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Processes
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Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest...
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Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest Advances and Prospects

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2023) | Viewed by 6622

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Panyue Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: wastewater treatment; solid waste utilization; water ecological restoration
Dr. Zhen Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos 01700, China
Interests: water pollution control; resource utilization of solid waste; ecological restoration
Dr. Yan Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
Interests: soil remediation; solid waste utilization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid global population increase and in parallel industrial and agricultural development have resulted in intense environmental problems, thereinto, soil and water pollution is of great concern due to its severe and long-term consequences on the environment and ecosystem, even endangering human health. Soil and water pollution may be caused by a series of chemical substances, such as organic dyes, heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics and emerging pollutants. Corresponding to different pollution or combined pollution of soil and water, the selection and configuration of suitable natural and synthetic materials may play a more important role. Meanwhile, the process of soil and water remediation should be optimized and the remediation mechanisms should be deeply investigated. Therefore, further innovations are required to contribute to the sustainable soil and water environment.

This Special Issue will focus on soil and water remediation with natural and synthetic materials, including functional materials, microorganisms, plants, etc. The Soil and water remediation process with these materials will be covered, which includes process design, optimization and modelling. Topics of interest, specifically related to soil and water remediation, include, but are not limited to

  • Material design and configuration
  • Improvement of soil and water remediation efficiency
  • Model development of soil and water remediation
  • Integration with soil and water remediation
  • Soil and water remediation with multiple materials
  • Interaction mechanisms between materials, pollutants, soil or water.

Prof. Dr. Panyue Zhang
Dr. Zhen Wu
Dr. Yan Wu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil remediation
  • water remediation
  • biochar
  • microorganism agent
  • plants
  • conditioner
  • heavy metal immobilization
  • organic degradation
  • process design
  • process modelling

