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Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving...
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Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving Global Economy

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Technologies and Resources for Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2011) | Viewed by 22197

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Amalia D. Karagouni

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Guest Editor
Microbiology Group, Department of Botany, School of Sciences, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 157 01 Athens, Greece
Prof. Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou

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Guest Editor
Enzyme and Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: microbial biotechnology; enzyme biotechnology; environmental microbiology; biorefineries; biofuels; bio-engineering; synthetic biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The eleventh conference of "BAGECO" will be held in the island of Corfu in Greece next May 2011 (www.bageco11.org). Following the tradition of BAGECO meetings, in the program of BAGECO11 it has been included themes like Molecular Biology for the Environment, The Microbial Environment and Human Health, Micro-environment and Plant Health, Marine Ecosystems and Health. In addition, a full day session on Synthetic Biology as roundtable discussion has been organized with excellent invited speakers who will cover all issues concerning the new avenues which Synthetic Biology opens for Microbial Ecology/Genetics/Biotechnology and opinions about those issues that affect science, technology and socioeconomics. Finally, the Third Generation Sequencing Technology will be covered in the corresponding session.

Prof. Dr. Amalia D. Karagouni
Prof. Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou
Guest Editors

Published Papers (3 papers)

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1739 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Fecal Microbiota in Feral and Domestic Goats
by Kassandra M. De Jesús-Laboy, Filipa Godoy-Vitorino, Yvette M. Piceno, Lauren M. Tom, Ida G. Pantoja-Feliciano, Michelle J. Rivera-Rivera, Gary L. Andersen and María G. Domínguez-Bello
Genes 2012, 3(1), 1-18; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes3010001 - 21 Dec 2011
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 8491
Abstract
Animals have co-evolved with mutualistic microbial communities, known as the microbiota, which are essential for organ development and function. We hypothesize that modern animal husbandry practices exert an impact on the intestinal microbiota. In this study, we compared the structure of the fecal [...] Read more.
Animals have co-evolved with mutualistic microbial communities, known as the microbiota, which are essential for organ development and function. We hypothesize that modern animal husbandry practices exert an impact on the intestinal microbiota. In this study, we compared the structure of the fecal microbiota between feral and domestic goats using the G2 PhyloChip and assessed the presence of five tetracycline resistance genes [tet(M), tet(S), tet(O), tet(Q) and tet(W)] by PCR. Feces were collected from 10 goats: 5 domestic from a farm in the main island of Puerto Rico and 5 feral from the remote dry island of Mona. There were 42 bacterial phyla from 153 families detected in the goats’ feces. A total of 84 PhyloChip-OTUs were different in the fecal microbiota of feral and domestic goat. Both feral and domestic goats carried antibiotic resistance genes tet(O) and tet(W), but domestic goats additionally carried tet(Q). Diet, host genetics and antibiotic exposure are likely determinant factors in shaping the intestinal microbiota and may explain the differences observed between feral and domestic goats fecal microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving Global Economy)
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216 KiB  
Article
Occurrence of Plasmids in the Aromatic Degrading Bacterioplankton of the Baltic Sea
by Jekaterina Jutkina, Eeva Heinaru, Eve Vedler, Jaanis Juhanson and Ain Heinaru
Genes 2011, 2(4), 853-868; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2040853 - 04 Nov 2011
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6747
Abstract
Plasmids are mobile genetic elements that provide their hosts with many beneficial traits including in some cases the ability to degrade different aromatic compounds. To fulfill the knowledge gap regarding catabolic plasmids of the Baltic Sea water, a total of 209 biodegrading bacterial [...] Read more.
Plasmids are mobile genetic elements that provide their hosts with many beneficial traits including in some cases the ability to degrade different aromatic compounds. To fulfill the knowledge gap regarding catabolic plasmids of the Baltic Sea water, a total of 209 biodegrading bacterial strains were isolated and screened for the presence of these mobile genetic elements. We found that both large and small plasmids are common in the cultivable Baltic Sea bacterioplankton and are particularly prevalent among bacterial genera Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. Out of 61 plasmid-containing strains (29% of all isolates), 34 strains were found to carry large plasmids, which could be associated with the biodegradative capabilities of the host bacterial strains. Focusing on the diversity of IncP-9 plasmids, self-transmissible m-toluate (TOL) and salicylate (SAL) plasmids were detected. Sequencing the repA gene of IncP-9 carrying isolates revealed a high diversity within IncP-9 plasmid family, as well as extended the assumed bacterial host species range of the IncP-9 representatives. This study is the first insight into the genetic pool of the IncP-9 catabolic plasmids in the Baltic Sea bacterioplankton. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving Global Economy)
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860 KiB  
Article
Proteomics Analysis of the Effects of Cyanate on Chromobacterium violaceum Metabolism
by Rafael A. Baraúna, Alessandra Ciprandi, Agenor V. Santos, Marta S.P. Carepo, Evonnildo C. Gonçalves, Maria P.C. Schneider and Artur Silva
Genes 2011, 2(4), 736-747; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes2040736 - 19 Oct 2011
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6489
Abstract
Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative betaproteobacterium that has been isolated from various Brazilian ecosystems. Its genome contains the cyn operon, which gives it the ability to metabolize highly toxic cyanate into ammonium and carbon dioxide. We used a proteomics approach to investigate the [...] Read more.
Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative betaproteobacterium that has been isolated from various Brazilian ecosystems. Its genome contains the cyn operon, which gives it the ability to metabolize highly toxic cyanate into ammonium and carbon dioxide. We used a proteomics approach to investigate the effects of cyanate on the metabolism of this bacterium. The proteome of cells grown with and without cyanate was compared on 2-D gels. Differential spots were digested and identified by mass spectrometry. The bacterium was able to grow at concentrations of up to 1 mM cyanate. Eighteen spots were differentially expressed in the presence of cyanate, of which 16 were downregulated and only two were upregulated. An additional 12 spots were detected only in extracts of cells unexposed to cyanate, and one was expressed only by the exposed cells. Fourteen spots were identified, corresponding to 13 different proteins. We conclude that cyanate promotes expression of enzymes that combat oxidative stress and represses enzymes of the citric acid cycle, strongly affecting the energetic metabolism of the cell. Other proteins that were under-expressed in bacteria exposed to cyanate are involved in amino-acid metabolism or are hypothetical proteins, demonstrating that cyanate also affects expression of genes that are not part of the cyn operon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving Global Economy)
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