Mass Vaccination Campaigns: From Post-authorization Benefit-Risk Assessment to Public Health Impact

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

Communicable diseases have a direct impact on social, economic, health, and healthcare systems. Vaccination campaigns represent one of the most effective and cost-effective public health measures to protect the general population. In recent years, several vaccines have been developed to protect against the new SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants, as well as a growing number of pathogens such as HPV, monkeypox virus, and others. The implementation of new vaccines raises concerns regarding their effectiveness and safety profile, especially when they should be co-administered with drugs and other vaccines. In this context, if the co-administration practice facilitates the introduction of new vaccines into immunization programs contributing to improve coverage rates, this can also lead to interaction between products and consequent alteration in their health outcomes. In the post-COVID-19 era, vaccine hesitancy in the general population might be high due to stigma, inappropriate communication by mass media, and concerns around vaccine safety. This calls for studies to appropriately and routinely assess the safety and effectives of both old and new vaccines when administered to the general population. In this issue, we would like to discuss the safety of vaccines, with special emphasis on new ones, as well as the methodological aspects that should be considered in safety vaccine study design. We would like to invite submissions on this topic to collect the latest evidence on vaccine safety. The topics of interest for publication include but are not limited to the following:

• SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines’ safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness using real-world evidence; 
• Vaccines safety, post-marketing surveillance, and pharmacovigilance; 
• Vaccine safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness: novel methodological approaches and study designs; 
• Vaccine safety and effectiveness in special populations (i.e., children, elders, pregnant women, breastfeeding, and with specific comorbidity); 
• Delivering effective mass vaccination campaigns: global impact assessment and novel methods.

Dr. Giampiero Mazzaglia
Dr. Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani
Dr. Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Journal of Clinical Medicine jcm	3.0	5.7	2012	16 Days	CHF 2600
Pharmaceuticals pharmaceuticals	4.3	6.1	2004	13.9 Days	CHF 2900
Pharmacoepidemiology pharmacoepidemiology	-	-	2022	29.5 Days	CHF 1000
Pharmacy pharmacy	2.0	-	2013	24.6 Days	CHF 1800
Vaccines vaccines	5.2	8.9	2013	18.6 Days	CHF 2700
Healthcare healthcare	2.4	3.5	2013	20.3 Days	CHF 2700

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 5971 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Analyzing the Costs and Benefits of Utilizing a Mixed-Strategy Approach in Infectious Disease Control under a Voluntary Vaccination Policy

by K. M. Ariful Kabir, Mohammad Sharif Ullah and Jun Tanimoto

Vaccines 2023, 11(9), 1476; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091476 - 11 Sep 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1995

Abstract

Infectious diseases pose significant public health risks, necessitating effective control strategies. One such strategy is implementing a voluntary vaccination policy, which grants individuals the autonomy to make their own decisions regarding vaccination. However, exploring different approaches to optimize disease control outcomes is imperative, [...] Read more.

Infectious diseases pose significant public health risks, necessitating effective control strategies. One such strategy is implementing a voluntary vaccination policy, which grants individuals the autonomy to make their own decisions regarding vaccination. However, exploring different approaches to optimize disease control outcomes is imperative, and involves assessing their associated costs and benefits. This study analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of employing a mixed-strategy approach under a voluntary vaccination policy in infectious disease control. We examine the potential benefits of such an approach by utilizing a vaccination game model that incorporates cost and benefit factors, where lower costs and higher benefits lead to reduced infection rates. Here, we introduce a mixed-strategy framework that combines individual-based risk assessment (IB-RA) and society-based risk assessment (SB-RA) strategies. A novel dynamical equation is proposed that captures the decision-making process of individuals as they choose their strategy based on personal or communal considerations. In addition, we explore the implications of the mixed-strategy approach within the context of social dilemmas. We examine deviations from expected behavior and the concept of social efficiency deficit (SED) by allowing for the evolution of vaccine strategy preferences alongside risk perception. By comprehensively evaluating the financial implications and societal advantages associated with the mixed-strategy approach, decision-makers can allocate resources and implement measures to combat infectious diseases within the framework of a voluntary vaccination policy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Mass Vaccination Campaigns: From Post-authorization Benefit-Risk Assessment to Public Health Impact)

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11 pages, 590 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Immune-Mediated Organ-Specific Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Retrospective Descriptive Study

by Carmen Ruiz-Fernández, Ricardo Cuesta, Susana Martín-López, Javier Guijarro, Arturo López Gómez de las Huertas, Mikel Urroz, Laura Miguel-Berenguel, Miguel González-Muñoz and Elena Ramírez

Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(5), 720; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050720 - 9 May 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2214

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused the global COVID-19 pandemic and public health crisis, and it led to the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, which can cause rare and typically mild hypersensitivity reactions (HRs). Delayed HRs to COVID-19 vaccines have been reported, [...] Read more.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused the global COVID-19 pandemic and public health crisis, and it led to the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, which can cause rare and typically mild hypersensitivity reactions (HRs). Delayed HRs to COVID-19 vaccines have been reported, and the excipients polyethylene glycol (PEG)2000 and polysorbate 80 (P80) are the suspected culprits. Skin patch tests do not help in diagnosing delayed reactions. We aimed to perform lymphocyte transformation tests (LTT) with PEG2000 and P80 in 23 patients with suspected delayed HRs. Neurological reactions (n = 10) and myopericarditis reactions (n = 6) were the most frequent complications. Seventy-eight percent (18/23) of the study patients were admitted to a hospital ward, and the median time to discharge was 5.5 (IQR, 3–8) days. Some 73.9% of the patients returned to baseline condition after 25 (IQR, 3–80) days. LTT was positive in 8/23 patients (5/10 neurological reactions, 2/4 hepatitis reactions and 1/2 rheumatologic reactions). All myopericarditis cases had a negative LTT. These preliminary results indicate that LTT with PEGs and polysorbates is a useful tool for identifying excipients as causal agents in HRs to COVID-19 vaccines and can play an important role in risk stratification in patients with HRs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Mass Vaccination Campaigns: From Post-authorization Benefit-Risk Assessment to Public Health Impact)

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