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Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis
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Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Analytical Methods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 54127

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Oscar Núñez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
2. Research Institute in Food Nutrition and Food Safety, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, Edifici Recerca (Gaudí), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
Interests: food authentication; food characterization; food classification; food fraud identification; secondary metabolites; polyphenols; foodomics; bioactive compounds; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; high resolution mass spectrometry; ambient mass spectrometry; capillary electrophoresis; chemometrics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Paolo Lucci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agri Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Universityof Udine, Via Sondrio 2A, I-33100 Udine, Italy
Interests: food authentication; food contaminants; edible oil characterization; food fraud identification; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Food products are very complex mixtures consisting of naturally-occurring compounds and other substances, generally originating from technological processes, agrochemical treatments, or packaging materials. Several of these compounds (e.g., veterinary drugs, pesticides, mycotoxins, etc.) are of particular concern because, although they are generally present in very small amounts, they are nonetheless often dangerous to human health. On the other hand, improved methods for the determination of authenticity, standardization, and efficacy of nutritional properties in natural food products are also required to guarantee their quality and for the growth and regulation of the market. Thus, food safety and food authentication are hot topics for both society and the food industry. Nowadays, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (LC-UV) detection, or coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), are among the most powerful techniques to address food safety issues and to guarantee food authenticity in order to prevent frauds. In this Special Issue, the role of liquid chromatography techniques in food analysis (including food safety issues, determination of nutritional properties, and authentication and prevention of frauds) will be addressed. Both, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Oscar Núñez
Dr. Paolo Lucci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liquid chromatography
  • food safety
  • food authentication
  • nutritional properties
  • UV-detection
  • mass spectrometry
  • high-resolution mass spectrometry

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

4 pages, 187 KiB  
Editorial
Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis
by Oscar Núñez and Paolo Lucci
Foods 2020, 9(9), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9091277 - 11 Sep 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4192
Abstract
Food products are very complex mixtures consisting of naturally-occurring compounds and other substances, generally originating from technological processes, agrochemical treatments, or packaging materials [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

