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Nutrients
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Functional Lipids and Human Health
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Functional Lipids and Human Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Lipids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2025 | Viewed by 3314

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jingjing Duan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Human Aging Research Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
Interests: sphingolipids; sphingolipid metabolism; dietary lipids; fatty acids; aging; human health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advancements have underscored the pivotal role of functional lipids in human health, revealing their profound impact beyond mere energy sources. These lipids not only serve as structural components of cellular membranes but also play crucial roles in signal transduction and gene expression, influencing various physiological processes. Importantly, emerging research highlights their potential to modulate aging, inflammatory responses, and overall metabolic health. Moreover, the interplay between lipid metabolism and gut microbiota composition has garnered considerable attention, suggesting a profound link between dietary lipids, microbial ecology, and human health outcomes. This Special Issue on 'Functional Lipids and Human Health' aims to explore these intricate relationships, presenting cutting-edge research on how specific lipid interventions may mitigate inflammation, improve metabolic function, potentially delay aging, benefit neurodegenerative diseases, and alleviate chronic diseases. By synthesizing current findings and future perspectives, this collection seeks to deepen our understanding of the multifaceted roles of functional lipids in promoting human health and well-being.
We invite contributions that elucidate these mechanisms and their implications, fostering a comprehensive dialogue on the transformative potential of functional lipids in healthcare.

Best regards,

Prof. Dr. Jingjing Duan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary lipids
  • lipid metabolism
  • human health
  • functional lipids
  • sphingolipids
  • cholesterol
  • phospholipids
  • fatty acids
  • nutrition
  • lipidomics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1324 KiB  
Article
Parenteral Nutrition Containing Fish Oil for Hospitalized Non-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
by Lorenzo Pradelli, Axel Rüdiger Heller, Stanislaw Klek, Konstantin Mayer, Martin D. Rosenthal and Maurizio Muscaritoli
Nutrients 2025, 17(7), 1284; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071284 - 7 Apr 2025
Viewed by 426
Abstract
Background and aims: We investigated parenteral nutrition (PN) containing fish oil (FO-PN) vs. standard PN without fish oil (NF-PN) in adult patients hospitalized in the non-intensive care unit (general ward). Methods: Searches in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science (any date [...] Read more.
Background and aims: We investigated parenteral nutrition (PN) containing fish oil (FO-PN) vs. standard PN without fish oil (NF-PN) in adult patients hospitalized in the non-intensive care unit (general ward). Methods: Searches in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science (any date to 10 October 2024) were screened, data were extracted, and the quality of the studies was assessed by two independent researchers. Meta-analyses were performed, with outcomes included in random effects models, and heterogeneity for clinical outcomes was explored via subgroup analyses and meta-regression. Pharmacoeconomic analyses used data from the current meta-analysis. Results: In this study, 29 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, with intervention and control groups given FO-PN and NF-PN, respectively, as part of PN covering ≥70% energy provision. Compared to NF-PN, FO-PN was associated with a 37% lower relative risk (RR) of infection (19 RCTs; RR 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–0.78; p < 0.0001), 2.03 days shorter length of hospital stay (18 RCTs; 95% CI 1.23–2.84; p < 0.00001), and a 51% reduction in the risk of sepsis (10 RCTs; RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.32–0.74; p = 0.0009). There was a non-significant 54% reduction in the 30-day mortality rate (11 RCTs; RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.20–1.08; p = 0.07) for FO-PN. FO-PN was associated with better clinical outcomes and financial savings (i.e., dominance) compared to NF-PN in all five countries studied. Conclusions: FO-PN is a cost-effective option compared to NF-PN for adult patients hospitalized in a general ward across a range of healthcare systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Human Health)
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13 pages, 2138 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Lipid Absorption and Lymphatic Transport in Rats
by Qi Zhu, Qing Yang, Ling Shen, Meifeng Xu and Min Liu
Nutrients 2025, 17(6), 1034; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17061034 - 15 Mar 2025
Viewed by 546
Abstract
Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) exerts diverse metabolic effects, yet its influence on intestinal lipid metabolism remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated whether short-term (one-week) CBD treatment affects lipid absorption and transport through the lymphatic system using a validated lymph fistula model. Results: [...] Read more.
Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) exerts diverse metabolic effects, yet its influence on intestinal lipid metabolism remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated whether short-term (one-week) CBD treatment affects lipid absorption and transport through the lymphatic system using a validated lymph fistula model. Results: CBD treatment significantly enhanced the transport of radiolabeled triglycerides through the lymphatic system. This effect appeared specific, as CBD did not substantially alter cholesterol output in the lymph. Chemical assays indicated that CBD treatment did not significantly alter total triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, or non-esterified fatty acid levels in the lymph. However, it significantly enhanced the lymphatic output of apolipoprotein A4 (ApoA4) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1). Additionally, gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (Flt1) in the small intestine, leading to increased lymphatic lacteal permeability and altered lipid transport dynamics. Conclusions: These findings indicate that short-term CBD treatment modulates lymphatic lipid composition and apolipoprotein secretion by regulating lymphatic lacteal function, thereby influencing lipid transport and metabolism. This study provides novel insights into CBD’s role in facilitating TG-rich lipoprotein transport via the lymphatic system, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications in lipid-related disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Human Health)
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Review

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14 pages, 666 KiB  
Review
Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake: Current Outlook and Perspectives for a Novel, Nutritionally Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor
by Umberto Capece, Shawn Gugliandolo, Cassandra Morciano, Adriana Avolio, Amelia Splendore, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Gea Ciccarelli, Laura Soldovieri, Michela Brunetti, Teresa Mezza, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari and Francesca Cinti
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4318; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244318 - 14 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1923
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids reduce triglycerides and have several positive effects on different organs and systems. They are also found in the plasma membrane in variable amounts in relation to genetics and diet. However, it is still unclear whether omega-3 supplementation can reduce the [...] Read more.
Omega-3 fatty acids reduce triglycerides and have several positive effects on different organs and systems. They are also found in the plasma membrane in variable amounts in relation to genetics and diet. However, it is still unclear whether omega-3 supplementation can reduce the occurrence of major cardiovascular events (MACEs). Two trials, REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial), with highly purified EPA, and STRENGTH (Effect of High-Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs. Corn Oil on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk), with a combination of EPA and DHA, have produced different outcomes, triggering a scientific debate on possible explanations for the discrepancies. Furthermore, doubts have arisen as to the anti-inflammatory and anti-aggregating activity of these compounds. Recent studies have, however, highlighted interesting effects of EPA and DHA on erythrocyte membrane fluidity (EMF). EMF is governed by a complex and dynamic biochemical framework, with fatty acids playing a central role. Furthermore, it can be easily measured in erythrocytes from a blood sample using fluorescent probes. Recent research has also shown that EMF could act as a possible cardiovascular risk factor biomarker. This review aims to synthetize the latest evidence on erythrocyte membrane fluidity, exploring its potential role as a biomarker of residual cardiovascular risk and discussing its clinical relevance. Further, we aim to dissect the possible biological mechanisms that link omega-3 modifiable membrane fluidity to cardiovascular health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Human Health)
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