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Toxics
Special Issues
Aerosols: A Challenge in Environmental Health
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Aerosols: A Challenge in Environmental Health

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Pollution and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 2879

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Byung Uk Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Aerosol and Bioengineering Lab, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
Interests: bioaerosol; aerosol; antimicrobial filter; electrospray; patterning; nanoparticle; electric charging; thermophoresis; thermal energy; ion emission; hygroscopicity; cryogenics; bacteria; fungal cells; yeast; influenza virus; airborne microorganisms; impactor; respirator; underground subway; monsoon; filter; air quality; UV aerodynamic particle sizer; hydrogen gas; silver nanoparticle; air cleaning; antifungal filter; pulsed jet electrospraying; contagious diseases; SARS-CoV-2
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Studies on aerosols (airborne fine particles) have been conducted in various fields of new sciences. Aerosol science is widely used in meteorology, microelectronics, material science, analytical chemistry, manufacturing process engineering, automobile engineering, and environmental engineering. During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, aerosol sciences have been studied extensively due to the spread of the viruses via aerosol mechanisms; therefore, this topic has become a significant issue in environmental health fields. Some aerosols are studied as potentially hazardous materials for humans and the environment. Specifically, aerosol particles carrying microorganisms have been studied extensively for their potential hazard. In addition, the toxicities of some aerosols have been studied with the increasing use of aerosol particles in industries. Respiratory diseases are major issues in studying hazardous particles in the air.

In this Special Issue, various studies on aerosols regarding environmental health perspectives are presented and discussed. The hazardous effect of various aerosols on public health is presented. This issue will cover the following topics: 

  • Generation of various types of aerosol particles; 
  • Measurement of aerosol particles in environmental health and toxics perspectives; 
  • Analysis of aerosol particles in environmental health and toxics perspectives; 
  • Control methodology for aerosol particles.

Prof. Dr. Byung Uk Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aerosols
  • bioaerosols
  • viral aerosols
  • air infection
  • environmental health
  • environmental microbiology
  • COVID-19
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • nosocomial infection

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3437 KiB  
Article
Direct Measurement of Aerosol Liquid Water Content: A Case Study in Summer in Nanjing, China
by Daoming Li, Shijie Cui, Yun Wu, Junfeng Wang and Xinlei Ge
Toxics 2024, 12(3), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12030164 - 20 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
Aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) affects the mass loading, optical properties, and toxicity of aerosols. However, the measurement of ALWC is very rare due to its requirement of sophisticated instruments and its high operational costs. In this work, we improved on our previous [...] Read more.
Aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) affects the mass loading, optical properties, and toxicity of aerosols. However, the measurement of ALWC is very rare due to its requirement of sophisticated instruments and its high operational costs. In this work, we improved on our previous simple, low-cost method by using a combination of one real-time fine particulate matter (PM2.5) monitor and two turbidimeters and successfully applied these for the direct measurement of ALWC in PM2.5 in Nanjing during the summer of 2023. The average ALWC during this measurement period occupied ~1/6 of the total PM2.5 mass, and this contribution was even greater with the elevation in the PM2.5 concentration. The ALWC was, as anticipated, closely related to the relative humidity (RH) and PM2.5 concentrations, but it did not always increase with the air quality index (AQI) due to the fact that polluted periods in summer were often governed by high O3 levels, not PM2.5 levels. The ALWC also had a great impact on visibility; it could decrease the visibility rapidly to hazy conditions when the dry PM2.5 was not high (~30 μg m−3) or the AQI was “good” (75~100), indicating that the air quality classified as “good” using the dry PM2.5 concentration might actually be “lightly polluted” if the ALWC is included. We also found that the air mass originating from Northeast China had the lowest PM2.5 mass concentration yet the highest ALWC values due to its high RH. Moreover, the quantification of ALWC levels can help us understand the solubility/bioavailability and thus the toxic effects of some specific components (for example, heavy metals or organics). Moreover, the influence of ALWC on air quality classifications should also be considered in the assessment of the health effects of air pollution and in public health early warning and protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosols: A Challenge in Environmental Health)
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14 pages, 2777 KiB  
Article
The Cytotoxic Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) from Different Sources at the Air–Liquid Interface Exposure on A549 Cells
by Zhansheng Yan, Pengxiang Ge, Zhenyu Lu, Xiaoming Liu, Maoyu Cao, Wankang Chen and Mindong Chen
Toxics 2024, 12(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12010021 - 25 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1134
Abstract
The health of humans has been negatively impacted by PM2.5 exposure, but the chemical composition and toxicity of PM2.5 might vary depending on its source. To investigate the toxic effects of particulate matter from different sources on lung epithelial cells (A549), [...] Read more.
The health of humans has been negatively impacted by PM2.5 exposure, but the chemical composition and toxicity of PM2.5 might vary depending on its source. To investigate the toxic effects of particulate matter from different sources on lung epithelial cells (A549), PM2.5 samples were collected from residential, industrial, and transportation areas in Nanjing, China. The chemical composition of PM2.5 was analyzed, and toxicological experiments were conducted. The A549 cells were exposed using an air–liquid interface (ALI) exposure system, and the cytotoxic indicators of the cells were detected. The research results indicated that acute exposure to different sources of particulate matter at the air–liquid interface caused damage to the cells, induced the production of ROS, caused apoptosis, inflammatory damage, and DNA damage, with a dose–effect relationship. The content of heavy metals and PAHs in PM2.5 from the traffic source was relatively high, and the toxic effect of the traffic–source samples on the cells was higher than that of the industrial– and residential–source samples. The cytotoxicity of particulate matter was mostly associated with water–soluble ions, carbon components, heavy metals, PAHs, and endotoxin, based on the analysis of the Pearson correlation. Oxidative stress played an important role in PM2.5–induced biological toxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosols: A Challenge in Environmental Health)
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