10 pages, 615 KiB  
Article
Native Colombian Fruits and Their by-Products: Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Activity and Hypoglycaemic Potential
by Monica Rosa Loizzo, Paolo Lucci, Oscar Núñez, Rosa Tundis, Michele Balzano, Natale Giuseppe Frega, Lanfranco Conte, Sabrina Moret, Daria Filatova, Encarnación Moyano and Deborah Pacetti
Foods 2019, 8(3), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8030089 - 03 Mar 2019
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 5991
Abstract
The phenols and fatty acids profile and in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activity of seed, peel, pulp or pulp plus seeds of Colombian fruits from Solanaceae and Passifloraceae families were investigated. Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) revealed the presence [...] Read more.
The phenols and fatty acids profile and in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activity of seed, peel, pulp or pulp plus seeds of Colombian fruits from Solanaceae and Passifloraceae families were investigated. Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid as dominant phenolic compound in Solanaceae samples. Based on the Relative Antioxidant Score (RACI) and Global Antioxidant Score (GAS) values, Solanum quitoense peel showed the highest antioxidant potential among Solanaceae samples while Passiflora tripartita fruits exhibited the highest antioxidant effects among Passifloraceae samples. P. ligularis seeds were the most active as hypoglycaemic agent with IC50 values of 22.6 and 24.8 μg/mL against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Considering that some of the most promising results were obtained by the processing waste portion, its use as functional ingredients should be considered for the development of nutraceutical products intended for patients with disturbance of glucose metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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10 pages, 2141 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Sparkling Wines According to Polyphenolic Profiles Obtained by HPLC-UV/Vis and Principal Component Analysis
by Anaïs Izquierdo-Llopart and Javier Saurina
Foods 2019, 8(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8010022 - 10 Jan 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5267
Abstract
Cava is a sparkling wine obtained by a secondary fermentation in its own bottle. Grape skin contains several compounds, such as polyphenols, which act like natural protectors and provide flavor and color to the wines. In this paper, a previously optimized method based [...] Read more.
Cava is a sparkling wine obtained by a secondary fermentation in its own bottle. Grape skin contains several compounds, such as polyphenols, which act like natural protectors and provide flavor and color to the wines. In this paper, a previously optimized method based on reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) detection has been applied to determine polyphenols in cava wines. Compounds have been separated in a C18 core-shell column using 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol as the components of the mobile phase. Chromatograms have been recorded at 280, 310 and 370 nm to gain information on the composition of benzoic acids, hidroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids, respectively. HPLC-UV/vis data consisting of compositional profiles of relevant analytes has been exploited to characterize cava wines produced from different base wine blends using chemometrics. Other oenological variables, such as vintage, aging or malolatic fermentation, have been fixed over all the samples to avoid their influence on the description. Principal component analysis and other statistic methods have been used to extract of the underlying information, providing an excellent discrimination of samples according to grape varieties and coupages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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10 pages, 1005 KiB  
Article
Effect of Artificial LED Light and Far Infrared Irradiation on Phenolic Compound, Isoflavones and Antioxidant Capacity in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Sprout
by Md Obyedul Kalam Azad, Won Woo Kim, Cheol Ho Park and Dong Ha Cho
Foods 2018, 7(10), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods7100174 - 22 Oct 2018
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5501
Abstract
The effect of light emitting diode (LED) light and far infrared irradiation (FIR) on total phenol, isoflavones and antioxidant activity were investigated in soybean (Glycine max L.) sprout. Artificial blue (470 nm), green (530 nm) LED and florescent light (control) were applied [...] Read more.
The effect of light emitting diode (LED) light and far infrared irradiation (FIR) on total phenol, isoflavones and antioxidant activity were investigated in soybean (Glycine max L.) sprout. Artificial blue (470 nm), green (530 nm) LED and florescent light (control) were applied on soybean sprout, from three to seven days after sowing (DAS) in growth chamber. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and photoperiod was 150 ± 5 μmol m−2s−1 and 16 h, respectively. The FIR was applied for 30, 60 and 120 min at 90, 110 and 130 °C on harvested sprout. Total phenolic content (TP) (59.81 mg/g), antioxidant capacity (AA: 75%, Ferric Reduction Antioxidant Power (FRAP): 1357 µM Fe2+) and total isoflavones content (TIC) (51.1 mg/g) were higher in blue LED compared to control (38.02 mg/g, 58%, 632 µM Fe2+ and 30.24 mg/g, respectively). On the other hand, TP (64.23 mg/g), AA (87%), FRAP (1568 µM Fe2+) and TIC (58.98 mg/g) were significantly increased by FIR at 110 °C for 120 min among the treatments. Result suggests that blue LED is the most suitable light to steady accumulation of secondary metabolites (SM) in growing soybean sprout. On the other hand, FIR at 110 °C for 120 min is the best ailment to induce SM in proceed soybean sprout. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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15 pages, 1398 KiB  
Article
Authentication and Quantitation of Fraud in Extra Virgin Olive Oils Based on HPLC-UV Fingerprinting and Multivariate Calibration
by Núria Carranco, Mireia Farrés-Cebrián, Javier Saurina and Oscar Núñez
Foods 2018, 7(4), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods7040044 - 21 Mar 2018
Cited by 57 | Viewed by 8371
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography method with ultra-violet detection (HPLC-UV) fingerprinting was applied for the analysis and characterization of olive oils, and was performed using a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8 reversed-phase column under gradient elution, employing 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol as mobile [...] Read more.
High performance liquid chromatography method with ultra-violet detection (HPLC-UV) fingerprinting was applied for the analysis and characterization of olive oils, and was performed using a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8 reversed-phase column under gradient elution, employing 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol as mobile phase. More than 130 edible oils, including monovarietal extra-virgin olive oils (EVOOs) and other vegetable oils, were analyzed. Principal component analysis results showed a noticeable discrimination between olive oils and other vegetable oils using raw HPLC-UV chromatographic profiles as data descriptors. However, selected HPLC-UV chromatographic time-window segments were necessary to achieve discrimination among monovarietal EVOOs. Partial least square (PLS) regression was employed to tackle olive oil authentication of Arbequina EVOO adulterated with Picual EVOO, a refined olive oil, and sunflower oil. Highly satisfactory results were obtained after PLS analysis, with overall errors in the quantitation of adulteration in the Arbequina EVOO (minimum 2.5% adulterant) below 2.9%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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10 pages, 648 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Determination of Interesterification Markers (Triacylglycerol Regioisomers) in Confectionery Oils by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
by Valentina Santoro, Federica Dal Bello, Riccardo Aigotti, Daniela Gastaldi, Francesco Romaniello, Emanuele Forte, Martina Magni, Claudio Baiocchi and Claudio Medana
Foods 2018, 7(2), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods7020023 - 16 Feb 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5503
Abstract
Interesterification is an industrial transformation process aiming to change the physico-chemical properties of vegetable oils by redistributing fatty acid position within the original constituent of the triglycerides. In the confectionery industry, controlling formation degree of positional isomers is important in order to obtain [...] Read more.
Interesterification is an industrial transformation process aiming to change the physico-chemical properties of vegetable oils by redistributing fatty acid position within the original constituent of the triglycerides. In the confectionery industry, controlling formation degree of positional isomers is important in order to obtain fats with the desired properties. Silver ion HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is the analytical technique usually adopted to separate triglycerides (TAGs) having different unsaturation degrees. However, separation of TAG positional isomers is a challenge when the number of double bonds is the same and the only difference is in their position within the triglyceride molecule. The TAG positional isomers involved in the present work have a structural specificity that require a separation method tailored to the needs of confectionery industry. The aim of this work was to obtain a chromatographic resolution that might allow reliable qualitative and quantitative evaluation of TAG positional isomers within reasonably rapid retention times and robust in respect of repeatability and reproducibility. The resulting analytical procedure was applied both to confectionery raw materials and final products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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Review

