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Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 16423

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
Interests: high-efficiency energy conversion system; renewable energy in small islands; optimization of power system operation and control
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Sustainability in the area of “Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building”. Optimization and control techniques are important for the efficient use of energy systems. There have been many emerging issues for smart city and zero energy house/building. Moreover, the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are also interesting topics for energy treatment in a smart city. The smart meter is also a useful new facility in houses and buildings. The big data from smart meters create new business and/or new technologies for us. Transportation issues are also very important in modern society.

This Special Issue will deal with novel optimization and control techniques for smart cities and zero energy house/building. Topics of interest for publication include but are not limited to:

  • Big data analysis for smart meters;
  • Control strategy for battery energy storage systems;
  • Optimal facilities of smart cities;
  • Energy management systems in smart cities and zero energy house/building;
  • Application of IoT and/or AI in smart cities;
  • Optimal capacity of parks and rides in smart cities;
  • Forecasting of renewable energy;
  • Demand side management in smart cities;
  • Electric vehicle charging stations in zero energy houses/buildings.

Prof. Dr. Tomonobu Senjyu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Optimal configuration/control of smart cities
  • Optimization/control of zero energy houses
  • Optimization/control of zero energy buildings
  • Combined cooling Heating and Power (CCHP)
  • Thermal energy
  • Renewable energy
  • Park and ride
  • Smart transportation
  • Smart meter
  • Artificial intelligence (AI)
  • Internet of things (IoT)

