolism disorders and obesity-related glucose intolerance, which are major factors contributing to the incidence of diabetes. This Special Issue, "Animal Models for Diabetes", aims to assemble the most advanced knowledge on the new approaches to modeling diabetes and high-glucose conditions. This issue's scope is not limited to models in research animals, and submissions of in vitro, 3D culture, microfluidics, and tissue organoid models of diabetes and its aspects are equally encouraged. We welcome models that can provide insights into molecular events and signaling pathways and their role in diabetes-associated pathologies, as well as models that can lead to new translational discoveries and direct therapeutic approaches to the diverse complications of diabetes. These manuscripts may include research articles and reviews.

Dr. Anton Lennikov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hyperglycemia
  • high-fat diet
  • energy metabolism
  • blood-retinal barrier
  • leukostasis
  • glucose intolerance
  • insulin resistance
  • autoimmune diabetes
  • diabetic nephropathy
  • transgenic animals

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5273 KiB  
Article
Mulberry Leaf and Radix Astragali Regulates Differentially Expressed Genes and Proteins in the Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice Liver
by Shu Zhang, Qi Ge, Liang Chen and Keping Chen
Processes 2021, 9(11), 1898; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9111898 - 24 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1748
Abstract
As a chronic non-infectious disease, severely affecting human quality and health of life, diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have gradually developed into a major global public health problem. Mulberry Leaf and Radix Astragali have been used as a traditional medicinal formulation in [...] Read more.
As a chronic non-infectious disease, severely affecting human quality and health of life, diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have gradually developed into a major global public health problem. Mulberry Leaf and Radix Astragali have been used as a traditional medicinal formulation in diabetic patients for a long time, whose combination is usually found in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. However, due to the unclear synergistic mechanism of them for DM, the changes of differential genes and proteins in the liver tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were analyzed, and then the potential synergistic mechanism of them in anti-diabetes was investigated in our research. Compared with the diabetic model group, there were 699 differentially expressed genes and 169 differentially expressed proteins in the Mulberry Leaf and Radix Astragali treated group, and there were 35 common specific genes both in the transcriptome and the proteome. These common genes participated mainly in the pathways, such as retinol metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Quantitative real-time PCR() and Western blot results speculated that the synergistic effect on anti-diabetes was mainly through regulating the expression of Tap1, Ncoa4, and Alas2, by down-regulating Fabp2 and Hmox1 and up-regulating Hmgcr, Cyp7a1. All these genes would affect bile acid secretion, alleviate the occurrence of iron death, promote the metabolism and synthesis of glycolipid substances, and ultimately maintain the body’s glucose homeostasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Models for Diabetes)
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28 pages, 10453 KiB  
Article
A New Symmetrical Thiazolidinedione Derivative: In Silico Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation on a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Diabetes
by Samuel Álvarez-Almazán, Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez, Itzia Irene Padilla-Martínez, José Correa-Basurto, Diana Alemán-González-Duhart, Feliciano Tamay-Cach and Jessica Elena Mendieta-Wejebe
Processes 2021, 9(8), 1294; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9081294 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3370
Abstract
By activating PPAR-γ, thiazolidinediones normalize glucose levels in animal models of type 2 diabetes and in patients with this pathology. The aim of the present study was to analyze 219 new derivatives in silico and select the best for synthesis, to be evaluated [...] Read more.
By activating PPAR-γ, thiazolidinediones normalize glucose levels in animal models of type 2 diabetes and in patients with this pathology. The aim of the present study was to analyze 219 new derivatives in silico and select the best for synthesis, to be evaluated for acute oral toxicity in female rats and for control of diabetes-related parameters in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The best compound was chosen based on pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological parameters obtained in silico and binding orientation observed by docking simulations on PPAR-γ. Compound 1G was synthesized by a quick and easy Knoevenagel condensation. Acute oral toxicity was found at a dose greater than 2000 mg/Kg. Compound 1G apparently produces therapeutic effects similar to those of pioglitazone, decreasing glycaemia and triglyceride levels in diabetic animals, without liver damage. Moreover, it did not cause a significant weight gain and tended to reduce polydipsia and polyphagia, while diminishing systemic inflammation related to TNF-α and IL-6. It lowered the level of endogenous antioxidant molecules such as reduced glutathione and glutathione reductase. In conclusion, 1G may be a candidate for further testing as an euglycemic agent capable of preventing the complications of diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Models for Diabetes)
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