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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress and Newborns
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Oxidative Stress and Newborns

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 1127

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jean-Claude Lavoie

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology and Nutrition, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
Interests: oxidative stress; parenteral nutrition; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; epigenetic; perinatality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The difference in oxygen pressure at birth, from 25 mm (intrauterine) to 85 mm Hg (ambient air), induces a stress necessary to induce, among other things, the newborn's antioxidant defenses. However, conditions inducing exaggerated oxidative stress or a breakdown in redox homeostasis could compromise the newborn's overall metabolism, as well as the development of several systems and organs. As DNA methylation has been shown to be influenced by the redox environment, long-term effects on the newborn’s health are also very possible.

These conditions may include a genetic component; the mother's environment during gestation (diet, food supplements, medication, physical activity, etc.); the newborn's diet; birth conditions; prematurity; growth retardation; treatments received by newborns (parenteral nutrition, medication, etc.); etc.

The scientific field concerning redox balance in newborns is vast. Scientific knowledge is relatively underdeveloped. The aim of this Special Issue is to fill, at least partly, this knowledge gap. Thus, you are invited to submit your research findings in this field. This may be a literature review or original data from clinical, animal, or in vitro studies. All studies concerning oxidative stress, the redox environment, the induction of antioxidant defenses, or the administration of antioxidant molecules in neonates are welcome.

Dr. Jean-Claude Lavoie
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 5331 KiB  
Article
Use of Optical Redox Imaging to Quantify Alveolar Macrophage Redox State in Infants: Proof of Concept Experiments in a Murine Model and Human Tracheal Aspirates Samples
by He N. Xu, Diego Gonzalves, Jonathan H. Hoffman, Joseph A. Baur, Lin Z. Li and Erik A. Jensen
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 546; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050546 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Emerging data indicate that lung macrophages (LM) may provide a novel biomarker to classify disease endotypes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a form of infant chronic lung disease, and that augmentation of the LM phenotype may be a potential therapeutic target. To contribute to [...] Read more.
Emerging data indicate that lung macrophages (LM) may provide a novel biomarker to classify disease endotypes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a form of infant chronic lung disease, and that augmentation of the LM phenotype may be a potential therapeutic target. To contribute to this area of research, we first used Optical Redox Imaging (ORI) to characterize the responses to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and caffeine treatment in an in vitro model of mouse alveolar macrophages (AM). H2O2 caused a dose-dependent decrease in NADH and an increase in FAD-containing flavoproteins (Fp) and the redox ratio Fp/(NADH + Fp). Caffeine treatment did not affect Fp but significantly decreased NADH with doses of ≥50 µM, and 1000 µM caffeine treatment significantly increased the redox ratio and decreased the baseline level of mitochondrial ROS (reactive oxygen species). However, regardless of whether AM were pretreated with caffeine or not, the mitochondrial ROS levels increased to similar levels after H2O2 challenge. We then investigated the feasibility of utilizing ORI to examine macrophage redox status in tracheal aspirate (TA) samples obtained from premature infants receiving invasive ventilation. We observed significant heterogeneity in NADH, Fp, Fp/(NADH + Fp), and mitochondrial ROS of the TA macrophages. We found a possible positive correlation between gestational age and NADH and a negative correlation between mean airway pressure and NADH that provides hypotheses for future testing. Our study demonstrates that ORI is a feasible technique to characterize macrophage redox state in infant TA samples and supports further use of this method to investigate lung macrophage-mediated disease endotypes in BPD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Newborns)
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12 pages, 650 KiB  
Article
A Bayesian Reanalysis of the Overall and Sex-Disaggregated Results of the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-Analysis (NeOProM)
by Maurice Jacob Huizing, Tamara Maria Hundscheid, František Bartoš and Eduardo Villamor
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 509; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050509 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 505
Abstract
Data from the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis (NeOProM) indicate that targeting a higher (91–95%) versus lower (85–89%) pulse oximeter saturation (SpO2) range may reduce mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and increase retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Aiming to re-evaluate the strength of [...] Read more.
Data from the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis (NeOProM) indicate that targeting a higher (91–95%) versus lower (85–89%) pulse oximeter saturation (SpO2) range may reduce mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and increase retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Aiming to re-evaluate the strength of this evidence, we conducted a Bayesian reanalysis of the NeOProM data. We used Bayes factors (BFs) to evaluate the likelihood of the data under the combination of models assuming the presence vs. absence of effect, heterogeneity, and moderation by sex. The Bayesian reanalysis showed moderate evidence in favor of no differences between SpO2 targets (BF10 = 0.30) in death or major disability, but moderate evidence (BF10 = 3.60) in favor of a lower mortality in the higher SpO2 group. Evidence in favor of differences was observed for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (BF10 = 14.44, lower rate with lower SpO2), severe NEC (BF10 = 9.94), and treated ROP (BF10 = 3.36). The only outcome with moderate evidence in favor of sex differences was BPD. This reanalysis of the NeOProM trials confirmed that exposure to a lower versus higher SpO2 range is associated with a higher mortality and risk of NEC, but a lower risk of ROP and BPD. The Bayesian approach can help in assessing the strength of evidence supporting clinical decisions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Newborns)
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