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Water
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Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems
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Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 5491

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ling Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: pumps; simulation; optimization; unsteady flow
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wencheng Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: hydropower system; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; hydraulic transient; turbine regulation; power system stability; unsteady flow; renewable energy; energy storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pumping and hydropower systems are important pieces of equipment in the area of engineering, energy, water resources, and the chemical industry. Modeling complex flows is a major challenge in understanding the mechanism of liquid transport and energy conversion. Pumping and hydropower systems are complicated hydraulic systems. The design, operation, and maintenance of pumping and hydropower systems are based on the calculation and analysis of the hydraulic transient. The scientific outcomes from pumping and hydropower systems can help support engineers and decision makers in evaluating the energy performance and in implementing measures aiming to increase the operating efficiency and reliability. The research achievements provide a basis and guidance for the safe, stable, and efficient operation of pumping and hydropower systems.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of these new challenges arising from a wide range of pumping and hydropower systems, including the design method, optimization, numerical simulation, turbulence modelling, etc. The topics will concern new findings and developments for a phenomenon mechanism analysis and/or engineering design guidance through a numerical simulation or experiments for pumping and hydropower systems.

Dr. Ling Zhou
Dr. Wencheng Guo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pumps
  • turbines
  • hydropower
  • numerical simulation
  • experiments
  • vibration
  • hydraulic forces
  • hydraulic transient
  • stability
  • control strategy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 13165 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study of Low-Specific-Speed Centrifugal Pump Based on Principal Component Analysis
by Yangyang Wei, Han Zhu, Quanwang Fan, Ning Qiu, Jie Wu and Weibin Zhang
Water 2024, 16(13), 1785; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131785 - 24 Jun 2024
Viewed by 618
Abstract
The characteristics of pressure pulsations in centrifugal pumps have attracted considerable attention. In this study, principal component analysis is used to discuss the pressure pulsations in a centrifugal pump with a low specific speed, and the primary causes for these pressure pulsations are [...] Read more.
The characteristics of pressure pulsations in centrifugal pumps have attracted considerable attention. In this study, principal component analysis is used to discuss the pressure pulsations in a centrifugal pump with a low specific speed, and the primary causes for these pressure pulsations are analyzed in conjunction with experimental results. The results indicate that principal component analysis effectively separates the primary modes that influence the flow field characteristics. An excessive wrap angle results in the formation of a backflow vortex on the working face of the blade. Obvious stratification of the zero-order modal pressure indicates that the geometric structure of the impeller is rational and that the transient flow field is stable. The second- and third-order modes are conjugates, and their dominant frequency coincides with the dominant rotating frequency of the impeller, indicating that the pulsations of a single channel are the primary component of the pressure pulsations. The primary frequency (148.54 Hz) of the pressure pulsations at monitoring points distributed across the volute is three times the rotational frequency (49.51 Hz) of the impeller. The different positions and sub-frequencies of the monitoring points mean that the principal component analysis can effectively identify the impeller-induced sub-frequency difference. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems)
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18 pages, 9440 KiB  
Article
Research on the Flow Characteristics of Power-Law Fluids in Self-Priming Sewage Pumps
by Xukan Li, Shuihua Zheng, Zhenghao Shao, Mingjie Xu, Yiliang Li, Qing Huang, Min Chai and Zenan Sun
Water 2024, 16(11), 1526; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16111526 - 26 May 2024
Viewed by 666
Abstract
To conduct a more in-depth study of the flow mechanism of power-law fluids within sewage pumps, this paper focuses on self-priming sewage pumps, with typical power-law fluid (Carboxymethyl Cellulose, CMC) as the conveying medium. The constitutive equations for sewage and typical power-law fluid [...] Read more.
To conduct a more in-depth study of the flow mechanism of power-law fluids within sewage pumps, this paper focuses on self-priming sewage pumps, with typical power-law fluid (Carboxymethyl Cellulose, CMC) as the conveying medium. The constitutive equations for sewage and typical power-law fluid (CMC solution) were established using the power-law model. Through numerical calculation methods, the non-steady flow field inside the pump of different concentration power-law fluids was analyzed from various aspects such as velocity, pressure, vorticity, and wall shear stress. The pressure pulsations at key locations in the pump flow field were monitored and analyzed. At the rated flow rate, when the concentration of CMC solution increased from 0.5% to 2.0%, the channel pressure and tongue pressure decreased by 16.5% and 3.5%, respectively. This indicates that the pressure on the impeller blades, within the flow passages, and at the tongue of the volute all decrease with the increase in concentration of CMC solution. This may alter the fluid flow pattern, leading to more vortex motion and shear deformation, while also reducing the pump’s pressure boosting capability, thereby affecting the pump’s performance stability. It can be inferred from quantitative comparisons that changes in rheological properties had a significant impact on the flow characteristics of sewage pumps. This paper reveals that some flow characteristics of power-law fluids in sewage pumps, providing a theoretical and reference basis for the performance optimization and flow mechanism research of sewage pumps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems)
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16 pages, 10841 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of a Three-Stage Electrical Submersible Pump under Stall Conditions
by Yuqiang Wang, Zhe Wang, Xiangyu Song, Ling Bai, Mahmoud A. El-Emam and Ling Zhou
Water 2023, 15(14), 2619; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15142619 - 19 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1456
Abstract
This paper focuses on investigating the stall phenomenon of a three-stage electrical submersible pump using numerical methods by examining the internal and external characteristics of the pump under design conditions and critical stall and deep stall conditions. The energy losses inside the impeller [...] Read more.
This paper focuses on investigating the stall phenomenon of a three-stage electrical submersible pump using numerical methods by examining the internal and external characteristics of the pump under design conditions and critical stall and deep stall conditions. The energy losses inside the impeller and diffuser are also discussed. The internal flow at all pump stages under stall conditions is analyzed, highlighting differences and correlations. Under critical stall conditions, multiple vortices appear in the impeller channel of the first stage, while the flow in the secondary and final impeller remains smooth. Flow separation occurs in the diffusers at all three stages. Under deep stall conditions, the inlet setting angle causes all stages to enter a synchronous stall state. The range and intensity of vortices in the diffusers of all stages are further increased, seriously affecting the mainstream. This paper provides valuable insights for the research of internal flow and optimal design of electrical submersible pumps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems)
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Review

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19 pages, 1782 KiB  
Review
Application of the 3D Inverse Design Method in Reversible Pump Turbines and Francis Turbines
by Giacomo Zanetti, Monica Siviero, Giovanna Cavazzini and Alberto Santolin
Water 2023, 15(12), 2271; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15122271 - 17 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2052
Abstract
The increasingly stringent requirements in terms of flexibility and efficiency for hydraulic turbines pose new challenges for designers. Although computational fluid dynamics has offered new opportunities to significantly improve the performance in the preliminary design phase, the design of a hydraulic turbine still [...] Read more.
The increasingly stringent requirements in terms of flexibility and efficiency for hydraulic turbines pose new challenges for designers. Although computational fluid dynamics has offered new opportunities to significantly improve the performance in the preliminary design phase, the design of a hydraulic turbine still represents a challenging task requiring considerable engineering input and know-how. In such a scenario, the inverse three-dimensional design strategy has recently demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the machine performance, and interesting applications have been proposed for Francis turbines and reversible pump turbines. This paper presents and discusses the most interesting design solutions so far documented. The influence of blade staking and load distribution on the hydrodynamic performance is discussed. Finally, optimized blade load distributions are reported to provide useful design guidelines for the development of the new generation of hydraulic turbines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrodynamics in Pumping and Hydropower Systems)
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