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63 pages, 3522 KiB  
Review
Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Common Nutritional Components, in Feed and Food
by Carolina Cortés-Herrera, Graciela Artavia, Astrid Leiva and Fabio Granados-Chinchilla
Foods 2019, 8(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8010001 - 20 Dec 2018
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 17481
Abstract
Food and feed laboratories share several similarities when facing the implementation of liquid-chromatographic analysis. Using the experience acquired over the years, through application chemistry in food and feed research, selected analytes of relevance for both areas were discussed. This review focused on the [...] Read more.
Food and feed laboratories share several similarities when facing the implementation of liquid-chromatographic analysis. Using the experience acquired over the years, through application chemistry in food and feed research, selected analytes of relevance for both areas were discussed. This review focused on the common obstacles and peculiarities that each analyte offers (during the sample treatment or the chromatographic separation) throughout the implementation of said methods. A brief description of the techniques which we considered to be more pertinent, commonly used to assay such analytes is provided, including approaches using commonly available detectors (especially in starter labs) as well as mass detection. This manuscript consists of three sections: feed analysis (as the start of the food chain); food destined for human consumption determinations (the end of the food chain); and finally, assays shared by either matrices or laboratories. Analytes discussed consist of both those considered undesirable substances, contaminants, additives, and those related to nutritional quality. Our review is comprised of the examination of polyphenols, capsaicinoids, theobromine and caffeine, cholesterol, mycotoxins, antibiotics, amino acids, triphenylmethane dyes, nitrates/nitrites, ethanol soluble carbohydrates/sugars, organic acids, carotenoids, hydro and liposoluble vitamins. All analytes are currently assayed in our laboratories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis)
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