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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Zoonotic Diseases: Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment
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Zoonotic Diseases: Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2024) | Viewed by 2505

Special Issue Editor

Dr. George Valiakos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Interests: veterinary microbiology; bacteriology; one health; antimicrobial resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A zoonotic disease is an infectious disease that crosses from non-human animal sources to human sources. There are more than 200 known zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases account for a large proportion of emerging and existing diseases in humans. There are many disease epidemics that have zoonotic origins. Zoonotic pathogens can be transmitted to humans through any point of contact with domestic, agricultural, or wild animals. With the process of urbanization and the invasion of wild animal habitats, the probability of zoonotic transmission has greatly increased. More importantly, the continuous use of various antibiotics in animal production, food processing, and agricultural production, and the increasing resistance of various pathogens to antibiotics, make the pathogens spread more rapidly, which poses a great challenge to our response.

This Special Issue aims to study the diagnosis and detection of zoonotic pathogens, the reduction in antibiotic susceptibility, the epidemiology of pathogens, novel antimicrobials or antimicrobial approaches to combat antibiotic resistance, and other antimicrobial or pathogen research related to zoonotic diseases. The original research articles and review articles are encouraged and other types of articles are also welcome to be submitted.

Dr. George Valiakos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 1832 KiB  
Article
Rabbits as a Reservoir of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli: Clonal Lineages and Public Health Impact
by Adriana Silva, Vanessa Silva, Teresa Tavares, María López, Beatriz Rojo-Bezares, José Eduardo Pereira, Virgílio Falco, Patrícia Valentão, Gilberto Igrejas, Yolanda Sáenz and Patrícia Poeta
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040376 - 20 Apr 2024
Viewed by 699
Abstract
Escherichia coli, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing strains, poses a global health threat due to multidrug resistance, compromising food safety and environmental integrity. In industrial settings, rabbits raised for meat have the highest consumption of antimicrobial agents compared to other food-producing animals. The [...] Read more.
Escherichia coli, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing strains, poses a global health threat due to multidrug resistance, compromising food safety and environmental integrity. In industrial settings, rabbits raised for meat have the highest consumption of antimicrobial agents compared to other food-producing animals. The European Union is facing challenges in rabbit farming as rabbit consumption declines and antibiotic-resistant strains of E. coli cause enteric diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile, genetic diversity, and biofilm formation in cefotaxime-resistant E. coli strains isolated from twenty rabbit farms in Northern Portugal to address the effect of the pressing issue of antibiotic resistance in the rabbit farming industry. Resistance to critically antibiotics was observed, with high levels of resistance to several categories, such as tetracycline, ampicillin, aztreonam, and streptomycin. However, all isolates were susceptible to cefoxitin and imipenem. Multidrug resistance was common, with strains showing resistance to all antibiotics tested. The blaCTX-M variants (blaCTX-3G and blaCTX-M9), followed by the tetracycline resistance genes, were the most frequent resistance genes found. ST10 clones exhibiting significant resistance to various categories of antibiotics and harboring different resistance genes were detected. ST457 and ST2325 were important sequence types due to their association with ESBL-E. coli isolates and have been widely distributed in a variety of environments and host species. The strains evaluated showed a high capacity for biofilm formation, which varied when they were grouped by the number of classes of antibiotics to which they showed resistance (i.e., seven different classes of antibiotics, six classes of antibiotics, and three/four/five classes of antibiotics). The One Health approach integrates efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance in rabbit farming through interdisciplinary collaboration of human, animal, and environmental health. Our findings are worrisome and raise concerns. The extensive usage of antibiotics in rabbit farming emphasizes the urgent need to establish active surveillance systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic Diseases: Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment)
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27 pages, 1246 KiB  
Systematic Review
Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci as an Etiologic Agent of Ovine Mastitis, with a Focus on Subclinical Forms
by Marios Lysitsas, Vassiliki Spyrou, Charalambos Billinis and George Valiakos
Antibiotics 2023, 12(12), 1661; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121661 - 25 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1358
Abstract
The objective of this review is to investigate the distribution and the characteristics of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) implicated in ovine mastitis, and especially in subclinical cases, in order to provide a global perspective of the current research data and analyze specific critical aspects [...] Read more.
The objective of this review is to investigate the distribution and the characteristics of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) implicated in ovine mastitis, and especially in subclinical cases, in order to provide a global perspective of the current research data and analyze specific critical aspects of the issue. PRISMA guidelines were implemented in the search of the last 20 years of the related literature in two databases. In total, 139 studies were included in this review. Relevant data were tracked down, assembled, and compared. Regarding the geographical distribution, most studies originated from Europe (68), followed by South America (33). Lacaune was the most examined breed, while S. epidermidis was the predominantly identified species, representing approximately 39% of the obtained isolates. Antibiotic resistance in the relevant bacteria was documented mostly for Penicillin (32.8%) and Amoxicillin (32.1%), while biofilm- and toxin-associated genes were encountered in variable rates because significant inequalities were observed between different articles. Significantly higher rates of antimicrobial resistance were detected in Asia and South America compared to Europe. Finally, the diagnostic procedures carried out in the respective studies were evaluated. Conventional culture and biochemical tests were mostly performed for simple strain identification; therefore, further molecular investigation of isolates should be pursued in future studies, as this will provide important data regarding specific aspects of the implication of CoNS in ovine mastitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic Diseases: Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment)
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