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Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science

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A special issue of Condensed Matter (ISSN 2410-3896).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 27004

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Prof. Dr. Antonio Bianconi

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Guest Editor

Rome International Center for Materials Science Superstripes (RICMASS), Via dei Sabelli 119A, 00185 Roma, Italy
Interests: synchrotron radiation research; protein fluctuations; active sites of metalloproteins; origin of life; selected molecules in prebiotic world; quantum phenomena in complex matter; quantum confinement; superstripes in complex matter; lattice complexity in transition metal oxides; high Tc superconductors; valence fluctuation materials
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Prof. Dr. Yoshiteru Maeno

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Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Interests: thermal convection and chaos in helium superfluids, magnetism and superconductivity in Chevrel-phase and heavy-fermion compounds, substitution effects in cuprate high-temperature superconductors, spin frustrations in spin ice, unconventional superconductivity and metal-insulator transitions, non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) of strongly correlated electron systems, topological quantum phenomena

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the initial outbreak of research triggered by the discovery of topological insulators just a decade ago, the concept of topology continues to drive the expansion of the frontiers in modern condensed matter physics.

Target topological materials of current interests include various forms of superconductivity, novel semimetals, and correlated magnets. Efforts to firmly establish Majorana particles in condensed matter also extends to these variety of topological materials. The aim of this special issue is to bring together active scientists in this field to discuss recent advances in topological materials science, thereby to identify the most important questions and find directions to answer them.

Prof. Antonio Bianconi
Prof. Yoshiteru Maeno
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

Majorana fermions
Topological superconductivity of bulk topological superconductors
Topologocal superconductivity in heterostructures and junctions
Topological condensates (BEC-BCS crossover, Cold atoms, Helium)
Dirac and Weyl materials
Correlations and topology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1662 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Engineering Topological Nodal Line Semimetals in Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupled Atomic Chains

by Paola Gentile, Vittorio Benvenuto, Carmine Ortix, Canio Noce and Mario Cuoco

Condens. Matter 2019, 4(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010025 - 16 Feb 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3336

Abstract

In this paper, we study an atomic chain in the presence of modulated charge potential and modulated Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) of equal periods. We show that for commensurate periodicities,

λ = 4 n

with integer n, the three-dimensional synthetic space obtained [...] Read more.

In this paper, we study an atomic chain in the presence of modulated charge potential and modulated Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) of equal periods. We show that for commensurate periodicities,

λ = 4 n

with integer n, the three-dimensional synthetic space obtained by sliding the two phases of the charge potential and RSOC features a topological nodal-line semimetal protected by an anti-unitary particle-hole symmetry. The location and shape of the nodal lines strongly depend on the relative amplitude between the charge potential and RSOC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science)

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9 pages, 1610 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Proximity-Induced Superconducting States of Magnetically Doped 3D Topological Insulators with High Bulk Insulation

by Rikizo Yano, Hishiro T. Hirose, Kohei Tsumura, Shuhei Yamamoto, Masao Koyanagi, Manabu Kanou, Hiromi Kashiwaya, Takao Sasagawa and Satoshi Kashiwaya

Condens. Matter 2019, 4(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010009 - 12 Jan 2019

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4013

Abstract

We studied magnetized topological insulator/superconductor junctions with the expectation of unconventional superconductive states holding Majorana fermions induced by superconductive proximity effects on the surface states of magnetized topological insulators (TIs), attached by conventional superconductors. We introduced Fe-doped BiSbTe₂Se as an ideal magnetic TI and used the developed junction fabrication process to access the proximity-induced surface superconducting states. The bulk single crystals of the Fe-doped TI showed excellent bulk-insulating properties and ferromagnetism simultaneously at a low temperature. Meanwhile, the fabricated junctions also showed an insulating behavior above 100 K, as well as metallic conduction at a low temperature, which reflects bulk carrier freezing. In addition, we observed a proximity-induced gap structure in the conductance spectra. These results indicate that the junctions using the established materials and process are preferable to observe unconventional superconducting states which are induced via the surface channels of the magnetized TI. We believe that the developed process can be applied for the fabrication of complicated junctions and suites for braiding operations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science)

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11 pages, 5340 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Improved Single-Crystal Growth of Sr₂RuO₄

by Jake S. Bobowski, Naoki Kikugawa, Takuto Miyoshi, Haruki Suwa, Han-shu Xu, Shingo Yonezawa, Dmitry A. Sokolov, Andrew P. Mackenzie and Yoshiteru Maeno

Condens. Matter 2019, 4(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010006 - 07 Jan 2019

Cited by 31 | Viewed by 4919

Abstract

High-quality single crystals are essentially needed for the investigation of the novel bulk properties of unconventional superconductors. The availability of such crystals grown by the floating-zone method has helped to unveil the unconventional superconductivity of the layered perovskite Sr₂RuO₄, which is considered as a strong candidate of a topological spin-triplet superconductor. Yet, recent progress of investigations urges further efforts to obtain ultimately high-quality crystalline samples. In this paper, we focus on the method of preparation of feed rods for the floating-zone melting and report on the improvements of the crystal growth. We present details of the improved methods used to obtain crystals with superconducting transition temperatures T_c that are consistently as high as 1.4 K, as well as the properties of these crystals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science)

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9 pages, 1791 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electric Polarization in Magnetic Topological Nodal Semimetal Thin Films

by Yuya Ominato, Ai Yamakage and Kentaro Nomura

Condens. Matter 2018, 3(4), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat3040043 - 30 Nov 2018

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3666

Abstract

We theoretically study the electric polarization in magnetic topological nodal semimetal thin films. In magnetically doped topological insulators, topological nodal semimetal phases emerge once the exchange coupling overcomes the band gap. Changing the magnetization direction, nodal structure is modulated and the system becomes topological nodal point or line semimetals. We find that nodal line semimetals are characterized by non-linear electric polarization, which is not observed in nodal point semimetals. The non-linear response originates from the existence of the surface states. Screening effect is self consistently included within a mean field approximation and the non-linear electric polarization is observed even in the presence of screening effect. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science)

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Review

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20 pages, 3172 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nematic Superconductivity in Doped Bi₂Se₃ Topological Superconductors

by Shingo Yonezawa

Condens. Matter 2019, 4(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010002 - 20 Dec 2018

Cited by 80 | Viewed by 10267

Abstract

Nematic superconductivity is a novel class of superconductivity characterized by spontaneous rotational-symmetry breaking in the superconducting gap amplitude and/or Cooper-pair spins with respect to the underlying lattice symmetry. Doped Bi

_{2}

_{3}

superconductors, such as Cu

_{x}

_{2}

_{3}

, [...] Read more.

_{2}

_{3}

superconductors, such as Cu

_{x}

_{2}

_{3}

, Sr

_{x}

_{2}

_{3}

, and Nb

_{x}

_{2}

_{3}

, are considered as candidates for nematic superconductors, in addition to the anticipated topological superconductivity. Recently, various bulk probes, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, specific heat, magnetotransport, magnetic torque, and magnetization, have consistently revealed two-fold symmetric behavior in their in-plane magnetic-field-direction dependence, although the underlying crystal lattice possesses three-fold rotational symmetry. More recently, nematic superconductivity was directly visualized using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. In this short review, we summarize the current research on the nematic behavior in superconducting doped Bi

_{2}

_{3}

systems and discuss issues and perspectives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Majorana Fermions and Topological Materials Science)

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