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 11943 KiB  
Article
Post-2000 Building Industry in Kabul City from Sustainability Perspective
by Najib Rahman Sabory, Tomonobu Senjyu, Mir Sayed Shah Danish, Sayed Maqbool Sayed, Arash Ahmadi and Edris Saeedi
Sustainability 2021, 13(14), 7833; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147833 - 13 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2958
Abstract
Buildings are one of the major consumers of energy and producers of greenhouse gases globally. Reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from buildings helps decrease global warming and enhances the natural environment. This can only happen by transitioning from traditional to sustainable [...] Read more.
Buildings are one of the major consumers of energy and producers of greenhouse gases globally. Reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from buildings helps decrease global warming and enhances the natural environment. This can only happen by transitioning from traditional to sustainable architecture and urban planning. For decades, sustainable architecture and urban planning have been applied in many countries’ building sectors, but others among the poor and least developed countries are left behind. Kabul, the capital of one of the least developed countries, Afghanistan, has experienced a remarkable growth rate in population and building since 2001. This rapid and uncontrolled growth of building construction caused problems from different perspectives, especially from the sustainability perspective. In this paper, the current state of the building industry in Kabul is evaluated from a sustainability perspective, especially those constructed after the year 2000. This assessment helps to rate and see how sustainable each type of building is. Analysis of the collected data clarifies that buildings’ sustainability level in Kabul city is significantly low. Based on the results, recommendations provide a better future for the building industry and ensure that existing and future buildings are sufficiently sustainable to protect the environment of Kabul city and of the globe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building)
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20 pages, 7928 KiB  
Article
LEED Scores of Residential Buildings in Poor Cities: Kabul City Case
by Najib Rahman Sabory, Tomonobo Senjyu, Adina Hashemi Momand, Hadya Waqfi, Nilofar Saboor, Rabia Mobarez and Farida Razeqi
Sustainability 2021, 13(12), 6959; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126959 - 21 Jun 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4836
Abstract
Urbanization and technology have proven to be detrimental to the environment. Buildings contribute a significant portion of this damage. This issue motivated governments, builders, engineers, and architects to seek ways to reduce buildings’ environmental footprints. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), developed [...] Read more.
Urbanization and technology have proven to be detrimental to the environment. Buildings contribute a significant portion of this damage. This issue motivated governments, builders, engineers, and architects to seek ways to reduce buildings’ environmental footprints. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), is one of the most widely used strategies to ensure energy efficiency and a clean environment in buildings. In Afghanistan, where there are no active regulatory frameworks for energy saving and efficiency for the building sector, it is imperative to promote the transformation of the building industry and practices towards sustainability. In this regard, the role of the residential building sector is of utmost importance due to its major share in the country’s energy consumption and GHG emissions profile. Thus, this study assesses the energy efficiency and environmental impact of existing buildings in Kabul city concerning the LEED rating system. This research suggests practical steps to improve the sustainability of the residential building stock in Kabul city. Robust sets of data on existing residential buildings in Kabul are collected, classified, evaluated, and compared to LEED standards. This research reveals and concludes that most of the existing buildings in Kabul city are in poor conditions and do not meet the minimum requirements to be a candidate for LEED certification. A detailed analysis of the results has led to recommendations on how these buildings could improve to meet the LEED criteria. This is the first study of its kind conducted for Kabul city residential building. Considering the cross-sectoral nature of the building industry, the findings of this study will contribute to many other areas such as water, transportation, ICT, health, energy and the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building)
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20 pages, 3084 KiB  
Article
Prediction for Overheating Risk Based on Deep Learning in a Zero Energy Building
by Yue Yuan, Jisoo Shim, Seungkeon Lee, Doosam Song and Joowook Kim
Sustainability 2020, 12(21), 8974; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218974 - 29 Oct 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
The Passive House standard has become the standard for many countries in the construction of the Zero Energy Building (ZEB). Korea also adopted the standard and has achieved great success in building energy savings. However, some issues remain with ZEBs in Korea. Among [...] Read more.
The Passive House standard has become the standard for many countries in the construction of the Zero Energy Building (ZEB). Korea also adopted the standard and has achieved great success in building energy savings. However, some issues remain with ZEBs in Korea. Among them, this study aims to discuss overheating issues. Field measurements were carried out to analyze the overheating risk for a library built as a ZEB. A data-driven overheating risk prediction model was developed to analyze the overheating risk, requiring only a small amount of data and extending the analysis throughout the year. The main factors causing overheating during both the cooling season and the intermediate seasons are also analyzed in detail. The overheating frequency exceeded 60% of days in July and August, the midsummer season in Korea. Overheating also occurred during the intermediate seasons when air conditioners were off, such as in May and October in Korea. Overheating during the cooling season was caused mainly by unexpected increases in occupancy rate, while overheating in the mid-term was mainly due to an increase in solar irradiation. This is because domestic ZEB standards define the reinforcement of insulation and airtight performance, but there are no standards for solar insolation through windows or for internal heat generation. The results of this study suggest that a fixed performance standard for ZEBs that does not reflect the climate or cultural characteristics of the region in which a ZEB is built may not result in energy savings at the operational stage and may not guarantee the thermal comfort of occupants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building)
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16 pages, 2793 KiB  
Article
BIM-VE-Based Optimization of Green Building Envelope from the Perspective of both Energy Saving and Life Cycle Cost
by Zhenmin Yuan, Jianliang Zhou, Yaning Qiao, Yadi Zhang, Dandan Liu and Hui Zhu
Sustainability 2020, 12(19), 7862; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197862 - 23 Sep 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4255
Abstract
In the context of the increasingly severe energy crisis and global warming, green buildings and their energy-saving issues are being paid more attention in the world. Since envelope optimization can significantly reduce the energy consumption of green buildings, value engineering (VE) technology and [...] Read more.
In the context of the increasingly severe energy crisis and global warming, green buildings and their energy-saving issues are being paid more attention in the world. Since envelope optimization can significantly reduce the energy consumption of green buildings, value engineering (VE) technology and building information modeling (BIM) technology are used to optimize the envelope of green buildings, which takes into account both energy saving and life cycle cost. The theoretical framework of optimization for green building envelope based on BIM-VE is proposed, including a BIM model for architecture, a life cycle cost analysis model, energy-saving analysis model, and a value analysis model. In the life-cycle cost model, a mathematical formula for the life-cycle cost is established, and BIM technology is used to generate a bill of quantity. In the energy-saving analysis model, a mathematical formula for energy saving is established, and BIM technology is used for the building energy simulation. In the scheme decision-making sub-model, VE technology integrating life cycle cost with energy saving is used to assess the envelope schemes and select the optimal one. A prefabricated project case is used to simulate and test the established methodology. The important results show that the 16 envelope schemes make the 16 corresponding designed buildings meet the green building evaluation standards, and the optimal envelope scheme is the “energy-saving and anti-theft door + exterior window 2+ floor 1+ exterior wall 1 + inner shear wall + inner partition wall 2 + planted roof” with the value 10.80 × 10−2 MW·h/ten thousand yuan. A significant finding is that the value generally rises with the increase of energy-saving rate while the life cycle cost is irregular with the increase of energy-saving rate. Compared with previous efforts in the literature, this study introduces VE technology into architectural design to further expand the current boundary of building energy-saving theory. The findings and suggestions will provide a valuable reference and guidance for the architectural design industry to optimize the envelope of green buildings from the perspective of both energy saving and life cycle cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart City and Zero Energy House/Building)
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