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3146 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride by Coupled UV−Peroxydisulfate System: Efficiency, Stability and Mechanism
by Panfeng Ma, Yu Shi, Jingsen Zhang, Weijia Zhang, Yong Cao and Bingtao Liu
Processes 2023, 11(6), 1638; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11061638 - 26 May 2023
Viewed by 1101
Abstract
Magnetic CuFe2O4 powder obtained by sol−gel method and coupled photocatalysis was used to activate peroxydisulfate for tetracycline (TC) removal. A scanning electron microscope, X−ray diffraction Raman spectroscopy and FT−TR were used to characterize the catalysts. The degradation efficiency and stability [...] Read more.
Magnetic CuFe2O4 powder obtained by sol−gel method and coupled photocatalysis was used to activate peroxydisulfate for tetracycline (TC) removal. A scanning electron microscope, X−ray diffraction Raman spectroscopy and FT−TR were used to characterize the catalysts. The degradation efficiency and stability of TC were highest under neutral conditions. The TC degradation rate reached 91.1% within 90 min. The removal rate of total organic carbon reaches 39.6% under optimal conditions. The unique electron transfer property of CuFe2O4 was utilized to achieve the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and persulfate oxidation. The main oxidizing substances involved in the decomposition were sulfate radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and the removal rate of over 84% could be maintained after five cycles of experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest Advances and Prospects)
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11 pages, 2409 KiB  
Article
Heavy Metals Exacerbate the Effect of Temperature on the Growth of Chlorella sp.: Implications on Algal Blooms and Management
by Jueqiao Wang, Bin Yan, Hengchang Zhang, Lianqi Huang, Huan Wang, Qiaojuan Lan, Maoyun Yin, Zhihao Zhu, Xixi Yan, Ailing Zhu, Chuan Fu and Yan Wu
Processes 2022, 10(12), 2638; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10122638 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1673
Abstract
With the accelerated urbanization and rapid development of the industrial and agricultural sectors, concern about the pollution of water environments is becoming more widespread. Algal blooms of varying sizes are becoming increasingly frequent in lakes and reservoirs; temperatures, nutrients, heavy metals, and dissolved [...] Read more.
With the accelerated urbanization and rapid development of the industrial and agricultural sectors, concern about the pollution of water environments is becoming more widespread. Algal blooms of varying sizes are becoming increasingly frequent in lakes and reservoirs; temperatures, nutrients, heavy metals, and dissolved oxygen are the factors that influence algal bloom occurrence. However, knowledge of the combined effect of heavy metals and temperature on algal growth remains limited. Thus, this study investigated how specific concentrations of heavy metals affect algal growth at different temperatures; to this end, two heavy metals were used (0.01 mg/L Pb2+ and 0.05 mg/L Cr6+) at three incubation temperatures (15, 25, and 30 °C) with the alga Chlorella sp. A higher incubation temperature contributed to a rise in soluble proteins, which promoted algal growth. The density of algal cells increased with temperature, and catalase (CAT) decreased with increasing temperature. Chlorella sp. growth and catalase activity were optimal at 30 °C (algal cell density: 1.46 × 107 cell/L; CAT activity: 29.98 gprot/L). Pb2+ and Cr6+ significantly promoted Chlorella sp. growth during incubation at 25 and 30 °C, respectively. At specific temperatures, 0.01 mg/L Pb2+ and 0.05 mg/L Cr6+ promoted the production of soluble proteins and, hence, the growth of Chlorella sp. The results provide a useful background for the mitigation and prevention of algal blooms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest Advances and Prospects)
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14 pages, 3713 KiB  
Article
Fe–Mn Oxide Composite Activated Peroxydisulfate Processes for Degradation of p-Chloroaniline: The Effectiveness and the Mechanism
by Yu Shi, Panfeng Ma, Lin Qiao and Bingtao Liu
Processes 2022, 10(11), 2227; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112227 - 30 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1394
Abstract
The chemical co-precipitation method was used to prepare magnetically separable Fe–Mn oxide composites, and the degradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) using MnFe2O4 activated peroxydisulfate (PDS). The MnFe2O4 catalyst exhibited highly catalytic activity in the experiments. XRD, FTIR, SEM [...] Read more.
The chemical co-precipitation method was used to prepare magnetically separable Fe–Mn oxide composites, and the degradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) using MnFe2O4 activated peroxydisulfate (PDS). The MnFe2O4 catalyst exhibited highly catalytic activity in the experiments. XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the catalytic materials. MnFe2O4 calcined at 500 °C was more suitable as a catalytic material for PCA degradation. The elevated reaction temperature was beneficial to the degradation of PCA in neutral pH solution. The reaction mechanism of the MnFe2O4 catalyzed oxidative degradation of PCA by PDS was investigated by free radical quenching experiments and XPS analysis. The results showed that sulfate radicals (SO4•−), hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) may all be participated in the degradation of PCA. XPS spectra showed that the electron gain and loss of Mn2+ and Fe3+ was the main cause of free radical generation. The possible intermediates in the degradation of PCA were determined by HPLC-MS, and possible degradation pathways for the degradation of PCA by the MnFe2O4/PDS system were proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest Advances and Prospects)
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16 pages, 1342 KiB  
Article
Use of Typical Wastes as Biochars in Removing Diethyl Phthalate (Det) from Water
by Zichun Chai, Xianshuang Bi and Hongbai Jia
Processes 2022, 10(7), 1369; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10071369 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1266
Abstract
Diethyl phthalate (DEP), one of the six typical PAEs priority pollutants declared by the US EPA, has attracted tremendous attention due to its widespread pollution and was selected as the adsorbate in this study. Properties of biochar samples obtained from three different feedstocks, [...] Read more.
Diethyl phthalate (DEP), one of the six typical PAEs priority pollutants declared by the US EPA, has attracted tremendous attention due to its widespread pollution and was selected as the adsorbate in this study. Properties of biochar samples obtained from three different feedstocks, i.e., sawdust (SDBC), rice straw (RSBC), and giant reed (GRBC), pyrolyzed at 400 °C as well as their ability to adsorb DEP from an aqueous solution were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics were well fitted with the pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.99) and the intraparticle diffusion model (R2 > 0.98). The maximal adsorption capacity of the DEP by the prepared biochar was in an order of GRBC (46.04 mg g−1) > RSBC (31.54 mg g−1) > and SDBC (18.39 mg g−1). The higher adsorption capacity of DEP by GRBC is mainly attributed to the higher surface area. The reduction in adsorption capacity of the biochar against DEP with an increase in the solution pH (from 2.5 to 10.0) was possibly due to promoting the electrostatic repulsion between the DEP and the surface of the biochar. However, the increasing sodium ionic strength promoted the adsorption of the biochar, which could be interpreted by the reduced solubility of the DEP due to enhancing “salting out” effects as increasing sodium concentration. In addition, it was favorable for the adsorption of DEP onto the biochars at a lower temperature (15 °C) and the calculated ∆G0 was less than zero, indicating that the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process. These experiments designate that these derived biochars can be used as an inexpensive adsorbent for the purification of PAEs contaminated water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Remediation with Natural and Synthetic Materials: Latest Advances and Prospects)
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